Decision Making Framework and Tools
... possible future tidal water levels to 2100. During piloting, it was recognised that UKCIP02 climate change scenarios provided a good starting point for the development of these scenarios, but did not include consideration of key components of Thames estuary tidal water levels, namely, storm surge an ...
... possible future tidal water levels to 2100. During piloting, it was recognised that UKCIP02 climate change scenarios provided a good starting point for the development of these scenarios, but did not include consideration of key components of Thames estuary tidal water levels, namely, storm surge an ...
Northern Ireland Climate Change Adaptation Programme
... toughest tests. This is particularly so when confronted by global issues such as climate change whose environmental impacts know no boundaries or borders. There is no doubt that climate change represents the biggest environmental, economic and social challenge of the 21st century. The threat of glob ...
... toughest tests. This is particularly so when confronted by global issues such as climate change whose environmental impacts know no boundaries or borders. There is no doubt that climate change represents the biggest environmental, economic and social challenge of the 21st century. The threat of glob ...
Linking Climate Change and Fish Conservation Efforts Using
... ecological data and driven by future climate projections. Our objective was not to build the most comprehensive models possible but to illustrate the process through case studies of two decision problems from the Northern Rocky Mountains of the Western United States (Figure 1). We demonstrate how th ...
... ecological data and driven by future climate projections. Our objective was not to build the most comprehensive models possible but to illustrate the process through case studies of two decision problems from the Northern Rocky Mountains of the Western United States (Figure 1). We demonstrate how th ...
Using Remote Sensing to Quantify Vegetation Change and
... drivers of change. While water availability and soil nutrients are the primary determinants of savanna composition [2], they are coupled with the local factors of fire, herbivory and anthropogenic land use to create and maintain spatial heterogeneity within savanna landscapes [3,4]. Human and herbiv ...
... drivers of change. While water availability and soil nutrients are the primary determinants of savanna composition [2], they are coupled with the local factors of fire, herbivory and anthropogenic land use to create and maintain spatial heterogeneity within savanna landscapes [3,4]. Human and herbiv ...
Has the grand idea of geoengineering as Plan B
... being described as having great potential or as a necessary emergency option if climate tipping points are crossed leading to abrupt, nonlinear and irreversible climate change, or as ‘Plan B’ as an alternative if mitigation fails (e.g. Harnisch et al, 2015; Horton 2015; Huttunen et al 2014; Loukkan ...
... being described as having great potential or as a necessary emergency option if climate tipping points are crossed leading to abrupt, nonlinear and irreversible climate change, or as ‘Plan B’ as an alternative if mitigation fails (e.g. Harnisch et al, 2015; Horton 2015; Huttunen et al 2014; Loukkan ...
Draft Findings of the Ad Hoc Technical expert group
... technical advice and assessment on the integration of the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity into climate change mitigation and adaptation activities, through inter alia: (a) Identifying relevant tools, methodologies and best practice examples for assessing the impacts on and vulnerabi ...
... technical advice and assessment on the integration of the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity into climate change mitigation and adaptation activities, through inter alia: (a) Identifying relevant tools, methodologies and best practice examples for assessing the impacts on and vulnerabi ...
Australian horticulture`s response to climate change and
... variability. A review was conducted of 27 projects previously funded by MCVP across a range of agricultural industries, of which 15 projects provided information or were capable of delivering an outcome which could have application in horticulture. This project has also sought to commence answering ...
... variability. A review was conducted of 27 projects previously funded by MCVP across a range of agricultural industries, of which 15 projects provided information or were capable of delivering an outcome which could have application in horticulture. This project has also sought to commence answering ...
Facing an uncertain future : how forests and people can adapt to
... Tropical rainforests. Studies of changes in tropical forest regions since the last glacial maximum show the sensitivity of species composition and ecology to climate changes (Hughen et al. 2004). Several studies have predicted impacts of climate change on tropical rainforests. In the humid tropics o ...
... Tropical rainforests. Studies of changes in tropical forest regions since the last glacial maximum show the sensitivity of species composition and ecology to climate changes (Hughen et al. 2004). Several studies have predicted impacts of climate change on tropical rainforests. In the humid tropics o ...
Regional Climate Information – Evaluation and Projections
... for the range of models and scenarios considered). In contrast, the warming will be less than the global mean in south and Southeast Asia in June-July-August (JJA), and in southern South America in winter. • It is likely that: precipitation will increase over northern midlatitude regions in winter a ...
