Adaptation Planning – What U.S. States and Localities are Doing
... a.Developing a statewide Climate Adaptation Strategy. A Draft was released August 3, 2009 for a 45-day public comment period. Coordinated by the Resources Agency, with four other state agencies and nine other departments, six Working Groups were organized to develop the Strategy: ...
... a.Developing a statewide Climate Adaptation Strategy. A Draft was released August 3, 2009 for a 45-day public comment period. Coordinated by the Resources Agency, with four other state agencies and nine other departments, six Working Groups were organized to develop the Strategy: ...
The Effects of Global Change upon United States Air Quality
... emission factor data (Guenther et al., 2012) were used. For the future decade, cropland ...
... emission factor data (Guenther et al., 2012) were used. For the future decade, cropland ...
Sea Ice–Albedo Feedback and Nonlinear Arctic Climate Change
... inducing a large and abrupt increase in surface temperature. The Arctic sea ice cover has been in decline since the 1950s [Vinnikov et al., 1999]. This decline is more pronounced in the summer, and recent years have produced striking record minima [Stroeve et al., 2005]. Some researchers have noted ...
... inducing a large and abrupt increase in surface temperature. The Arctic sea ice cover has been in decline since the 1950s [Vinnikov et al., 1999]. This decline is more pronounced in the summer, and recent years have produced striking record minima [Stroeve et al., 2005]. Some researchers have noted ...
Sample pages 2 PDF
... towards unearthing and documenting the experiences of the villagers to form recommendations that can be used by villagers who will experience similar relocation due to sea-level-rise. This research forms a key element to tackle the adverse impacts of climate change by proactively learning about clim ...
... towards unearthing and documenting the experiences of the villagers to form recommendations that can be used by villagers who will experience similar relocation due to sea-level-rise. This research forms a key element to tackle the adverse impacts of climate change by proactively learning about clim ...
Climate Resilient Floodplains
... Climate change was widely recognized as an issue that will affect floodplain management and planning activities in the Stillaguamish. In most cases, climate change was expected to exacerbate existing challenges associated with today’s extreme events (Table 1). For example, warmer summer temperatures ...
... Climate change was widely recognized as an issue that will affect floodplain management and planning activities in the Stillaguamish. In most cases, climate change was expected to exacerbate existing challenges associated with today’s extreme events (Table 1). For example, warmer summer temperatures ...
planned relocations, disasters and climate change
... requires people to step outside their comfort zones and to think in different ways. There is also an undercurrent of resistance to considering issues of planned relocations now out of a concern that doing so would take pressure off national and international actors to implement mitigation measures w ...
... requires people to step outside their comfort zones and to think in different ways. There is also an undercurrent of resistance to considering issues of planned relocations now out of a concern that doing so would take pressure off national and international actors to implement mitigation measures w ...
ENG - UN CC:Learn
... Circulation Models (RCM) are used with currently 50km resolution The projections are uncertain as it is a highly complex, inter-dependent web, with possible tipping points that we are not understanding yet Scenarios described in IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) used for projections ...
... Circulation Models (RCM) are used with currently 50km resolution The projections are uncertain as it is a highly complex, inter-dependent web, with possible tipping points that we are not understanding yet Scenarios described in IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) used for projections ...
Climate Change Impact Assessment 2010
... mitigate the potential impacts, and also developed a range of responses that could be considered in the future. The assessment found that overall, the SCA has a high degree of preparedness for many of the potential impacts of climate change. Water resource managers in Australia have historically had ...
... mitigate the potential impacts, and also developed a range of responses that could be considered in the future. The assessment found that overall, the SCA has a high degree of preparedness for many of the potential impacts of climate change. Water resource managers in Australia have historically had ...
The Economics of Climate Change in Brazil: Costs and
... research in the range of R$1 billion per year. Irrigation was also considered as an adaptation alternative, but with benefit-cost ratios generally lower. Energy. Extra capacity to generate between 162 TWh (25% of the domestic supply of electric energy in 2008) and 153 TWh per year (31% of the domest ...
... research in the range of R$1 billion per year. Irrigation was also considered as an adaptation alternative, but with benefit-cost ratios generally lower. Energy. Extra capacity to generate between 162 TWh (25% of the domestic supply of electric energy in 2008) and 153 TWh per year (31% of the domest ...
