Climate change and
... Inland fisheries have increased throughout the last half century reaching about nine million tonnes in 2002, although this trend has been accompanied in many lake and river systems by overfishing and the collapse of individual large, valuable species. “Ecosystem overfishing” has occurred as the spe ...
... Inland fisheries have increased throughout the last half century reaching about nine million tonnes in 2002, although this trend has been accompanied in many lake and river systems by overfishing and the collapse of individual large, valuable species. “Ecosystem overfishing” has occurred as the spe ...
The Resolution Dependence of Contiguous U.S. Precipitation
... Wuebbles et al. 2014; Fischer and Knutti 2015). Furthermore, the sensitivity is larger the more extreme the events that are considered (e.g., the 1-yr vs 5-yr returning events; Shiu et al. 2012; Fischer and Knutti 2015). The conclusions of these modeling studies are complemented by trends in the obs ...
... Wuebbles et al. 2014; Fischer and Knutti 2015). Furthermore, the sensitivity is larger the more extreme the events that are considered (e.g., the 1-yr vs 5-yr returning events; Shiu et al. 2012; Fischer and Knutti 2015). The conclusions of these modeling studies are complemented by trends in the obs ...
KPMG - UNFCCC PSI database report
... measures can target both climate variability (at an inter-annual scale) as well as longer-term mean climatic changes. • Adaptation is an essential response strategy to climate change for a number of reasons:2 • A time-lag exists between the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, and the a ...
... measures can target both climate variability (at an inter-annual scale) as well as longer-term mean climatic changes. • Adaptation is an essential response strategy to climate change for a number of reasons:2 • A time-lag exists between the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, and the a ...
a guidebook on climate scenarios
... climate science has now reached a certain level of maturity that renders it more valuable and useful for decisionmakers. At the same time, however, the potential impacts of climate change raise an increasing number of issues that decision-makers have to deal with. Consequently, making decisions base ...
... climate science has now reached a certain level of maturity that renders it more valuable and useful for decisionmakers. At the same time, however, the potential impacts of climate change raise an increasing number of issues that decision-makers have to deal with. Consequently, making decisions base ...
Changes in Sea Level
... modelling studies of glaciers and ice caps indicate a contribution to sea level rise of 0.2 to 0.4 mm/yr averaged over the 20th century. • Climate changes during the 20th century are estimated from modelling studies to have led to contributions of between –0.2 and 0.0 mm/yr from Antarctica (the resu ...
... modelling studies of glaciers and ice caps indicate a contribution to sea level rise of 0.2 to 0.4 mm/yr averaged over the 20th century. • Climate changes during the 20th century are estimated from modelling studies to have led to contributions of between –0.2 and 0.0 mm/yr from Antarctica (the resu ...
multiple demands on water and needs for adaptation to climate
... Temperature exhibits a slight rising trend since 1975. This increasing trend for temperature is expected to continue during the 21st century. Precipitation is expected to decrease, although some regional models claim the opposite. Considering the relationship between precipitation and runoff, correl ...
... Temperature exhibits a slight rising trend since 1975. This increasing trend for temperature is expected to continue during the 21st century. Precipitation is expected to decrease, although some regional models claim the opposite. Considering the relationship between precipitation and runoff, correl ...
A Warm Response, Our Climate Change Challenge
... consensus on anthropogenic global warming has emerged. Today there is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities and that human-induced climate change, additional to that caused by natural variability, is now taking place (I ...
... consensus on anthropogenic global warming has emerged. Today there is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities and that human-induced climate change, additional to that caused by natural variability, is now taking place (I ...
We Have Been Conned - The Science and Public Policy Institute
... The temperature data cited by the IPCC is derived from thermometer readings just above the Earth's surface or just below the surface of the oceans. The data is so flawed and inconsistent, because the circumstances in which it is gathered are so dynamic, that it should be rejected. One wonders if th ...
... The temperature data cited by the IPCC is derived from thermometer readings just above the Earth's surface or just below the surface of the oceans. The data is so flawed and inconsistent, because the circumstances in which it is gathered are so dynamic, that it should be rejected. One wonders if th ...
