Attribution of extreme weather and climate
... Extreme weather and climate-related events occur in a particular place, by definition, infrequently. It is therefore challenging to detect systematic changes in their occurrence given the relative shortness of observational records. However, there is a clear interest from outside the climate science ...
... Extreme weather and climate-related events occur in a particular place, by definition, infrequently. It is therefore challenging to detect systematic changes in their occurrence given the relative shortness of observational records. However, there is a clear interest from outside the climate science ...
Incorporating climate change and growth into the post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction (opens in new window)
... Risk is characterised by three components. The hazard describes the physical characteristics of the peril (e.g. its frequency and severity). The vulnerability is determined by the circumstances of a community, system or asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a periliii. Finally, ...
... Risk is characterised by three components. The hazard describes the physical characteristics of the peril (e.g. its frequency and severity). The vulnerability is determined by the circumstances of a community, system or asset that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a periliii. Finally, ...
nd-gain_technical_document_2015_do_not_print
... Yellow (Lower Left) Quadrant: Countries with a low level of readiness but also a low level of vulnerability to climate change. Though their vulnerability may be relatively low, their adaptation may lag due to lower readiness. Blue (Upper Right) Quadrant: Countries with a high level of vulnerability ...
... Yellow (Lower Left) Quadrant: Countries with a low level of readiness but also a low level of vulnerability to climate change. Though their vulnerability may be relatively low, their adaptation may lag due to lower readiness. Blue (Upper Right) Quadrant: Countries with a high level of vulnerability ...
Projected effects of climate change on water supply reliability in Mid
... Executive Summary This project report provides estimates of the potential effects of climate change on weather elements (e.g. daily rain, temperature), mean daily river flows, irrigation water demand and water supply reliability for one catchment and associated irrigated area (Rangitata River in C ...
... Executive Summary This project report provides estimates of the potential effects of climate change on weather elements (e.g. daily rain, temperature), mean daily river flows, irrigation water demand and water supply reliability for one catchment and associated irrigated area (Rangitata River in C ...
Hydrological Climate Change Impact Assessment at Small and
... resources. Global warming is expected to affect the hydrological cycle in different ways. Some of the expected hydrological change is attributed to precipitation changes, e.g., regional redistribution caused by modified tracks of cyclones and storms as well as higher extreme intensities in a warmer ...
... resources. Global warming is expected to affect the hydrological cycle in different ways. Some of the expected hydrological change is attributed to precipitation changes, e.g., regional redistribution caused by modified tracks of cyclones and storms as well as higher extreme intensities in a warmer ...
Coffee and Climate Change
... more extremes in the climate. Laderach et al 2010 discuss the adaptation options in the face of climate change. Although suitability mapping indicate that there is potential for coffee to move higher to altitudes that are still suitable for coffee there may be other restrictions to this occurring. F ...
... more extremes in the climate. Laderach et al 2010 discuss the adaptation options in the face of climate change. Although suitability mapping indicate that there is potential for coffee to move higher to altitudes that are still suitable for coffee there may be other restrictions to this occurring. F ...
Climate change and marine plankton Graeme C. Hays , Anthony J. Richardson
... must strive to understand how a changing climate (the weather averaged over a long period of time) will affect the biota not only in terrestrial systems, but also in marine environments [1]. Oceans have a major role in the global carbon cycle and so directly impact the pace and extent of climate cha ...
... must strive to understand how a changing climate (the weather averaged over a long period of time) will affect the biota not only in terrestrial systems, but also in marine environments [1]. Oceans have a major role in the global carbon cycle and so directly impact the pace and extent of climate cha ...
Climate change and marine plankton
... must strive to understand how a changing climate (the weather averaged over a long period of time) will affect the biota not only in terrestrial systems, but also in marine environments [1]. Oceans have a major role in the global carbon cycle and so directly impact the pace and extent of climate cha ...
... must strive to understand how a changing climate (the weather averaged over a long period of time) will affect the biota not only in terrestrial systems, but also in marine environments [1]. Oceans have a major role in the global carbon cycle and so directly impact the pace and extent of climate cha ...
Seattle City Light Climate Change Analysis - CSES
... model using boundary conditions from 1) the Max Plank Institute, Hamburg, global model (ECHAM5) and 2) the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Climate System Model (CCSM3). The first sim ...
... model using boundary conditions from 1) the Max Plank Institute, Hamburg, global model (ECHAM5) and 2) the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Climate System Model (CCSM3). The first sim ...
