NEW! D-Chiro-Inositol: Enhances Insulin Function and Blood
... (DCI-IPG) which helps regulate the disposal of glucose within cells. DCI-IPG activates both glycogen synthase, which converts glucose to glycogen for storage, and pyruvate dehydrogenase, which facilitates oxidative metabolism of glucose for energy. By supporting normal intracellular glucose metaboli ...
... (DCI-IPG) which helps regulate the disposal of glucose within cells. DCI-IPG activates both glycogen synthase, which converts glucose to glycogen for storage, and pyruvate dehydrogenase, which facilitates oxidative metabolism of glucose for energy. By supporting normal intracellular glucose metaboli ...
extracellular polysaccharide colanic acid. cluster responsible for
... cluster (81) (Fig. 2). This segment of DNA is 23 kb in length (Fig. 2). The promoter region is followed after about 60 bp by a JUMPstart sequence (81a), a highly conserved 39-bp element which is found upstream of many polysaccharide gene clusters (30). There are then 21 open reading frames all in th ...
... cluster (81) (Fig. 2). This segment of DNA is 23 kb in length (Fig. 2). The promoter region is followed after about 60 bp by a JUMPstart sequence (81a), a highly conserved 39-bp element which is found upstream of many polysaccharide gene clusters (30). There are then 21 open reading frames all in th ...
Quiz - Columbus Labs
... catalyzes GDP-GTP exchange on the α -subunit of the heterotrimer G protein (Gαβγ ), replacing GDP with GTP. The Gα -subunit with GTP bound dissociates from the βγ -subunits and binds to adenylyl cyclase (AC). AC becomes active upon association with Gα :GTP and catalyzes the formation of cAMP from AT ...
... catalyzes GDP-GTP exchange on the α -subunit of the heterotrimer G protein (Gαβγ ), replacing GDP with GTP. The Gα -subunit with GTP bound dissociates from the βγ -subunits and binds to adenylyl cyclase (AC). AC becomes active upon association with Gα :GTP and catalyzes the formation of cAMP from AT ...
EXCHANGE OF GENETIC MATERIAL BETWEEN
... These explanations were tested in the following experiment. Approximately 100 cells per plate of pro-214 m u t (lac-) S. typhimurium were plated on nutrient agar. After overnight incubation at 37"C, the colonies were printed on minimallactose agar plates supplemented with proline, which had just bee ...
... These explanations were tested in the following experiment. Approximately 100 cells per plate of pro-214 m u t (lac-) S. typhimurium were plated on nutrient agar. After overnight incubation at 37"C, the colonies were printed on minimallactose agar plates supplemented with proline, which had just bee ...
Computational Biology
... Prokaryotic operon organization Although the operon structure has been well studied at the biochemical level in microorganisms such as E.coli , genome-wide operon organization in pathogenic organisms, such as M. tuberculosis, remains largely unknown. One can exploit the conservation of certain gene ...
... Prokaryotic operon organization Although the operon structure has been well studied at the biochemical level in microorganisms such as E.coli , genome-wide operon organization in pathogenic organisms, such as M. tuberculosis, remains largely unknown. One can exploit the conservation of certain gene ...
Cra-mediated regulation of Escherichia coli adenylate cyclase
... of many genes (Saier & Ramseier, 1996). cAMP is also essential for transcriptional regulation of many genes via its receptor protein CRP. When complexed with CAMP, CRP binds to specific sites upstream of promoters, causing transcriptional activation or repression (Kolb et al., 1993). A CRP binding s ...
... of many genes (Saier & Ramseier, 1996). cAMP is also essential for transcriptional regulation of many genes via its receptor protein CRP. When complexed with CAMP, CRP binds to specific sites upstream of promoters, causing transcriptional activation or repression (Kolb et al., 1993). A CRP binding s ...
I + rel + - UCSF Biochemistry & Biophysics
... • starvation for histidine reduces protein synthesis to 10% • rate of synthesis of average peptide is reduced 10x A C D E F G H I K L M N P Q R S T V W Y ...