INTEGRATING CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION INTO
... IPCC AR5 uses four scenarios generated from global climate models ranging from unchanged trends in carbon emissions to significant reductions over the remainder of the twenty-first century. AR5 then assesses probability of outcomes for specific factors (such as temperature or sea level) related to t ...
... IPCC AR5 uses four scenarios generated from global climate models ranging from unchanged trends in carbon emissions to significant reductions over the remainder of the twenty-first century. AR5 then assesses probability of outcomes for specific factors (such as temperature or sea level) related to t ...
Abrupt climate change: can society cope?
... (Ganopolski & Rahmstorf 2001; Clark et al . 2002) and has shown how human-related greenhouse-gas emissions may potentially trigger such instabilities. Yet we remain a long way from understanding the full sensitivity of the system and hence a long way from attaching probabilities to such outcomes. Th ...
... (Ganopolski & Rahmstorf 2001; Clark et al . 2002) and has shown how human-related greenhouse-gas emissions may potentially trigger such instabilities. Yet we remain a long way from understanding the full sensitivity of the system and hence a long way from attaching probabilities to such outcomes. Th ...
Climate Change and Heat Deaths: Newest Estimates
... emission control policy (B1), or a business-as-usual option (A1F1). The AOGCM simulations were then developed using these carbon equivalent values. To account of any potential biases in the AOGCM scenario estimates, the values produced for the 1990s were compared to the actual data from that time pe ...
... emission control policy (B1), or a business-as-usual option (A1F1). The AOGCM simulations were then developed using these carbon equivalent values. To account of any potential biases in the AOGCM scenario estimates, the values produced for the 1990s were compared to the actual data from that time pe ...
simulated hydrologic responses to climate variations and change in
... small precipitation changes) and (b) to assess the role of greenhouse gases in those changes and in the historically anomalous character of California’s climate and streamflow regimes in the last few decades (Roos, 1991; Aguado et al., 1992; Wahl, 1992; Dettinger and Cayan, 1995; Cayan et al., 2001) ...
... small precipitation changes) and (b) to assess the role of greenhouse gases in those changes and in the historically anomalous character of California’s climate and streamflow regimes in the last few decades (Roos, 1991; Aguado et al., 1992; Wahl, 1992; Dettinger and Cayan, 1995; Cayan et al., 2001) ...
Climate and Air Quality - Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
... balance of these mechanisms is not well understood, and this implies uncertainties in predicting future changes, especially on time scales of centuries or longer. Burning fossil fuels, changes in land cover, increasing fertilizer use, and industrial emissions over the past two centuries have propell ...
... balance of these mechanisms is not well understood, and this implies uncertainties in predicting future changes, especially on time scales of centuries or longer. Burning fossil fuels, changes in land cover, increasing fertilizer use, and industrial emissions over the past two centuries have propell ...
Supplement
... NOx emissions and associated impacts on tropospheric ozone under climate change in these simulations. Inserted (P5, L25-27): "Emissions of NOx from lightning (LNOx) are parameterised as a function of cloud-top height (Price and Rind, 1992, 1994) and thus, can vary with changes in convection (Banerje ...
... NOx emissions and associated impacts on tropospheric ozone under climate change in these simulations. Inserted (P5, L25-27): "Emissions of NOx from lightning (LNOx) are parameterised as a function of cloud-top height (Price and Rind, 1992, 1994) and thus, can vary with changes in convection (Banerje ...
REPUBLIC REPUBLIC OF NAURU
... very limited funds available at the national level. At the regional level, Nauru is also involved in a relatively low but increasing number of adaptation projects and programmes and through the regional projects and programmes, some actions are being implemented on the ground that addresses the need ...
... very limited funds available at the national level. At the regional level, Nauru is also involved in a relatively low but increasing number of adaptation projects and programmes and through the regional projects and programmes, some actions are being implemented on the ground that addresses the need ...
LCARL362_en.pdf
... were also addressed at the conference. The issues discussed were of such importance that both the United Nations Millennium Summit (2000) and the General Assembly Twenty Special Session both recognized that the Barbados Plan of Action should be implemented swiftly (UN 2000). Also, there was a call t ...