... for the range of models and scenarios considered). In contrast, the warming will be less than the global mean in south and Southeast Asia in June-July-August (JJA), and in southern South America in winter. • It is likely that: precipitation will increase over northern midlatitude regions in winter a ...
Approaches to Climate Change Adaptation
... change and its local impacts (“A-track” steps for planning and implementation of adaptation measures). Many local governments, however, are not ready to apply those steps directly. Therefore, it provides a second set of steps easy for those who consider adaptation measures for the first time. These ...
... change and its local impacts (“A-track” steps for planning and implementation of adaptation measures). Many local governments, however, are not ready to apply those steps directly. Therefore, it provides a second set of steps easy for those who consider adaptation measures for the first time. These ...
- Wiley Online Library
... elevation in the average aquatic CO2 in fresh and brackish water systems, regardless of diurnal and seasonal variation. What is more, seasonal oscillations of aquatic CO2 in the future are predicted to amplify over time which will likely result in CO2 levels that exceed 1000 latm for several months ...
... elevation in the average aquatic CO2 in fresh and brackish water systems, regardless of diurnal and seasonal variation. What is more, seasonal oscillations of aquatic CO2 in the future are predicted to amplify over time which will likely result in CO2 levels that exceed 1000 latm for several months ...
Perception of Climate Change Among Egyptians Living in Egypt and
... atmosphere, and that is in addition to natural climate variability over comparable time periods” (UN 2004). The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) defines climate change broadly as “any change in climate over time whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity” (IP ...
... atmosphere, and that is in addition to natural climate variability over comparable time periods” (UN 2004). The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) defines climate change broadly as “any change in climate over time whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity” (IP ...
Agriculture and Future Climate Dynamics in Africa: Impacts and Adaptation Options
... their invaluable comments and encouragement at various stages of this work. I am thankful to Dalene du Plessis and Lynette Burger for their contributions and help. To my friends and fellow students at the University of Pretoria: Benjamin, Jethro, Wellington, Patrick, Davison, Abebe, Temesgen, Glwady ...
... their invaluable comments and encouragement at various stages of this work. I am thankful to Dalene du Plessis and Lynette Burger for their contributions and help. To my friends and fellow students at the University of Pretoria: Benjamin, Jethro, Wellington, Patrick, Davison, Abebe, Temesgen, Glwady ...
Protecting People Crossing Borders in the Context of
... activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to other natural climate variability that has been observed over comparable time periods’.2 This definition has been expanded by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) which refers to any change of c ...
... activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to other natural climate variability that has been observed over comparable time periods’.2 This definition has been expanded by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) which refers to any change of c ...
Explaining Extreme Events of 2013 from a Climate
... Attribution of extreme events is a challenging science and one that is currently undergoing considerable evolution. In this paper, 20 different research groups explored the causes of 16 different events that occurred in 2013. The findings indicate that human-caused climate change greatly increased t ...
... Attribution of extreme events is a challenging science and one that is currently undergoing considerable evolution. In this paper, 20 different research groups explored the causes of 16 different events that occurred in 2013. The findings indicate that human-caused climate change greatly increased t ...
explaining extreme events of 2013
... greatly increased the risk for the extreme heat waves assessed in this report. How human influence affected other types of events such as droughts, heavy rain events, and storms was less clear, indicating that natural variability likely played a much larger role in these extremes. Multiple groups ch ...
... greatly increased the risk for the extreme heat waves assessed in this report. How human influence affected other types of events such as droughts, heavy rain events, and storms was less clear, indicating that natural variability likely played a much larger role in these extremes. Multiple groups ch ...
Projected climate change impacts on North Sea and Baltic Sea
... few studies published show a large range in projected future primary production and hydrodynamic condition. With the addition of CMIP5 models and scenarios, the demand to explore the uncertainty in regional climate change projections increased. Moreover, the question arises how projections based on ...
... few studies published show a large range in projected future primary production and hydrodynamic condition. With the addition of CMIP5 models and scenarios, the demand to explore the uncertainty in regional climate change projections increased. Moreover, the question arises how projections based on ...