Reliable Science: Overcoming Public Doubts in the Climate Change
... the Atlantic Ocean a few weeks later." In complex systems, the slightest variation in initial conditions can create large deviations in future system conditions over time, and not necessarily in predictable ways.3 6 The controversy about whether the science can support conclusions about the impact o ...
... the Atlantic Ocean a few weeks later." In complex systems, the slightest variation in initial conditions can create large deviations in future system conditions over time, and not necessarily in predictable ways.3 6 The controversy about whether the science can support conclusions about the impact o ...
Impact of climate change on freshwater ecosystems: a global
... High Plains Aquifer in the USA, all of them with extensive irrigation, are expected to be less affected by climate change than by past anthropogenic flow alterations. In some of these regions, climate change will exacerbate the discharge reductions, while in others climate change provides opportunit ...
... High Plains Aquifer in the USA, all of them with extensive irrigation, are expected to be less affected by climate change than by past anthropogenic flow alterations. In some of these regions, climate change will exacerbate the discharge reductions, while in others climate change provides opportunit ...
Does climate adaptation policy need probabilities?
... in the IPCC TAR. They grouped methods for estimating likelihood into model-based and expert elicitationbased, though overlap was acknowledged. Noting that expert judgement was widely used in the TAR, Reilly et al. (2001) criticized the lack of documentation on how judgements were reached or whose es ...
... in the IPCC TAR. They grouped methods for estimating likelihood into model-based and expert elicitationbased, though overlap was acknowledged. Noting that expert judgement was widely used in the TAR, Reilly et al. (2001) criticized the lack of documentation on how judgements were reached or whose es ...
Relationship between climate change and the full and effective
... Special legislation and policies were also important to address climate impacts. Namibia’s Disaster Risk Management Act established coordinated approaches to reduce the risk of disasters, mitigate their effects, increase preparedness, and implement effective postdisaster recovery. The National Clima ...
... Special legislation and policies were also important to address climate impacts. Namibia’s Disaster Risk Management Act established coordinated approaches to reduce the risk of disasters, mitigate their effects, increase preparedness, and implement effective postdisaster recovery. The National Clima ...
A Question of Equilibrium
... private communication Richard Betts says: “The feedbacks do indeed have implications for our ability to stabilise at 2ºC above pre-industrial (or indeed any level)”. Aubrey Meyer asserts: “The most important set of issues in this area concern feedbacks. There are …a number that are positive and capa ...
... private communication Richard Betts says: “The feedbacks do indeed have implications for our ability to stabilise at 2ºC above pre-industrial (or indeed any level)”. Aubrey Meyer asserts: “The most important set of issues in this area concern feedbacks. There are …a number that are positive and capa ...
S08-2 Mistimed reproduction due to global climate change
... early laying great tits will produce more recruits in the following year than late laying birds. For the Hoge Veluwe great tits, there is a clear decrease in selection differentials for laying date (Fig. 2; Visser et al., 1998). In the early years of the study, there was no directional selection (se ...
... early laying great tits will produce more recruits in the following year than late laying birds. For the Hoge Veluwe great tits, there is a clear decrease in selection differentials for laying date (Fig. 2; Visser et al., 1998). In the early years of the study, there was no directional selection (se ...
www.fni.no
... environmental problem has much to say about the ways in which the problem will be addressed. To illustrate with a more international example, Demeritt (2001, p. 328) points to some of the prevailing ideas in the scientific construction of global warming that give us an indication of how climate chang ...
... environmental problem has much to say about the ways in which the problem will be addressed. To illustrate with a more international example, Demeritt (2001, p. 328) points to some of the prevailing ideas in the scientific construction of global warming that give us an indication of how climate chang ...
On the relationship between metrics to compare greenhouse gases
... that the relative difference between IGTP and GWP increases with increasing rates of ocean heat uptake and increasing climate sensitivity since these changes increase the inertia of the climate system. Furthermore, it is shown that IGTP is equivalent to the sustained global temperature change potent ...
... that the relative difference between IGTP and GWP increases with increasing rates of ocean heat uptake and increasing climate sensitivity since these changes increase the inertia of the climate system. Furthermore, it is shown that IGTP is equivalent to the sustained global temperature change potent ...
Climate Change in the Wet Tropics
... stream flows will have ecological impacts and will also reduce the amount of water available for irrigation and urban water supply. Climate change will also compromise other environmental goods and services. For example, if the loss of rainforest values becomes obvious, the Area may become less attr ...