... • starvation for histidine reduces protein synthesis to 10% • rate of synthesis of average peptide is reduced 10x A C D E F G H I K L M N P Q R S T V W Y ...
Biosynthesis of glucose – gluconeogenesis
... Six nucleotide triphosphate molecules are hydrolyzed to synthesize glucose from pyruvate in gluconeogenesis, whereas only two molecules of ATP are generated in glycolysis in the conversion of glucose into pyruvate. The extra cost of gluconeogenesis is four high phosphoryl-transfer potential molecule ...
... Six nucleotide triphosphate molecules are hydrolyzed to synthesize glucose from pyruvate in gluconeogenesis, whereas only two molecules of ATP are generated in glycolysis in the conversion of glucose into pyruvate. The extra cost of gluconeogenesis is four high phosphoryl-transfer potential molecule ...
CHaPter 2 Nucleic acids and proteins: a review
... the sugar ribose. RNA nucleotides include four different bases, three of which — adenine, guanine and cytosine — are identical to those in DNA. The fourth nucleotide is uracil, which is capable of pairing with A. The three different forms of RNA are all produced in the nucleus alongside DNA as a tem ...
... the sugar ribose. RNA nucleotides include four different bases, three of which — adenine, guanine and cytosine — are identical to those in DNA. The fourth nucleotide is uracil, which is capable of pairing with A. The three different forms of RNA are all produced in the nucleus alongside DNA as a tem ...
Document
... responds to energy requirement. In liver, fructose-2,6-bisP is a important stimulator of PFK: enhances substrate activation ...
... responds to energy requirement. In liver, fructose-2,6-bisP is a important stimulator of PFK: enhances substrate activation ...
very new glucogen me..
... Debranching enzyme: The last glucose units attacked to the original branch by α 1-6 bond is removed by debranching enzyme then glucose-1PO4 are converted of G-6-Po4 by mutase. Then phosphatase give glucose. Fat of glucose-6-Po4 In liver: it is converted to glucose by G-6-phosphotase. In muscle: no G ...
... Debranching enzyme: The last glucose units attacked to the original branch by α 1-6 bond is removed by debranching enzyme then glucose-1PO4 are converted of G-6-Po4 by mutase. Then phosphatase give glucose. Fat of glucose-6-Po4 In liver: it is converted to glucose by G-6-phosphotase. In muscle: no G ...
LESSON 2.5 WORKBOOK Blood glucose in sleep, a 5 mile
... LESSON READINGS **Exercise can act like insulin The act of using your muscles can trigger a response that is similar to the effects of insulin. We previously learned that insulin tells the liver to store extra energy. Insulin also has an important role in the muscles: to bring glucose into the cell ...
... LESSON READINGS **Exercise can act like insulin The act of using your muscles can trigger a response that is similar to the effects of insulin. We previously learned that insulin tells the liver to store extra energy. Insulin also has an important role in the muscles: to bring glucose into the cell ...
Glycolysis Quiz
... 7. Enzymes involved in the oxidation reduction of a substance can not operate without NAD+. What is NAD+ known as? (a) co-enzyme (b) co-factor (c) amino acid (d) protein ...
... 7. Enzymes involved in the oxidation reduction of a substance can not operate without NAD+. What is NAD+ known as? (a) co-enzyme (b) co-factor (c) amino acid (d) protein ...
Promoter Analysis of the Mouse Sterol Regulatory Element
... SREBP-1, whereas most organs, including the liver, express predominantly SREBP-2 and the 1c isoform of SREBP-1 (9). Lipogenic enzymes, including fatty acid synthase and acetylCoA carboxylase, are a group of genes involved in energy storage through synthesis of fatty acids and triglycerides (10, 11). ...
... SREBP-1, whereas most organs, including the liver, express predominantly SREBP-2 and the 1c isoform of SREBP-1 (9). Lipogenic enzymes, including fatty acid synthase and acetylCoA carboxylase, are a group of genes involved in energy storage through synthesis of fatty acids and triglycerides (10, 11). ...