Climate change leadership: A study of climate change
... According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) fourth assessed report (2007) and the Stern Report (2007), scientific evidence indicates that the global climate is rapidly changing in response to the increasing concentration of greenhouse gases (GHG) from human economic activities. ...
... According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) fourth assessed report (2007) and the Stern Report (2007), scientific evidence indicates that the global climate is rapidly changing in response to the increasing concentration of greenhouse gases (GHG) from human economic activities. ...
IPCC WGII AR5 Chapter 18 FIRST-‐ORDER DRAFT Expert Review
... As I see, many Boxes are dealing with methodological issues. I like to suggest locating those Boxes in the method section of 18.2 The entire sequence of boxes has been modified and all boxes are ...
... As I see, many Boxes are dealing with methodological issues. I like to suggest locating those Boxes in the method section of 18.2 The entire sequence of boxes has been modified and all boxes are ...
Warming Power of CO2 and H2O: Correlations with Temperature
... changes and CO2 changes in the atmosphere is made for a large diversity of conditions, with the same data used to model climate changes. Correlation of historical series of data is the main approach. CO2 changes are closely related to temperature. Warmer seasons or triennial phases are followed by a ...
... changes and CO2 changes in the atmosphere is made for a large diversity of conditions, with the same data used to model climate changes. Correlation of historical series of data is the main approach. CO2 changes are closely related to temperature. Warmer seasons or triennial phases are followed by a ...
7 Managing the Risks: International Level and Integration across Scales
... (floods, droughts, cyclones, and so forth) has always been a fact of human life (Lamb, 1995). In more recent decades, extreme weather events have increasingly come to be associated with large-scale disasters and an increasing level of economic losses (Chapters 2 and 4). Considerable experience has a ...
... (floods, droughts, cyclones, and so forth) has always been a fact of human life (Lamb, 1995). In more recent decades, extreme weather events have increasingly come to be associated with large-scale disasters and an increasing level of economic losses (Chapters 2 and 4). Considerable experience has a ...
On Climate Change A Human Health Perspective A Report Outlining the
... from EHP may be reprinted freely; however, News articles may contain photographs or figures copyrighted by commercial organizations or individuals that may not be used without obtaining prior approval from the holder of the copyright. Use of materials published in EHP should be acknowledged (for exa ...
... from EHP may be reprinted freely; however, News articles may contain photographs or figures copyrighted by commercial organizations or individuals that may not be used without obtaining prior approval from the holder of the copyright. Use of materials published in EHP should be acknowledged (for exa ...
Ocean Acidification and the UNFCCC
... There are likely to be winners and losers due to rising ocean acidity. It has been suggested that jellyfish,21 algae22 and seagrasses23 could all do better in a high CO2 world. However, these species are unlikely to support the diversity of species and ecosystems that exists in the oceans today and ...
... There are likely to be winners and losers due to rising ocean acidity. It has been suggested that jellyfish,21 algae22 and seagrasses23 could all do better in a high CO2 world. However, these species are unlikely to support the diversity of species and ecosystems that exists in the oceans today and ...
Weather and Climate Extremes in a Changing Climate. Regions of
... determining that this product conforms with Section 515. For purposes of compliance with Section 515, this CCSP Synthesis and Assessment Product is an “interpreted product” as that term is used in NOAA guidelines and is classified as “highly influential”. This document does not express any regulator ...
... determining that this product conforms with Section 515. For purposes of compliance with Section 515, this CCSP Synthesis and Assessment Product is an “interpreted product” as that term is used in NOAA guidelines and is classified as “highly influential”. This document does not express any regulator ...
CHAPTER 2: ARCTIC CLIMATE – Past and Present Lead Author
... The Arctic region is the northern polar component of the global climate system. The global climate system has been thoroughly examined in the recent reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2001), including a description of the global climate system (IPCC, WGI, pp 85-98) and t ...
... The Arctic region is the northern polar component of the global climate system. The global climate system has been thoroughly examined in the recent reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2001), including a description of the global climate system (IPCC, WGI, pp 85-98) and t ...
PDF
... yield. All in all results are mixed and they refer to different sites, mostly in China. Regarding wheat, the highest CV increases are 50% (for the 2080’s). But another study projects CV decreases of up to 25% in the year 2020 and the 2050‘s. In the case of maize the CV is predicted to increase up to ...