... stream flows will have ecological impacts and will also reduce the amount of water available for irrigation and urban water supply. Climate change will also compromise other environmental goods and services. For example, if the loss of rainforest values becomes obvious, the Area may become less attr ...
Seager and Battisti, 2007
... the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) with coupled GCMs have become commonplace (Shin et al. 2003, Hewitt et al. 2003). As suggested by Ruddiman and McIntyre (1981), it is probably a solar radiation distribution that allows increased winter export of tropical moisture into higher latitudes, there to fall a ...
... the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) with coupled GCMs have become commonplace (Shin et al. 2003, Hewitt et al. 2003). As suggested by Ruddiman and McIntyre (1981), it is probably a solar radiation distribution that allows increased winter export of tropical moisture into higher latitudes, there to fall a ...
Antagonism, The Commons and Solidarity
... Copenhagen were important because of the emergence, within the discourse of climate justice of three co-constitutive tendencies – antagonism, the common(s), and solidarity. In this paper we will argue that these are important because they pose direct challenges to the de-politicization of climate ch ...
... Copenhagen were important because of the emergence, within the discourse of climate justice of three co-constitutive tendencies – antagonism, the common(s), and solidarity. In this paper we will argue that these are important because they pose direct challenges to the de-politicization of climate ch ...
Climate change and forced migration
... shoreline erosion, coastal flooding and agricultural disruption. Since then various analysts have tried to put numbers on future flows of climate migrants (sometimes called ‘climate refugees’)—the most widely repeated prediction being 200 million forced climate migrants by 2050. But repetition does ...
... shoreline erosion, coastal flooding and agricultural disruption. Since then various analysts have tried to put numbers on future flows of climate migrants (sometimes called ‘climate refugees’)—the most widely repeated prediction being 200 million forced climate migrants by 2050. But repetition does ...
Adapting to a changing climate
... However, with rapid warming (+ 1°C by AD 2040) and decreased rainfall in eastern regions being predicted for the future (Mullan et al. 2008), a more obvious response to climate change from biodiversity seems likely in the long term (McGlone & Walker 2011). Predicting the direct responses of terrestr ...
... However, with rapid warming (+ 1°C by AD 2040) and decreased rainfall in eastern regions being predicted for the future (Mullan et al. 2008), a more obvious response to climate change from biodiversity seems likely in the long term (McGlone & Walker 2011). Predicting the direct responses of terrestr ...
Quantifying Intensive and extensive margin adaptation responses to
... sole source of energy used for cooling.1 The increased demand for electricity due to a higher demand for cooling is expected to be significant - especially during peak times (e.g., Hayhoe et al. 2010; Miller et al. 2008). In previous work (Aroonruengsawat and Auffhammer 2012 [hereafter AA]), have sh ...
... sole source of energy used for cooling.1 The increased demand for electricity due to a higher demand for cooling is expected to be significant - especially during peak times (e.g., Hayhoe et al. 2010; Miller et al. 2008). In previous work (Aroonruengsawat and Auffhammer 2012 [hereafter AA]), have sh ...
Perspectives on Canada`s West Coast region
... Changing precipitation patterns will affect summer water availability and the timing of salmon runs in some watersheds. Winter precipitation is expected to increase overall, with more falling as rain and less as snow. Less precipitation is expected during the summer and this, combined with reduce ...
... Changing precipitation patterns will affect summer water availability and the timing of salmon runs in some watersheds. Winter precipitation is expected to increase overall, with more falling as rain and less as snow. Less precipitation is expected during the summer and this, combined with reduce ...
Effects of global warming
The effects of global warming are the environmental and social changes caused (directly or indirectly) by human emissions of greenhouse gases. There is a scientific consensus that climate change is occurring, and that human activities are the primary driver. Many impacts of climate change have already been observed, including glacier retreat, changes in the timing of seasonal events (e.g., earlier flowering of plants), and changes in agricultural productivity.Future effects of climate change will vary depending on climate change policies and social development. The two main policies to address climate change are reducing human greenhouse gas emissions (climate change mitigation) and adapting to the impacts of climate change. Geoengineering is another policy option.Near-term climate change policies could significantly affect long-term climate change impacts. Stringent mitigation policies might be able to limit global warming (in 2100) to around 2 °C or below, relative to pre-industrial levels. Without mitigation, increased energy demand and extensive use of fossil fuels might lead to global warming of around 4 °C. Higher magnitudes of global warming would be more difficult to adapt to, and would increase the risk of negative impacts.