Climate: Observations, projections and impacts: South Korea
... Between 1960 and 2003, warm days and nights have become more frequent while cool days and nights have become less frequent across the region. There has been a general increase in summer temperatures averaged over the country as a result of human influence on climate, making the occurrence of warm su ...
... Between 1960 and 2003, warm days and nights have become more frequent while cool days and nights have become less frequent across the region. There has been a general increase in summer temperatures averaged over the country as a result of human influence on climate, making the occurrence of warm su ...
Pastoralism as a tool for mitigating climate change
... The adaptive capacity of pastoralists is what has made them so resilient throughout history and has enabled them to sustainably exploit their natural environment. Their adaptive management skills have enabled pastoralists to create and maintain biodiversity in many environments of extraordinary nat ...
... The adaptive capacity of pastoralists is what has made them so resilient throughout history and has enabled them to sustainably exploit their natural environment. Their adaptive management skills have enabled pastoralists to create and maintain biodiversity in many environments of extraordinary nat ...
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... processes for survival within their particular environments, they may be susceptible even to small changes in these conditions. Warrick, et al. (1986) point out that there basically are two ways in which ecosystems can be affected by increased levels of CO2 in the atmosphere. The first is a direct f ...
... processes for survival within their particular environments, they may be susceptible even to small changes in these conditions. Warrick, et al. (1986) point out that there basically are two ways in which ecosystems can be affected by increased levels of CO2 in the atmosphere. The first is a direct f ...
Hydrologic response of a Hawaiian watershed to future climate
... The impact of potential future climate change scenarios on streamflow and evapotranspiration (ET) in a mountainous Hawaii watershed was studied using the distributed hydrology soil vegetation model (DHSVM). The hydrologic response of the watershed was simulated for 43 years for different levels of at ...
... The impact of potential future climate change scenarios on streamflow and evapotranspiration (ET) in a mountainous Hawaii watershed was studied using the distributed hydrology soil vegetation model (DHSVM). The hydrologic response of the watershed was simulated for 43 years for different levels of at ...
Two Decades of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning
... The emphasis in this paper is on the need to understand the flow and variability throughout the entire Atlantic Ocean; specific regional discussions are omitted. Nonetheless, note that the Rapid Climate Change (RAPID) array (Rayner et al. 2011) uniquely spans the North Atlantic at 26.58N and provide ...
... The emphasis in this paper is on the need to understand the flow and variability throughout the entire Atlantic Ocean; specific regional discussions are omitted. Nonetheless, note that the Rapid Climate Change (RAPID) array (Rayner et al. 2011) uniquely spans the North Atlantic at 26.58N and provide ...
Coral Reef Monitoring for Climate Change Impact Assessment and
... sediment runoff from unregulated landuse identifies small island states as among the practices, and habitat destruction are some of locations most vulnerable to the potential the anthropogenic factors contributing to the adverse effects of climate change and sea-level decline of coastal ecosystems. ...
... sediment runoff from unregulated landuse identifies small island states as among the practices, and habitat destruction are some of locations most vulnerable to the potential the anthropogenic factors contributing to the adverse effects of climate change and sea-level decline of coastal ecosystems. ...
Impacts of climate change on Australian marine life
... David Milton, Nadia Engstrom, Ove Hoegh-Guldberg, and Richard Matear. We thank Gina Newton and Anna van Dugteren from the Australian Greenhouse Office for their helpful comments and advice on improving the report. Our appreciation to Lisa Albinsson, Sue Blackburn, Gustaaf Hallegraeff, Tony Koslow an ...
... David Milton, Nadia Engstrom, Ove Hoegh-Guldberg, and Richard Matear. We thank Gina Newton and Anna van Dugteren from the Australian Greenhouse Office for their helpful comments and advice on improving the report. Our appreciation to Lisa Albinsson, Sue Blackburn, Gustaaf Hallegraeff, Tony Koslow an ...
A Preliminary Assessment of Ecosystem Vulnerability to Climate
... eleven of them were between 1995 and 2006, and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has very high confidence this is a result of anthropogenic activities (IPCC, 2007). Future scenarios predict global temperature to rise between 1.8 ºC and 4.0 ºC in the next ninety years. Because climate is ...