... yield. All in all results are mixed and they refer to different sites, mostly in China. Regarding wheat, the highest CV increases are 50% (for the 2080’s). But another study projects CV decreases of up to 25% in the year 2020 and the 2050‘s. In the case of maize the CV is predicted to increase up to ...
Hydropower Vulnerability and Climate Change
... The main purpose of this study is to assess how climate change will impact global hydroelectric production. This assessment was carried out through an extensive literature review that investigated current trends in hydropower as well climate change effects predicted to influence hydroelectric produc ...
... The main purpose of this study is to assess how climate change will impact global hydroelectric production. This assessment was carried out through an extensive literature review that investigated current trends in hydropower as well climate change effects predicted to influence hydroelectric produc ...
On connecting climate change with security and armed conflicts.
... historical analyses. Moreover, a number of these historically based studies are derived on the basis of the interlinkages between altered natural resources, climate change and conflicts. Thus, they have limited value in predicting what is to come in the future for security (as a result of climate ch ...
... historical analyses. Moreover, a number of these historically based studies are derived on the basis of the interlinkages between altered natural resources, climate change and conflicts. Thus, they have limited value in predicting what is to come in the future for security (as a result of climate ch ...
Impacts of Climate Change on Water Resources
... Figure 27. Reduction in average annual rainfall produced by the four different GCMs under the B1 and A2 emissions scenarios based on OzClim data at the centre of the Neales model domain .................................................................................................................. ...
... Figure 27. Reduction in average annual rainfall produced by the four different GCMs under the B1 and A2 emissions scenarios based on OzClim data at the centre of the Neales model domain .................................................................................................................. ...
The Poverty and Welfare Impacts of Climate Change
... significantly from its historical patterns (IPCC 2007). It is likely to lead not only to changes in the mean levels of temperatures and rainfall but also to a significant increase in the variability of climate and in the frequency of extreme weather events. Erratic weather and increased climatic var ...
... significantly from its historical patterns (IPCC 2007). It is likely to lead not only to changes in the mean levels of temperatures and rainfall but also to a significant increase in the variability of climate and in the frequency of extreme weather events. Erratic weather and increased climatic var ...
Climate Change Scenarios for the United Kingdom
... 6. The UK climate has also changed over the same period, and many of these changes are consistent with the warming of global climate. Central England temperature rose by almost 1ºC through the twentieth century. The decade of the 1990s was the warmest in central England since records began in the 16 ...
... 6. The UK climate has also changed over the same period, and many of these changes are consistent with the warming of global climate. Central England temperature rose by almost 1ºC through the twentieth century. The decade of the 1990s was the warmest in central England since records began in the 16 ...
PDF
... The goal of this paper is to improve the meta-analysis technique as applied to estimating a climate damage function in DICE. This is important for two reasons. First, given the leadership status placed on DICE by other economists and the prominence of Nordhaus in the field, it is important to scrut ...
... The goal of this paper is to improve the meta-analysis technique as applied to estimating a climate damage function in DICE. This is important for two reasons. First, given the leadership status placed on DICE by other economists and the prominence of Nordhaus in the field, it is important to scrut ...
1 Guidance Manual RAPID CLIMATE CHANGE
... downscaling and hydrological modelling led to the assessment of climate change effects on each site. The project has established a solid scientific evidence base for wetlands adaptation and a rapid spatial assessment methodology for climate change vulnerability assessments of natural systems. The as ...
... downscaling and hydrological modelling led to the assessment of climate change effects on each site. The project has established a solid scientific evidence base for wetlands adaptation and a rapid spatial assessment methodology for climate change vulnerability assessments of natural systems. The as ...
Endangered Quino checkerspot butterfly and climate change: Short
... Species that are already under stress from other human activities are likely more vulnerable to global warming due to decreased resistance and resilience (Parmesan and Galbraith 2004; Parmesan et al. 2013). In these circumstances, the conservation community is increasingly concerned with how to mana ...
... Species that are already under stress from other human activities are likely more vulnerable to global warming due to decreased resistance and resilience (Parmesan and Galbraith 2004; Parmesan et al. 2013). In these circumstances, the conservation community is increasingly concerned with how to mana ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.