... were also addressed at the conference. The issues discussed were of such importance that both the United Nations Millennium Summit (2000) and the General Assembly Twenty Special Session both recognized that the Barbados Plan of Action should be implemented swiftly (UN 2000). Also, there was a call t ...
Introduction – Predicting the magnitude of global climate change
... Following the Industrial Revolution, humans have increasingly relied on fossil fuels for power and transportation. Currently, about 80% of the world’s power is generated from fossil fuels (Bolin et al. 1986). While undoubtedly beneficial, combustion of fossil fuels produces carbon dioxide (CO2), nit ...
... Following the Industrial Revolution, humans have increasingly relied on fossil fuels for power and transportation. Currently, about 80% of the world’s power is generated from fossil fuels (Bolin et al. 1986). While undoubtedly beneficial, combustion of fossil fuels produces carbon dioxide (CO2), nit ...
Towards Adaptive Spatial Planning for Climate Change
... heterogeneous. The consequences of climate change depend heavily on the specific geographical context in which they become manifest. On the one hand climate change causes macro-effects with regard to sea-level rise and a general rise of temperature (global warming). On the other hand climate effects ...
... heterogeneous. The consequences of climate change depend heavily on the specific geographical context in which they become manifest. On the one hand climate change causes macro-effects with regard to sea-level rise and a general rise of temperature (global warming). On the other hand climate effects ...
Assessments of moisture fluxes east of the Andes in South America
... A2 and B2 of IPCC, respectively. However, these studies do not analyze the behaviour of the meridional moisture transport on the east side of the Andes in South America, associated with possible changes in the SALLJ activity. Marengo et al. (2007), using dynamic downscaling, showed an increase in th ...
... A2 and B2 of IPCC, respectively. However, these studies do not analyze the behaviour of the meridional moisture transport on the east side of the Andes in South America, associated with possible changes in the SALLJ activity. Marengo et al. (2007), using dynamic downscaling, showed an increase in th ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES CLIMATE ECONOMICS: A META-REVIEW AND SOME SUGGESTIONS Geoffrey Heal
... large collection in World Economics.1 And many of them were by very distinguished colleagues, so the Stern Review provoked not only quantity but quality too. What have we learned from all of this? Are there any emerging conclusions? In particular, what do we have to assume to make an economic case f ...
... large collection in World Economics.1 And many of them were by very distinguished colleagues, so the Stern Review provoked not only quantity but quality too. What have we learned from all of this? Are there any emerging conclusions? In particular, what do we have to assume to make an economic case f ...
2015 Issue - Northwest Climate Science Center
... By 2100, depending on the local terrain, sea levels along the Northwest coast will rise by anywhere from less than half a meter (1.5 feet) to as much as one-anda-half meters (4.5 feet), according to current research. This means that by century’s end, the Pacific is likely to inundate the coast by as ...
... By 2100, depending on the local terrain, sea levels along the Northwest coast will rise by anywhere from less than half a meter (1.5 feet) to as much as one-anda-half meters (4.5 feet), according to current research. This means that by century’s end, the Pacific is likely to inundate the coast by as ...
Historical Overview of Climate Change Science
... clears aerosols out of the atmosphere in a week or two, but when material from a violent volcanic eruption is projected far above the highest cloud, these aerosols typically influence the climate for about a year or two before falling into the troposphere and being carried to the surface by precipit ...
... clears aerosols out of the atmosphere in a week or two, but when material from a violent volcanic eruption is projected far above the highest cloud, these aerosols typically influence the climate for about a year or two before falling into the troposphere and being carried to the surface by precipit ...
FOR PARTICIPANTS ONLY MPDD/CSN/HLAPPD/APOA/2013 ENGLISH ONLY
... people and assets are exposed to weather extremes, even without climate change. It concludes that climate extremes will play an increasingly significant role in disaster impacts and highlights the need to improve existing risk management measures. Table 1 summarises the main climate related vulnerab ...
... people and assets are exposed to weather extremes, even without climate change. It concludes that climate extremes will play an increasingly significant role in disaster impacts and highlights the need to improve existing risk management measures. Table 1 summarises the main climate related vulnerab ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.