Vulnerability of coastal communities to key
... coral bleaching on fishery returns. A key contribution is the development of a novel, network-based approach to examining sensitivity to changes in the fishery that incorporates linkages between fishery and non-fishery occupations. We find that key sources of vulnerability differ considerably within and ...
... coral bleaching on fishery returns. A key contribution is the development of a novel, network-based approach to examining sensitivity to changes in the fishery that incorporates linkages between fishery and non-fishery occupations. We find that key sources of vulnerability differ considerably within and ...
Climate change in the UKOTs an overview of the science
... Climate change is seen as critical to the long term health of ecosystems – yet it is also critical to the health of people, simply by virtue of ecosystem changes. We can no longer assume that we are not connected with nature; our future on the planet is inextricably entwined with that of nature. Thu ...
... Climate change is seen as critical to the long term health of ecosystems – yet it is also critical to the health of people, simply by virtue of ecosystem changes. We can no longer assume that we are not connected with nature; our future on the planet is inextricably entwined with that of nature. Thu ...
PDF-B Document - Global Environment Facility
... The UNFCCC and Systematic Observation. The potential problems associated with global climate change are now widely recognized. The UNFCCC was negotiated in 1992 because countries were "concerned that human activities have been substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gas ...
... The UNFCCC and Systematic Observation. The potential problems associated with global climate change are now widely recognized. The UNFCCC was negotiated in 1992 because countries were "concerned that human activities have been substantially increasing the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gas ...
CLIMATE CHANGE SCENARIOS FOR MACEDONIA
... As a first estimate of expected climate change on the level of the entire country, the results of selected GCMs were interpolated to the geographic location 21.5°E and 41.5°N ‐ approximately to the middle of the country – using simple bilinear method (Press et al., 2001). The resul ...
... As a first estimate of expected climate change on the level of the entire country, the results of selected GCMs were interpolated to the geographic location 21.5°E and 41.5°N ‐ approximately to the middle of the country – using simple bilinear method (Press et al., 2001). The resul ...
perspectives on climate change - Canadian Institute of Planners
... Of the planners responding, 83% in 2011 and 82% in 2012 feel that humans “impact the advancement of climate change”. It should be noted that 25% (2012) and 30% (2011) of the respondents chose not to respond to this question. The discussions in the focus groups support the survey finding that planner ...
... Of the planners responding, 83% in 2011 and 82% in 2012 feel that humans “impact the advancement of climate change”. It should be noted that 25% (2012) and 30% (2011) of the respondents chose not to respond to this question. The discussions in the focus groups support the survey finding that planner ...
Responses of vegetation distribution to climate change in China
... Weather Forecasts as lateral boundary conditions. The regional climate scenarios simulated by PRECES have been widely utilized to assess the effect of climate change on the ecosystems in China (Xiong et al. 2009, Wu et al. 2010, Zhao et al. 2013a). The projected climatic data that include the A2, B2 ...
... Weather Forecasts as lateral boundary conditions. The regional climate scenarios simulated by PRECES have been widely utilized to assess the effect of climate change on the ecosystems in China (Xiong et al. 2009, Wu et al. 2010, Zhao et al. 2013a). The projected climatic data that include the A2, B2 ...
The millennial atmospheric lifetime of anthropogenic CO2
... pCO2 of about 490 ppm to keep the global warming below the 2°C danger limit. This corresponds to about 400 Gton C of anthropogenic carbon in the atmosphere. If we divide 400 Gton C by a maximum airborne fraction of 55%, we calculate a maximum allowable total emission of about 700 Gton C, of which 30 ...
... pCO2 of about 490 ppm to keep the global warming below the 2°C danger limit. This corresponds to about 400 Gton C of anthropogenic carbon in the atmosphere. If we divide 400 Gton C by a maximum airborne fraction of 55%, we calculate a maximum allowable total emission of about 700 Gton C, of which 30 ...
- Wiley Online Library
... Climate change is affecting marine ecosystems, but different investigative approaches in physical, chemical, and biological disciplines may influence interpretations of climate-driven changes in the ocean. Here, we review the ocean change literature from 2007 to 2012 based on 461 of the most highly ...
... Climate change is affecting marine ecosystems, but different investigative approaches in physical, chemical, and biological disciplines may influence interpretations of climate-driven changes in the ocean. Here, we review the ocean change literature from 2007 to 2012 based on 461 of the most highly ...
