Estimating the Effect of Climate Change on the Hydrology of the Nile
... Considerable evidence supports the contention that climate change will increase average temperatures throughout the Nile River Basin (Di Baldasserre et al. 2011; El-Din 2013; Chen 2012). As shown by the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, in high temperature regions such as the Nile River Basin, even a sma ...
... Considerable evidence supports the contention that climate change will increase average temperatures throughout the Nile River Basin (Di Baldasserre et al. 2011; El-Din 2013; Chen 2012). As shown by the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, in high temperature regions such as the Nile River Basin, even a sma ...
S1501174_en.pdf
... Effects of international trade in climate change ........................................................... 150 ...
... Effects of international trade in climate change ........................................................... 150 ...
Assessing the Impacts of Land Cover Change on
... The thesis begins by providing a theoretical framework of land-atmosphere interactions. It then reviews the process of land use and land cover change and subsequent climatic consequences in non-Amazonian South America and identifies those ecosystems most affected and least studied. The review highli ...
... The thesis begins by providing a theoretical framework of land-atmosphere interactions. It then reviews the process of land use and land cover change and subsequent climatic consequences in non-Amazonian South America and identifies those ecosystems most affected and least studied. The review highli ...
Payne and Pates 2009 Wetlands Ecology and Management
... chronology for these profiles. However both sets of results can be taken to suggest that ...
... chronology for these profiles. However both sets of results can be taken to suggest that ...
Extreme Storms in Michigan
... in Michigan large storms have become much more frequent over the past half century. For Michigan, the increasing number of extreme storms is one of the state’s greatest vulnerabilities to human-caused climate change. The increase in the number of extreme storms in Michigan is part of a pattern of mo ...
... in Michigan large storms have become much more frequent over the past half century. For Michigan, the increasing number of extreme storms is one of the state’s greatest vulnerabilities to human-caused climate change. The increase in the number of extreme storms in Michigan is part of a pattern of mo ...
Diverse policy implications for future ozone and surface UV in a
... the summer but only ~0.5 in the winter. Figure 3 shows the percent change in the UVI (based on total, not stratospheric, column ozone) compared to the historical period as a function of month for (A, C) the RCP 2.6 future climate and (B, D) the RCP 8.5 future climate for N2O concentrations fixed at ...
... the summer but only ~0.5 in the winter. Figure 3 shows the percent change in the UVI (based on total, not stratospheric, column ozone) compared to the historical period as a function of month for (A, C) the RCP 2.6 future climate and (B, D) the RCP 8.5 future climate for N2O concentrations fixed at ...
The global hydrological cycle and energy budget under climate
... that less energy is available at the surface for latent heat flux, and consequently for precipitation, in CO2 forcing simulations. On the other hand, the increase in water vapor caused by the warming is larger in CO2 simulations. In summary, the response in precipitation is more muted compared to t ...
... that less energy is available at the surface for latent heat flux, and consequently for precipitation, in CO2 forcing simulations. On the other hand, the increase in water vapor caused by the warming is larger in CO2 simulations. In summary, the response in precipitation is more muted compared to t ...
Climate Change Risk and Vulnerability
... in many countries and in the international negotiations on climate change, an unwillingness to devote serious attention to adaptation strategies. Some level of climate change is inevitable irrespective of emission reduction strategies. This inevitability is reflected in the conclusion of the IPCC in ...
... in many countries and in the international negotiations on climate change, an unwillingness to devote serious attention to adaptation strategies. Some level of climate change is inevitable irrespective of emission reduction strategies. This inevitability is reflected in the conclusion of the IPCC in ...
Mid-Pliocene Westerlies from PlioMIP Simulations
... should perhaps see westerlies shifting equatorward in a cooling climate with a reduction of greenhouse gases. However, while some simulations have shown an equatorward shift, others have shown a poleward shift, or no significant shift at all (Rojas et al., 2009; Chavaillaz et al., 2013; Sime et al., ...