Coastal Councils and Planning for Climate Change
... Climate change is expected to have significant impacts on local communities in Australia, particularly coastal communities. These impacts include water scarcity, more frequent and intense storms, sea level rise, coastal zone erosion and inundation, the spread of disease and pressure to infrastructur ...
... Climate change is expected to have significant impacts on local communities in Australia, particularly coastal communities. These impacts include water scarcity, more frequent and intense storms, sea level rise, coastal zone erosion and inundation, the spread of disease and pressure to infrastructur ...
How does climate change influence arctic mercury?
... (Harris et al., 2007). Permafrost soils slumping into lakes as a consequence of thaw may also provide a pathway to increase Hg methylation in affected lakes. A widespread desiccation of small Arctic ponds has been observed (Smith et al., 2005b; Riordan et al., 2006; Smol and Douglas, 2007b), and wit ...
... (Harris et al., 2007). Permafrost soils slumping into lakes as a consequence of thaw may also provide a pathway to increase Hg methylation in affected lakes. A widespread desiccation of small Arctic ponds has been observed (Smith et al., 2005b; Riordan et al., 2006; Smol and Douglas, 2007b), and wit ...
Stern i in. (2012) How does climate change in fl uence arctic mercury?
... (Harris et al., 2007). Permafrost soils slumping into lakes as a consequence of thaw may also provide a pathway to increase Hg methylation in affected lakes. A widespread desiccation of small Arctic ponds has been observed (Smith et al., 2005b; Riordan et al., 2006; Smol and Douglas, 2007b), and wit ...
... (Harris et al., 2007). Permafrost soils slumping into lakes as a consequence of thaw may also provide a pathway to increase Hg methylation in affected lakes. A widespread desiccation of small Arctic ponds has been observed (Smith et al., 2005b; Riordan et al., 2006; Smol and Douglas, 2007b), and wit ...
Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment Tool for Coastal Habitats
... change impacts. Local partner agencies at each of the two pilot sites (North Inlet – Winyah Bay NERR, South Carolina and Chesapeake Bay NERR, Virginia) generously contributed their time and expertise to ensure this tool would be a useful resource for a broad number of applications. Participating age ...
... change impacts. Local partner agencies at each of the two pilot sites (North Inlet – Winyah Bay NERR, South Carolina and Chesapeake Bay NERR, Virginia) generously contributed their time and expertise to ensure this tool would be a useful resource for a broad number of applications. Participating age ...
The implications of climate change for biodiversity conservation and
... 2001; Parmesan and Yohe 2003; Root et al. 2003; Walther et al. 2002), and many studies have modelled various potential impacts on biodiversity over the remainder of this century and concluded that widespread impacts can be expected for a large fraction of the world’s terrestrial species, including a ...
... 2001; Parmesan and Yohe 2003; Root et al. 2003; Walther et al. 2002), and many studies have modelled various potential impacts on biodiversity over the remainder of this century and concluded that widespread impacts can be expected for a large fraction of the world’s terrestrial species, including a ...
The Impact of Climate Change and Population Growth
... annual expected loss levels, and possible administrative considerations. The study is groundbreaking in two major ways. First, it demonstrates innovative methods to capture the influence of climate change and population growth on the nation's flood hazards through the century, accounting for both ri ...
... annual expected loss levels, and possible administrative considerations. The study is groundbreaking in two major ways. First, it demonstrates innovative methods to capture the influence of climate change and population growth on the nation's flood hazards through the century, accounting for both ri ...
Climate Vulnerability in Asia`s High Mountains
... management strategies that work in the monsoondriven eastern and central Himalaya should not be applied in the snow- and ice-melt-driven northwestern Himalaya and Karakoram without accounting for local variation in the hydrologic cycle. ...
... management strategies that work in the monsoondriven eastern and central Himalaya should not be applied in the snow- and ice-melt-driven northwestern Himalaya and Karakoram without accounting for local variation in the hydrologic cycle. ...
Climate Vulnerability in Asia`s High Mountains
... management strategies that work in the monsoondriven eastern and central Himalaya should not be applied in the snow- and ice-melt-driven northwestern Himalaya and Karakoram without accounting for local variation in the hydrologic cycle. ...
... management strategies that work in the monsoondriven eastern and central Himalaya should not be applied in the snow- and ice-melt-driven northwestern Himalaya and Karakoram without accounting for local variation in the hydrologic cycle. ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.