Genetic Markers of E. coli
... Overproduction of the lac repressor protein Leads to high levels of the lac repressor protein, inhibiting transcription from the lac promoter. lacY Galactoside permease mutation Blocks lactose utilization. lacZ∆M15 Partial deletion of β-d-galactosidase gene Allows complementation of β-galactosidase ...
... Overproduction of the lac repressor protein Leads to high levels of the lac repressor protein, inhibiting transcription from the lac promoter. lacY Galactoside permease mutation Blocks lactose utilization. lacZ∆M15 Partial deletion of β-d-galactosidase gene Allows complementation of β-galactosidase ...
Topic 3 The chemistry of life
... the reactions may occur faster. Enzymes are organic catalysts. They are proteins. The amino acids that make up these enzymes allow a tertiary and/or quaternary structure. Because each enzyme has a specific amino acid sequence, enzymes have a specific three-dimensional shape. The molecule an enzy ...
... the reactions may occur faster. Enzymes are organic catalysts. They are proteins. The amino acids that make up these enzymes allow a tertiary and/or quaternary structure. Because each enzyme has a specific amino acid sequence, enzymes have a specific three-dimensional shape. The molecule an enzy ...
Topic 3 The chemistry of life
... the reactions may occur faster. Enzymes are organic catalysts. They are proteins. The amino acids that make up these enzymes allow a tertiary and/or quaternary structure. Because each enzyme has a specific amino acid sequence, enzymes have a specific three-dimensional shape. The molecule an enzy ...
... the reactions may occur faster. Enzymes are organic catalysts. They are proteins. The amino acids that make up these enzymes allow a tertiary and/or quaternary structure. Because each enzyme has a specific amino acid sequence, enzymes have a specific three-dimensional shape. The molecule an enzy ...
Document
... Early copper miners used microbes to leach copper from ore without even knowing it Low-grade ore and mine tailings are exploited biologically Sulfides of metals like zinc, copper, nickel, cobalt, iron, tungsten, lead are insoluble in water These sulfides are converted to sulfate which are soluble Th ...
... Early copper miners used microbes to leach copper from ore without even knowing it Low-grade ore and mine tailings are exploited biologically Sulfides of metals like zinc, copper, nickel, cobalt, iron, tungsten, lead are insoluble in water These sulfides are converted to sulfate which are soluble Th ...
Health consequences of adult hypolactasia
... The culture historical hypothesis The selection pressure for cultures that relied on milk as a main nutritional source for lactose tolerance was very high. Individuals with lactase persistence were able to use all the nutrients of milk, therefore, they were stronger, better equipped to survive and p ...
... The culture historical hypothesis The selection pressure for cultures that relied on milk as a main nutritional source for lactose tolerance was very high. Individuals with lactase persistence were able to use all the nutrients of milk, therefore, they were stronger, better equipped to survive and p ...
A Comparative Genomic Method for Computational
... Availability of complete genomes of related bacteria allows comparative analysis of regulatory patterns (gene number, content, and order in groups of organisms) Conservation of candidate DnaA binding sites across species is additional evidence of regulatory functionality If a regulator is conserved ...
... Availability of complete genomes of related bacteria allows comparative analysis of regulatory patterns (gene number, content, and order in groups of organisms) Conservation of candidate DnaA binding sites across species is additional evidence of regulatory functionality If a regulator is conserved ...
1- Glycolysis
... 3- To prevent the loss of the other three-carbon unit, triose phosphate isomerase catalyses the interconversion of DHAP & G3P. Because of this reaction, the original molecule of glucose has now been converted to two molecules of G3P. ...
... 3- To prevent the loss of the other three-carbon unit, triose phosphate isomerase catalyses the interconversion of DHAP & G3P. Because of this reaction, the original molecule of glucose has now been converted to two molecules of G3P. ...
Insulin and glucose uptake in muscle and adipose tissue
... containing two chains of amino acids linked by disulfide bridges • It is synthesized as a part of larger preprohormone in the rough ER of the β-cells of Langerhans islets in pancreas • Preproinsulin is processed and proinsulin is formed • Then proinsulin is cleaved internally at two sides to yield i ...
... containing two chains of amino acids linked by disulfide bridges • It is synthesized as a part of larger preprohormone in the rough ER of the β-cells of Langerhans islets in pancreas • Preproinsulin is processed and proinsulin is formed • Then proinsulin is cleaved internally at two sides to yield i ...
Lab Practical 2 Review
... 2. Know why mannitol sugar is both selective and differential: -‐ This medium contains a high concentration of salt, inhibiting growth of most bacteria, but allowing salt-‐tolerant staphylococci (halophiles) t ...