Transcription Coactivator Family Proteins
... shown to be the TATA-box binding protein, TBP. Several additional transcription factor binding sites have been included and shown to reside upstream of the 2 basal elements and of the transcriptional start site. The location and order of the variously indicated transcription factor-binding sites is ...
... shown to be the TATA-box binding protein, TBP. Several additional transcription factor binding sites have been included and shown to reside upstream of the 2 basal elements and of the transcriptional start site. The location and order of the variously indicated transcription factor-binding sites is ...
Page 1 - csfcbiology
... The effect of temperature on the rate of reaction of an enzyme was investigated. A test tube containing the enzyme and a test tube containing the substrate were incubated separately at each of the temperatures being investigated. After 5 minutes, they were mixed and the rate of reaction was determin ...
... The effect of temperature on the rate of reaction of an enzyme was investigated. A test tube containing the enzyme and a test tube containing the substrate were incubated separately at each of the temperatures being investigated. After 5 minutes, they were mixed and the rate of reaction was determin ...
Tps1 regulates the pentose phosphate pathway, nitrogen
... MG00634) was amplified using primers NIIF1 (CTCTCCATCGCCACCTTTGAGG) and NIIR1 (TCACCAATCCGGCGCG). -tubulin (encoding MG00604) was amplified using the primers b-TUBF1 (CCCGCGGCCTCAAGATGTCGT) and b-TUBR1 (GCCTCCTCCTCGTACTCCTCTTCCTCC). PCR cycles were as above but with annealing temperatures of 63 oC. ...
... MG00634) was amplified using primers NIIF1 (CTCTCCATCGCCACCTTTGAGG) and NIIR1 (TCACCAATCCGGCGCG). -tubulin (encoding MG00604) was amplified using the primers b-TUBF1 (CCCGCGGCCTCAAGATGTCGT) and b-TUBR1 (GCCTCCTCCTCGTACTCCTCTTCCTCC). PCR cycles were as above but with annealing temperatures of 63 oC. ...
Presentation
... one part of a substrate molecule to another • Reaction occurs without input of ATP energy • Mechanism requires 2 phosphoryl-group transfer steps ...
... one part of a substrate molecule to another • Reaction occurs without input of ATP energy • Mechanism requires 2 phosphoryl-group transfer steps ...
Characterisation of the diol dehydratase pdu operon of Lactobacillus
... ria of the same genera using glycerol, L. collinoides does not carry the oxidative pathway and uses it via a system in which the ¢rst enzyme is a dehydratase. The entire sequence of the genes encoding this enzyme strongly suggests that glycerol is not the privileged substrate. Indeed, the degrees of ...
... ria of the same genera using glycerol, L. collinoides does not carry the oxidative pathway and uses it via a system in which the ¢rst enzyme is a dehydratase. The entire sequence of the genes encoding this enzyme strongly suggests that glycerol is not the privileged substrate. Indeed, the degrees of ...
Ch23_PT MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best
... 15) Glycolysis is catabolic, because a large molecule is broken into smaller ones, with a net production of high-energy molecules. Gluconeogenesis is anabolic because it is a synthesis reaction. It consumes energy as ATP and GTP. Glycogenolysis is catabolic because it involves breaking larger molecu ...
... 15) Glycolysis is catabolic, because a large molecule is broken into smaller ones, with a net production of high-energy molecules. Gluconeogenesis is anabolic because it is a synthesis reaction. It consumes energy as ATP and GTP. Glycogenolysis is catabolic because it involves breaking larger molecu ...
6 - rguhs
... The highest specific activity of glucose oxidase and enzyme recovery was found to be 35.54 Umg-1 protein and 97.5% respectively, in the fractions precipitated with 80% ammonium sulphate saturation. Another partial purification by dialysis resulted in raising the specific activity of glucose oxidase ...
... The highest specific activity of glucose oxidase and enzyme recovery was found to be 35.54 Umg-1 protein and 97.5% respectively, in the fractions precipitated with 80% ammonium sulphate saturation. Another partial purification by dialysis resulted in raising the specific activity of glucose oxidase ...