... should perhaps see westerlies shifting equatorward in a cooling climate with a reduction of greenhouse gases. However, while some simulations have shown an equatorward shift, others have shown a poleward shift, or no significant shift at all (Rojas et al., 2009; Chavaillaz et al., 2013; Sime et al., ...
Toronto`s Future Weather and Climate Driver Study
... Recent climate model results project that in a future climate regime, a poleward shift in Northern Hemisphere storm tracks will occur (McCabe et al., 2001; Magnusdottir et al., 2004; Bengtsson et al., 2006; Yin, 2005; IPCC, 2007de). In particular, Yin (2005) examined the output from fifteen climate ...
... Recent climate model results project that in a future climate regime, a poleward shift in Northern Hemisphere storm tracks will occur (McCabe et al., 2001; Magnusdottir et al., 2004; Bengtsson et al., 2006; Yin, 2005; IPCC, 2007de). In particular, Yin (2005) examined the output from fifteen climate ...
Land Cover Land Use Change and Soil Organic Carbon Under
... inputs for those classes. White shows areas where no SOC was modeled (water bodies, clouds, cloud shadows, settlement areas, or no Landsat data). ......................................... 77 Figure 6 Histograms of the year 2000 SOC coefficient of variation (Figure 5) for each land cover land use cla ...
... inputs for those classes. White shows areas where no SOC was modeled (water bodies, clouds, cloud shadows, settlement areas, or no Landsat data). ......................................... 77 Figure 6 Histograms of the year 2000 SOC coefficient of variation (Figure 5) for each land cover land use cla ...
PDF - Florida Climate Change Task Force
... under a Changing Climate and was written by the Florida State University System Taskforce on Climate Change. This report describes the current scientific understanding of the impacts of climate changes on the natural systems of Florida. The statements in this summary are based on the chapters in the ...
... under a Changing Climate and was written by the Florida State University System Taskforce on Climate Change. This report describes the current scientific understanding of the impacts of climate changes on the natural systems of Florida. The statements in this summary are based on the chapters in the ...
Identifying adaptation options
... 1. What is adaptation and why adapt? The viability, development and sustainability of social, economic and environmental systems are determined by the abilities of these systems to cope with and/or adapt to change. Historic climate variations and recent weather events (eg. storms, droughts, floods, ...
... 1. What is adaptation and why adapt? The viability, development and sustainability of social, economic and environmental systems are determined by the abilities of these systems to cope with and/or adapt to change. Historic climate variations and recent weather events (eg. storms, droughts, floods, ...
On the Current and Future Dry Spell Characteristics over Africa
... participating in IPCC’s fourth Assessment Report suggest warmer temperatures, in the range of 2–7 °C for Africa by the end of the 21st century. This warming is non-uniform, with the drier subtropical regions projected to experience warmer temperatures than the moist tropical region. As for precipita ...
... participating in IPCC’s fourth Assessment Report suggest warmer temperatures, in the range of 2–7 °C for Africa by the end of the 21st century. This warming is non-uniform, with the drier subtropical regions projected to experience warmer temperatures than the moist tropical region. As for precipita ...
Significant decrease in yield under future climate conditions
... and [O3 ] to increase by 25% compared to the concentrations experienced today (32–62 ppb). The latest assessment report of IPCC, working group I, also considered three other climate scenarios with lower increase in the anthropogenic emission of greenhouse gases leading to less elevated temperature, ...
... and [O3 ] to increase by 25% compared to the concentrations experienced today (32–62 ppb). The latest assessment report of IPCC, working group I, also considered three other climate scenarios with lower increase in the anthropogenic emission of greenhouse gases leading to less elevated temperature, ...
10584_2011_45_MOESM1_ESM - Springer Static Content Server
... empirical testing, predictive modeling etc.). Initiatives that strengthened knowledge base, information sharing, improving data gathering, surveillance / forecasting systems and increased vulnerability / adaptive capacity / resilience to climate change were included. Articles dedicated to improving ...