... 2. Know why mannitol sugar is both selective and differential: -‐ This medium contains a high concentration of salt, inhibiting growth of most bacteria, but allowing salt-‐tolerant staphylococci (halophiles) t ...
Genes & Inheritance Series: Set 3 Copyright © 2005 Version: 2.0
... Cells need to control the rate and frequency of protein synthesis. These controls often occur at transcription. Sometimes genes are induced (and therefore transcribed) only when an enzyme product is required to catalyze reactions that may occur infrequently, e.g. use of a particular substrate that i ...
... Cells need to control the rate and frequency of protein synthesis. These controls often occur at transcription. Sometimes genes are induced (and therefore transcribed) only when an enzyme product is required to catalyze reactions that may occur infrequently, e.g. use of a particular substrate that i ...
... Acyl-CoA binding protein(ACBP) is highly conserved and considered to be the primary intracellular acyl-CoA binding protein, with molecular masses of 9-10 kDa cytosolic protein and consists of 86–103 amino acids[1, 2, 3]. ACBP was first isolated from rat brain and was named diazepam-binding inhibitor ...
printed handout sheets
... raised blood glucose, although there are many other stimuli. 4. Insulin reduces glucose output from the liver, and promotes glucose uptake and metabolism by most tissues other than brain and red cells, thereby returning blood glucose to the target value near 5mM. It has numerous other actions on fat ...
... raised blood glucose, although there are many other stimuli. 4. Insulin reduces glucose output from the liver, and promotes glucose uptake and metabolism by most tissues other than brain and red cells, thereby returning blood glucose to the target value near 5mM. It has numerous other actions on fat ...
Glucose + 2 NAD+ + 4 ADP + 2 GDP + 6 P Glucose + 2 NAD+ + 4
... In general, carbohydrate use increases with increasing intensity and falls with increasing duration of an activity. Fats are used for lower – intensity exercise. Glycogen stores are finite, and inevitably become depleted during long continuous exercise lasting in excess of 70-92 minutes (the more in ...
... In general, carbohydrate use increases with increasing intensity and falls with increasing duration of an activity. Fats are used for lower – intensity exercise. Glycogen stores are finite, and inevitably become depleted during long continuous exercise lasting in excess of 70-92 minutes (the more in ...
Team Hockey: Glucose and ATP
... • Uses glucose to create energy molecules (ATP, NADH) • Makes Pyruvate for Citric Acid Cycle (part of aerobic respiration). • Produces 6-carbon and 3-carbon intermediate compounds (used for many purposes). ...
... • Uses glucose to create energy molecules (ATP, NADH) • Makes Pyruvate for Citric Acid Cycle (part of aerobic respiration). • Produces 6-carbon and 3-carbon intermediate compounds (used for many purposes). ...
Reliable transfer of transcriptional gene regulatory networks
... general level, the workflow is depicted in figure 1. An integrated database system is used for data fusion of annotated nucleotide and amino acid sequences together with evidenced transcriptional regulatory relationships and corresponding sequence features. By having all required data at hand we can ...
... general level, the workflow is depicted in figure 1. An integrated database system is used for data fusion of annotated nucleotide and amino acid sequences together with evidenced transcriptional regulatory relationships and corresponding sequence features. By having all required data at hand we can ...
Supplemental Material
... pSwtRlacZwhiteRz. The choice of these five amino acid residues is based on the published structure of E. coli -gal (JUERS et al. 2001), in which these five amino acid residues seem to contribute to the formation of dimer and tetramer of -gal, which is essential for its activity. We predicted tha ...
... pSwtRlacZwhiteRz. The choice of these five amino acid residues is based on the published structure of E. coli -gal (JUERS et al. 2001), in which these five amino acid residues seem to contribute to the formation of dimer and tetramer of -gal, which is essential for its activity. We predicted tha ...
Ch 26 Notes
... Then, by beta oxidation, cleaves the A's into 2C fragments and attaches them to CoA to form Acetyl CoA for Kreb’s cycle, or converts 2Acetyl CoA’s to acetoacetic acid & then to beta-hydroxybutyric acid and acetone [all 3 are called ketone bodies] Too much acidosis Proteins Protein metabolism Amino ...
... Then, by beta oxidation, cleaves the A's into 2C fragments and attaches them to CoA to form Acetyl CoA for Kreb’s cycle, or converts 2Acetyl CoA’s to acetoacetic acid & then to beta-hydroxybutyric acid and acetone [all 3 are called ketone bodies] Too much acidosis Proteins Protein metabolism Amino ...