... Allosteric effects either increase or decrease the activity of a protein or enzyme by the binding of a ligand (or by protein phosphorylation). The binding cause some sort of change in shape of the protein (+ 4 pt) The enzyme exists in two states relaxed (R) or tense (T) with the relaxed being the ac ...
Biopathways Representation and Simulation on Hybrid Functional
... Object Net. The stochastic feature is also an important element in biological systems. However, the current Genomic Object Net does not implemented the stochastic features like the stochastic Petri net model [8, 9] and it remains as the next feasible task. Definition of HFPN In general, a Petri net ...
... Object Net. The stochastic feature is also an important element in biological systems. However, the current Genomic Object Net does not implemented the stochastic features like the stochastic Petri net model [8, 9] and it remains as the next feasible task. Definition of HFPN In general, a Petri net ...
Objectives 12
... (via glycogen phosphorylase) provides energy by feeding glucose-6-P into glycolysis pyruvate anaerobic LDH lactate or pyruvate Acetyl CoA via PDH CO2 via citric acid cycle 2. Synthesis of glucose (gluconeogenesis) - synthesis of carbohydrate from noncarbohydrate precursors - uses reaction ...
... (via glycogen phosphorylase) provides energy by feeding glucose-6-P into glycolysis pyruvate anaerobic LDH lactate or pyruvate Acetyl CoA via PDH CO2 via citric acid cycle 2. Synthesis of glucose (gluconeogenesis) - synthesis of carbohydrate from noncarbohydrate precursors - uses reaction ...
Pseudomonas aeruginosa B-band lipopolysaccharide genes wbpA
... are chemically and structurally similar to the P. aeruginosa serotype O5 B-band O antigen (Table 1), containing L-DManNAcA attached to D-Fuc2NAc, a 2,6-dideoxy derivative of D-GalNAc. Not surprisingly, the biosynthetic clusters for these polysaccharides share many homologous genes [1,15]. We showed ...
... are chemically and structurally similar to the P. aeruginosa serotype O5 B-band O antigen (Table 1), containing L-DManNAcA attached to D-Fuc2NAc, a 2,6-dideoxy derivative of D-GalNAc. Not surprisingly, the biosynthetic clusters for these polysaccharides share many homologous genes [1,15]. We showed ...
Lac operon
lac operon (lactose operon) is an operon required for the transport and metabolism of lactose in Escherichia coli and many other enteric bacteria. Although glucose is the preferred carbon source for most bacteria, the lac operon allows for the effective digestion of lactose when glucose is not available. Gene regulation of the lac operon was the first genetic regulatory mechanism to be understood clearly, so it has become a foremost example of prokaryotic gene regulation. It is often discussed in introductory molecular and cellular biology classes at universities for this reason.Bacterial operons are polycistronic transcripts that are able to produce multiple proteins from one mRNA transcript. In this case, when lactose is required as a sugar source for the bacterium, the three genes of the lac operon can be expressed and their subsequent proteins translated: lacZ, lacY, and lacA. The gene product of lacZ is β-galactosidase which cleaves lactose, a disaccharide, into glucose and galactose. LacY encodes lactose permease, a protein which becomes embedded in the cytoplasmic membrane to enable transport of lactose into the cell. Finally, lacA encodes galactoside O-acetyltransferase. Layout of the lac operon.It would be wasteful to produce the enzymes when there is no lactose available or if there is a more preferable energy source available, such as glucose. The lac operon uses a two-part control mechanism to ensure that the cell expends energy producing the enzymes encoded by the lac operon only when necessary. In the absence of lactose, the lac repressor halts production of the enzymes encoded by the lac operon. In the presence of glucose, the catabolite activator protein (CAP), required for production of the enzymes, remains inactive, and EIIAGlc shuts down lactose permease to prevent transport of lactose into the cell. This dual control mechanism causes the sequential utilization of glucose and lactose in two distinct growth phases, known as diauxie.