The physical concept of climate forcing
... mainly described by temperature and precipitation. Climate change is consequently a long-term change in the average weather. Regional climates differ due to proximity to the ocean, vegetation coverage, geology, altitude, abundance of sunshine, atmospheric composition, and so on. Therefore, climatolo ...
... mainly described by temperature and precipitation. Climate change is consequently a long-term change in the average weather. Regional climates differ due to proximity to the ocean, vegetation coverage, geology, altitude, abundance of sunshine, atmospheric composition, and so on. Therefore, climatolo ...
Drivers of adaptation: Responses to weather
... compared with climate mitigation actions. The evidence suggests that the limited climate change adaptation that is already occurring is being motivated by other factors than climate change itself (Amundsen et al., 2010; Berrang-Ford et al., 2011; Bulkeley, 2010; Smit and Wandel, 2006). Which brings ...
... compared with climate mitigation actions. The evidence suggests that the limited climate change adaptation that is already occurring is being motivated by other factors than climate change itself (Amundsen et al., 2010; Berrang-Ford et al., 2011; Bulkeley, 2010; Smit and Wandel, 2006). Which brings ...
Preparing BC for Climate Migration
... countries like Canada have disproportionately benefitted from the combustion of fossil fuels, whereas others who have contributed least to climate change will disproportionately feel its impacts. Despite this, at present, there is little interest at the federal and provincial government levels to re ...
... countries like Canada have disproportionately benefitted from the combustion of fossil fuels, whereas others who have contributed least to climate change will disproportionately feel its impacts. Despite this, at present, there is little interest at the federal and provincial government levels to re ...
Club Club - OECD.org
... a Sahel country can, in the political discourse, turn into a threat to OECD countries. Such ‘leaps’ also arise from a tendency to ignore analyses of the mechanisms involved in migration itself. Existing case studies (Findley, 1994) tend to show short-distance, relatively localized migration during s ...
... a Sahel country can, in the political discourse, turn into a threat to OECD countries. Such ‘leaps’ also arise from a tendency to ignore analyses of the mechanisms involved in migration itself. Existing case studies (Findley, 1994) tend to show short-distance, relatively localized migration during s ...
Defeating Kyoto: The Conservative Movement`s Impact
... (McAdam, McCarthy, and Zald 1996a; Tarrow 1998) 4—as well as recent ideas on “Ideologically Structured Action” (e.g., Zald 2000a, 2000b) to solve the puzzle of the delegitimation of global warming as a major problem within the policy arena. Third, we extend the arguments made in our previous work in ...
... (McAdam, McCarthy, and Zald 1996a; Tarrow 1998) 4—as well as recent ideas on “Ideologically Structured Action” (e.g., Zald 2000a, 2000b) to solve the puzzle of the delegitimation of global warming as a major problem within the policy arena. Third, we extend the arguments made in our previous work in ...
Defeating Kyoto: The Conservative Movement`s Impact on U.S.
... (McAdam, McCarthy, and Zald 1996a; Tarrow 1998) 4—as well as recent ideas on “Ideologically Structured Action” (e.g., Zald 2000a, 2000b) to solve the puzzle of the delegitimation of global warming as a major problem within the policy arena. Third, we extend the arguments made in our previous work in ...
... (McAdam, McCarthy, and Zald 1996a; Tarrow 1998) 4—as well as recent ideas on “Ideologically Structured Action” (e.g., Zald 2000a, 2000b) to solve the puzzle of the delegitimation of global warming as a major problem within the policy arena. Third, we extend the arguments made in our previous work in ...
PDF
... climate change since the creation of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 1998, and even before then. From these efforts, a two-pronged approach to climate change has emerged, divided into: (1) mitigation—efforts to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) or to provide for ...
... climate change since the creation of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 1998, and even before then. From these efforts, a two-pronged approach to climate change has emerged, divided into: (1) mitigation—efforts to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) or to provide for ...
Comparative biology of different plant pathogens to estimate effects
... Little work has been done on the effects of climate change on plant disease epidemics. It is now broadly accepted that climate change is occurring, and that many parts of the world will experience warmer conditions and more extreme weather events. There will also be substantial changes in precipitat ...
... Little work has been done on the effects of climate change on plant disease epidemics. It is now broadly accepted that climate change is occurring, and that many parts of the world will experience warmer conditions and more extreme weather events. There will also be substantial changes in precipitat ...
Detecting runoff variation in Weihe River basin, China
... changes to the hydrological cycles of western USA during the last half of the 20th century. In recent decades, hydrological studies have focused on runoff, in particular (Labat et al., 2004; Liu and Xia, 2004; Fraiture, 2007; Hejazi and Moglen, 2007). In northern China, substantial reductions in run ...