... eleven of them were between 1995 and 2006, and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has very high confidence this is a result of anthropogenic activities (IPCC, 2007). Future scenarios predict global temperature to rise between 1.8 ºC and 4.0 ºC in the next ninety years. Because climate is ...
Explaining Media and Congressional Attention to Global Climate
... For both Kingdon and Jones and Baumgartner, one factor that may increase attention to a problem is the changing factual indicators surrounding the problem. Problem indicators may come in various shapes, sizes, formats, and from multiple sources. Some indicators may come from direct experience (payin ...
... For both Kingdon and Jones and Baumgartner, one factor that may increase attention to a problem is the changing factual indicators surrounding the problem. Problem indicators may come in various shapes, sizes, formats, and from multiple sources. Some indicators may come from direct experience (payin ...
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... wants to learn about. As the aim is to find out whether there are changes in the trend, or in the volatility of yields over time, assumptions on the nature of the trend and on the distribution of deviations have to be made. Statistical tests with fitted linear, quadratic, 3rd order polynomial, and e ...
... wants to learn about. As the aim is to find out whether there are changes in the trend, or in the volatility of yields over time, assumptions on the nature of the trend and on the distribution of deviations have to be made. Statistical tests with fitted linear, quadratic, 3rd order polynomial, and e ...
CHAPTER 3: Climate for Change? Civil Society and the Politics of Global Warming
... organisations can be found in other countries – especially where there is a strong environmental movement. Overall, three kinds of anti-environmentalist civil society can be identified. First, established think tanks and policy institutes have adopted stances against climate change environmentalism. ...
... organisations can be found in other countries – especially where there is a strong environmental movement. Overall, three kinds of anti-environmentalist civil society can be identified. First, established think tanks and policy institutes have adopted stances against climate change environmentalism. ...
When Science and Ideology Collide: Explaining
... this alternative hypothesis by assessing the interactive effects of news reception on global warming opinions before elites became so sharply divided about climate change science in the United States. If, as the prior hypotheses suggest, reception of elite discourse is responsible for the unique po ...
... this alternative hypothesis by assessing the interactive effects of news reception on global warming opinions before elites became so sharply divided about climate change science in the United States. If, as the prior hypotheses suggest, reception of elite discourse is responsible for the unique po ...
Climate change in the Netherlands
... four KNMI’06 scenarios together describe the most likely changes in the Netherlands, including associated uncertainties. This conclusion emerges from an evaluation of research from the past few years, in which specific attention has been paid to the consequences for climate change in our region. Imp ...
... four KNMI’06 scenarios together describe the most likely changes in the Netherlands, including associated uncertainties. This conclusion emerges from an evaluation of research from the past few years, in which specific attention has been paid to the consequences for climate change in our region. Imp ...
COP15 side event
... • Favour adaptation strategies which will yield benefits (for other, less uncertain, policy concerns) regardless of whether or not climate impacts will occur. ...
... • Favour adaptation strategies which will yield benefits (for other, less uncertain, policy concerns) regardless of whether or not climate impacts will occur. ...
Advancing adaptation through climate information services
... they usually spoke about reducing greenhouse gas emissions. While the reasons for focusing on climate change mitigation are manifold and convincing, it appears true that the urgent need to seriously think about, and take action on, adapting to climate change has been somewhat neglected. The relation ...
... they usually spoke about reducing greenhouse gas emissions. While the reasons for focusing on climate change mitigation are manifold and convincing, it appears true that the urgent need to seriously think about, and take action on, adapting to climate change has been somewhat neglected. The relation ...
the Measurement Problem Advances Pol. Psych. (forthcoming) PRELIMINARY DRAFT
... the probability of getting the right answer is relatively close to 50% at both one standard deviation below and one standard deviation above the OSI mean, as well as at every point in between. The relative unre- ...
... the probability of getting the right answer is relatively close to 50% at both one standard deviation below and one standard deviation above the OSI mean, as well as at every point in between. The relative unre- ...
economics of climate change: sensitivity analysis of social cost
... during the last twenty years. The earliest published estimate of the costs and benefits of carbon emissions is a 1977 paper by Yale University economist William Nordhaus (1977). Nordhaus estimated “shadow prices” for carbon dioxide at 20year intervals from 1980 to 2160 for different emission scenari ...