... empirical testing, predictive modeling etc.). Initiatives that strengthened knowledge base, information sharing, improving data gathering, surveillance / forecasting systems and increased vulnerability / adaptive capacity / resilience to climate change were included. Articles dedicated to improving ...
Climate Change Impacts in Alpine Environments
... Fig. 7. Projection of warming effects on the distribution of suitable sites for the nival plant Androsace alpina based on a spatial explicit model: (a) Digital Elevation Model of Mt. Schrankogel (resolution 1 m2). (b) Setting of 1 m2 permanent plots in transects (see yellow markings in (a) for deriv ...
... Fig. 7. Projection of warming effects on the distribution of suitable sites for the nival plant Androsace alpina based on a spatial explicit model: (a) Digital Elevation Model of Mt. Schrankogel (resolution 1 m2). (b) Setting of 1 m2 permanent plots in transects (see yellow markings in (a) for deriv ...
Specialist Advice and literature review to support the Ad Hoc
... The contribution that biodiversity can make to societal adaptation will differ according to the circumstances, and in many cases technological solutions will be required. Analysis of the costs and benefits of adaptation options is uneven, and further research is required in this area. However, avail ...
... The contribution that biodiversity can make to societal adaptation will differ according to the circumstances, and in many cases technological solutions will be required. Analysis of the costs and benefits of adaptation options is uneven, and further research is required in this area. However, avail ...
3 The role of biodiversity in societal adaptation to climate change
... The contribution that biodiversity can make to societal adaptation will differ according to the circumstances, and in many cases technological solutions will be required. Analysis of the costs and benefits of adaptation options is uneven, and further research is required in this area. However, avail ...
... The contribution that biodiversity can make to societal adaptation will differ according to the circumstances, and in many cases technological solutions will be required. Analysis of the costs and benefits of adaptation options is uneven, and further research is required in this area. However, avail ...
European Perceptions of Climate Change (EPCC) - ORCA
... The EPCC project was designed to maximise the relevance of the survey results for academic and nonacademic audiences. The countries involved in this project represent four key energy producing nations in Europe. They are significant not only for their large and varied energy systems, but also becaus ...
... The EPCC project was designed to maximise the relevance of the survey results for academic and nonacademic audiences. The countries involved in this project represent four key energy producing nations in Europe. They are significant not only for their large and varied energy systems, but also becaus ...
Climate Change, Vulnerability and Health: A Guide to Assessing
... decade it is estimated that, each year, between 100,000 and 200,000 deaths worldwide were attributable to the effects of climate change. Due to their unique geography, topography and climate, each country is likely to have sections of the community that are more vulnerable to the impacts of climate ...
... decade it is estimated that, each year, between 100,000 and 200,000 deaths worldwide were attributable to the effects of climate change. Due to their unique geography, topography and climate, each country is likely to have sections of the community that are more vulnerable to the impacts of climate ...
climate change in the courts
... EIA cases mostly arose in the context of assessing coastal hazards, namely sea level rise and increased flooding. Where planning laws and policies required consideration of future climate impacts, courts were more likely to ensure considerations were taken into account and addressed prior to grantin ...
... EIA cases mostly arose in the context of assessing coastal hazards, namely sea level rise and increased flooding. Where planning laws and policies required consideration of future climate impacts, courts were more likely to ensure considerations were taken into account and addressed prior to grantin ...
CHAPTER 13 CLIMATE VARIABILITY, CLIMATE CHANGE, AND WESTERN WILDFIRE WITH IMPLICATIONS
... land management, allocation of fire management resources, and suburban planning accordingly. To establish these linkages we review previous research and draw inferences from our own retrospective work focused on 20th century climate–fire relationships in the U.S. Pacific Northwest (PNW). We investig ...
... land management, allocation of fire management resources, and suburban planning accordingly. To establish these linkages we review previous research and draw inferences from our own retrospective work focused on 20th century climate–fire relationships in the U.S. Pacific Northwest (PNW). We investig ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.