Chapter 16 Glycolysis Control of glycolytic pathway
... Sucrase hydrolyzes sucrose, whereas lactase cleaves lactose. ...
... Sucrase hydrolyzes sucrose, whereas lactase cleaves lactose. ...
frame-shift mutation
... Barry’s Choice • Another way to think about it: – If I go to the grocery store, would it be worthwhile for me to buy a year’s worth of groceries all at once? • Imagine one year’s worth of produce, bread, ice cream, et cetera… ...
... Barry’s Choice • Another way to think about it: – If I go to the grocery store, would it be worthwhile for me to buy a year’s worth of groceries all at once? • Imagine one year’s worth of produce, bread, ice cream, et cetera… ...
Today is Wednesday, February 3rd, 2010
... Barry’s Choice • Another way to think about it: – If I go to the grocery store, would it be worthwhile for me to buy a year’s worth of groceries all at once? • Imagine one year’s worth of produce, bread, ice cream, et cetera… ...
... Barry’s Choice • Another way to think about it: – If I go to the grocery store, would it be worthwhile for me to buy a year’s worth of groceries all at once? • Imagine one year’s worth of produce, bread, ice cream, et cetera… ...
Nadal_et_al_final
... for IlvBN, in this work we blocked pyruvate alternative pathways in L. casei. The ...
... for IlvBN, in this work we blocked pyruvate alternative pathways in L. casei. The ...
Name - Northern Highlands
... a. removes poisonous oxygen from the environment. c. Enables the cell to recycle NAD+ b. Extracts a bit more energy from glucose. d. Inactivates toxic pyruvic acid. 13. The ATP synthase in a human cell gets energy for making ATP directly from a. Sunlight d. movement of electrons through a series of ...
... a. removes poisonous oxygen from the environment. c. Enables the cell to recycle NAD+ b. Extracts a bit more energy from glucose. d. Inactivates toxic pyruvic acid. 13. The ATP synthase in a human cell gets energy for making ATP directly from a. Sunlight d. movement of electrons through a series of ...
Document
... A. LacZ B. LacY C. LacA 4. What critical gene part is missing from this figure? The terminator sequence ...
... A. LacZ B. LacY C. LacA 4. What critical gene part is missing from this figure? The terminator sequence ...
Jennifer Atkinson October 14, 2013 HUN 3230 Section 81944
... monosaccharides and polysaccharides that can consist of hundreds to thousands of glucose molecules. Starch, glycogen, and most fibers are considered to be polysaccharides. Food sources that are composed of complex carbohydrates include breads, potatoes, rice, nuts, and flour. The RDA for carbohydrat ...
... monosaccharides and polysaccharides that can consist of hundreds to thousands of glucose molecules. Starch, glycogen, and most fibers are considered to be polysaccharides. Food sources that are composed of complex carbohydrates include breads, potatoes, rice, nuts, and flour. The RDA for carbohydrat ...
Lac operon
lac operon (lactose operon) is an operon required for the transport and metabolism of lactose in Escherichia coli and many other enteric bacteria. Although glucose is the preferred carbon source for most bacteria, the lac operon allows for the effective digestion of lactose when glucose is not available. Gene regulation of the lac operon was the first genetic regulatory mechanism to be understood clearly, so it has become a foremost example of prokaryotic gene regulation. It is often discussed in introductory molecular and cellular biology classes at universities for this reason.Bacterial operons are polycistronic transcripts that are able to produce multiple proteins from one mRNA transcript. In this case, when lactose is required as a sugar source for the bacterium, the three genes of the lac operon can be expressed and their subsequent proteins translated: lacZ, lacY, and lacA. The gene product of lacZ is β-galactosidase which cleaves lactose, a disaccharide, into glucose and galactose. LacY encodes lactose permease, a protein which becomes embedded in the cytoplasmic membrane to enable transport of lactose into the cell. Finally, lacA encodes galactoside O-acetyltransferase. Layout of the lac operon.It would be wasteful to produce the enzymes when there is no lactose available or if there is a more preferable energy source available, such as glucose. The lac operon uses a two-part control mechanism to ensure that the cell expends energy producing the enzymes encoded by the lac operon only when necessary. In the absence of lactose, the lac repressor halts production of the enzymes encoded by the lac operon. In the presence of glucose, the catabolite activator protein (CAP), required for production of the enzymes, remains inactive, and EIIAGlc shuts down lactose permease to prevent transport of lactose into the cell. This dual control mechanism causes the sequential utilization of glucose and lactose in two distinct growth phases, known as diauxie.