... changes to the hydrological cycles of western USA during the last half of the 20th century. In recent decades, hydrological studies have focused on runoff, in particular (Labat et al., 2004; Liu and Xia, 2004; Fraiture, 2007; Hejazi and Moglen, 2007). In northern China, substantial reductions in run ...
Key Steps: Mitigation
... Other historical & non-historical data relevant to the sector might be necessary Depends on analytical approach, sectoral scope, & whether mitigation or adaptation focus For a model: e.g. basic socioeconomic & technological data For scenario development: information about current, past, & expect ...
... Other historical & non-historical data relevant to the sector might be necessary Depends on analytical approach, sectoral scope, & whether mitigation or adaptation focus For a model: e.g. basic socioeconomic & technological data For scenario development: information about current, past, & expect ...
Vulnerability to climate change in the Arctic: A case study from Arctic
... vulnerability as a function of the climate conditions to which a system is exposed, its sensitivity, and its adaptive capacity. These concepts are consistent with and are captured in the model of vulnerability employed here, where our system of interest is the community (Fig. 1). Vulnerability is co ...
... vulnerability as a function of the climate conditions to which a system is exposed, its sensitivity, and its adaptive capacity. These concepts are consistent with and are captured in the model of vulnerability employed here, where our system of interest is the community (Fig. 1). Vulnerability is co ...
Ecosystem Based Adaptation
... Climate change associated events, together with unsustainable management of ecosystems, increase the vulnerabilities of people and nature by impacting them adversely. These impacts can be environmental (degradation, conversion, effects of increasingly frequent and severe events such as floods and dr ...
... Climate change associated events, together with unsustainable management of ecosystems, increase the vulnerabilities of people and nature by impacting them adversely. These impacts can be environmental (degradation, conversion, effects of increasingly frequent and severe events such as floods and dr ...
influence of surface/free-air decoupling on temperature trend patterns
... free atmosphere when pressure is high. [14] We develop an index representative of the extent of surface versus free atmospheric coupling based on the gradient of the relationship between surface temperature anomalies and free‐air circulation. This is an extension of previous work by Daly et al. [201 ...
... free atmosphere when pressure is high. [14] We develop an index representative of the extent of surface versus free atmospheric coupling based on the gradient of the relationship between surface temperature anomalies and free‐air circulation. This is an extension of previous work by Daly et al. [201 ...
Mathematics of Climate Change - Library
... What actions is Washington taking to reduce global warming? At present, the U.S. government is trailing both public opinion in the U.S. and many other world governments in addressing the climate-change problem. Nevertheless, there are some grounds for optimism. At the United Nations Climate Change C ...
... What actions is Washington taking to reduce global warming? At present, the U.S. government is trailing both public opinion in the U.S. and many other world governments in addressing the climate-change problem. Nevertheless, there are some grounds for optimism. At the United Nations Climate Change C ...
Climate evolution in the last five centuries
... J ONES et al., 1998). Also, bore-hole temperature measurements have been shown to contain information of past surface temperatures, that can be retrieved by analyzing the current temperature profile up to about 500 m depth (H UANG et al., 2000). Many other continuous reconstructions of regional char ...
... J ONES et al., 1998). Also, bore-hole temperature measurements have been shown to contain information of past surface temperatures, that can be retrieved by analyzing the current temperature profile up to about 500 m depth (H UANG et al., 2000). Many other continuous reconstructions of regional char ...
Buddhist Contributions to Climate Response
... retreating rapidly, and thawing permafrost threatens to release unprecedented amounts of methane that would further accelerate climate change. With warmer days and nights now a global trend, growing seasons have shifted, encouraging pest migration into new forests and c ...
... retreating rapidly, and thawing permafrost threatens to release unprecedented amounts of methane that would further accelerate climate change. With warmer days and nights now a global trend, growing seasons have shifted, encouraging pest migration into new forests and c ...
Tuvalu and Climate Change in the Sydney Morning
... potentially problematic the framing of climate change impacts on atoll states such as Tuvalu in terms of vulnerability, highlighting loss of confidence in future sustainability by aid agencies, foreign investors, and atoll states themselves. The tension between global and non-global climate change i ...
... potentially problematic the framing of climate change impacts on atoll states such as Tuvalu in terms of vulnerability, highlighting loss of confidence in future sustainability by aid agencies, foreign investors, and atoll states themselves. The tension between global and non-global climate change i ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.