... during the last twenty years. The earliest published estimate of the costs and benefits of carbon emissions is a 1977 paper by Yale University economist William Nordhaus (1977). Nordhaus estimated “shadow prices” for carbon dioxide at 20year intervals from 1980 to 2160 for different emission scenari ...
Adapting to the Impacts of Climate Change in Berlin – AFOK
... Since we cannot predict the future climate, we have to assess it based upon climate models. Currently there is a multitude of them, each endowed with specific strengths and weaknesses. There is no way to tell with certainty today which one will have been the one that has predicted the future correct ...
... Since we cannot predict the future climate, we have to assess it based upon climate models. Currently there is a multitude of them, each endowed with specific strengths and weaknesses. There is no way to tell with certainty today which one will have been the one that has predicted the future correct ...
- UNDP Climate Change Adaptation
... than global mitigation for least developed countries such as the Maldives as well as other small island developing states. Biermann and Boas (2008) estimate that by 2050 more than 200 million people could lose their homes due to climate change. By 2080 increased storm surges could affect 103 million ...
... than global mitigation for least developed countries such as the Maldives as well as other small island developing states. Biermann and Boas (2008) estimate that by 2050 more than 200 million people could lose their homes due to climate change. By 2080 increased storm surges could affect 103 million ...
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... variables were excluded on the grounds either that prices did not vary in their single-year cross-section for specific commodities or that transport-related differentials would continue in the future, and that technology was “equally” accessible to all farmers in the United States; obviously this pr ...
... variables were excluded on the grounds either that prices did not vary in their single-year cross-section for specific commodities or that transport-related differentials would continue in the future, and that technology was “equally” accessible to all farmers in the United States; obviously this pr ...
CLIMATE VARIABILITY AND CHANGE IN THE SOUTHWEST
... Southwest U.S. Change Detection Images: Reno and Lake Tahoe, Nevada by Kristi Sayler A Method for Deriving Phenological Metrics from Satellite Data, Colorado 1991-1995 by Bradley C. Reed with Kristi Sayler Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Program by Richard L. Reynolds Monitoring Climate and Veg ...
... Southwest U.S. Change Detection Images: Reno and Lake Tahoe, Nevada by Kristi Sayler A Method for Deriving Phenological Metrics from Satellite Data, Colorado 1991-1995 by Bradley C. Reed with Kristi Sayler Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Program by Richard L. Reynolds Monitoring Climate and Veg ...
674_0 - Global Environment Facility
... The above facts explain the economic dependency of Kiribati on the global economy and on development partner countries. Kiribati economic situation means that Kiribati is unable to divert any resources to meet incremental costs of climate change impacting on its natural environment and economy. Kiri ...
... The above facts explain the economic dependency of Kiribati on the global economy and on development partner countries. Kiribati economic situation means that Kiribati is unable to divert any resources to meet incremental costs of climate change impacting on its natural environment and economy. Kiri ...
Modelling risk based cost analysis of port adaptation measures to
... range of techniques and approaches. Risk assessment decision making frameworks generally consist of risk assessment, option identification, and appraisal of the options before implementation, monitoring and review. Climate change research is an ongoing iterative process and the objective of any anal ...
... range of techniques and approaches. Risk assessment decision making frameworks generally consist of risk assessment, option identification, and appraisal of the options before implementation, monitoring and review. Climate change research is an ongoing iterative process and the objective of any anal ...
Climate variability, ecological gradient and the Northeast China
... Human activities are adding a new dimension to the climate of the earth (IPCC, 1996) and also to the NECT. The release of greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the atmosphere is threatening to have large effects on both the temperature and precipitation regime of the NECT, which may in turn influence human u ...
... Human activities are adding a new dimension to the climate of the earth (IPCC, 1996) and also to the NECT. The release of greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the atmosphere is threatening to have large effects on both the temperature and precipitation regime of the NECT, which may in turn influence human u ...
iprc climate vol14 no1
... the USA, fully 25% of the species on the US government’s official endangered list are found only in Hawai‘i. Climate change in Hawai‘i will threaten habitats and perturb island ecosystems, not only on land, but also along the coastline and in the surrounding ocean. The latter will be further stresse ...
... the USA, fully 25% of the species on the US government’s official endangered list are found only in Hawai‘i. Climate change in Hawai‘i will threaten habitats and perturb island ecosystems, not only on land, but also along the coastline and in the surrounding ocean. The latter will be further stresse ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.