Key area 2 * Cellular respiration
... cellular respiration that release the energy contained in food, by oxidation. 1. Glycolysis 2. The citric acid cycle 3. The electron transport chain ...
... cellular respiration that release the energy contained in food, by oxidation. 1. Glycolysis 2. The citric acid cycle 3. The electron transport chain ...
N x C (N-2)
... probably come from the RER because the vesicle contains a few integral proteins, called peroxins, see later). (2) The proteins are completely synthesized in the cytosol and are then imported into the peroxisome membrane or matrix. In other words, protein import into peroxisomes is post-translational ...
... probably come from the RER because the vesicle contains a few integral proteins, called peroxins, see later). (2) The proteins are completely synthesized in the cytosol and are then imported into the peroxisome membrane or matrix. In other words, protein import into peroxisomes is post-translational ...
BT02D04 - 09.21.10 - Cell Respiration Continued
... creating lactic acid molecules. Occurs with our muscle cells and other prokaryotes (helps make yogurt, kimchi and cheese!) ...
... creating lactic acid molecules. Occurs with our muscle cells and other prokaryotes (helps make yogurt, kimchi and cheese!) ...
ATP
... The electron transport chain • Allow the protons to flow through ATP synthase which synthesizes ATP. (ADP + Pi = ATP) • The electron transport chain adds 32 ATP molecules to the four already produced during glycolysis & citric acid cycle. • Occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane ...
... The electron transport chain • Allow the protons to flow through ATP synthase which synthesizes ATP. (ADP + Pi = ATP) • The electron transport chain adds 32 ATP molecules to the four already produced during glycolysis & citric acid cycle. • Occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane ...
unit 3 – cellular energy processes
... UNIT 4 – CELLULAR ENERGY Block Day, 10/24, 10/25 - Fri, 11/9 Unit Objectives At the conclusion of this unit, you should be able to: 1. Distinguish between endergonic/exergonic reactions, anabolic/catabolic pathways, and kinetic/potential energy. 2. Describe the first and second laws of thermodynamic ...
... UNIT 4 – CELLULAR ENERGY Block Day, 10/24, 10/25 - Fri, 11/9 Unit Objectives At the conclusion of this unit, you should be able to: 1. Distinguish between endergonic/exergonic reactions, anabolic/catabolic pathways, and kinetic/potential energy. 2. Describe the first and second laws of thermodynamic ...
Homework 3 BSC 1005 Fall 2011
... c. amino acids. d. the formation of peptide bonds. 29.Before fats can be metabolized in aerobic cellular respiration they must be converted to a. simple sugars. b. fatty acids and glycerol. c. amino acids. d. fatty acids and amino acids. 30.Before an an amino acid can be used in cellular respiration ...
... c. amino acids. d. the formation of peptide bonds. 29.Before fats can be metabolized in aerobic cellular respiration they must be converted to a. simple sugars. b. fatty acids and glycerol. c. amino acids. d. fatty acids and amino acids. 30.Before an an amino acid can be used in cellular respiration ...
Cellular Respiration
... cycle is a series of reactions that produce energy-storing molecules during aerobic respiration. •Electron Transport Chain During aerobic respiration, large amounts of ATP are made in an electron transport chain. ...
... cycle is a series of reactions that produce energy-storing molecules during aerobic respiration. •Electron Transport Chain During aerobic respiration, large amounts of ATP are made in an electron transport chain. ...
Cellular Respiration What is Cellular Respiration?
... cycle is a series of reactions that produce energy-storing molecules during aerobic respiration. •Electron Transport Chain During aerobic respiration, large amounts of ATP are made in an electron transport chain. ...
... cycle is a series of reactions that produce energy-storing molecules during aerobic respiration. •Electron Transport Chain During aerobic respiration, large amounts of ATP are made in an electron transport chain. ...
Campbell`s Biology, 9e (Reece et al.)
... 41) When hydrogen ions are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix across the inner membrane and into the intermembrane space, the result is the A) formation of ATP. B) reduction of NAD+. C) restoration of the Na+/K+ balance across the membrane. D) creation of a proton-motive force. E) lowering of pH i ...
... 41) When hydrogen ions are pumped from the mitochondrial matrix across the inner membrane and into the intermembrane space, the result is the A) formation of ATP. B) reduction of NAD+. C) restoration of the Na+/K+ balance across the membrane. D) creation of a proton-motive force. E) lowering of pH i ...
Plants
... III. Photosystem I (make NADPH) A. How does it work? 1. sunlight is absorbed by pigments in the thylakoid 2. e- from photosystem II are transferred to reaction center of Photosystem I… 3. e- are sent to reaction center.. ...
... III. Photosystem I (make NADPH) A. How does it work? 1. sunlight is absorbed by pigments in the thylakoid 2. e- from photosystem II are transferred to reaction center of Photosystem I… 3. e- are sent to reaction center.. ...
Plants
... III. Photosystem I (make NADPH) A. How does it work? 1. sunlight is absorbed by pigments in the thylakoid 2. e- from photosystem II are transferred to reaction center of Photosystem I… 3. e- are sent to reaction center.. ...
... III. Photosystem I (make NADPH) A. How does it work? 1. sunlight is absorbed by pigments in the thylakoid 2. e- from photosystem II are transferred to reaction center of Photosystem I… 3. e- are sent to reaction center.. ...
The Importance of Cardiolipin Synthase for Mitochondrial
... Much less information is available on CL function in plants, as the characteristics of plant cls mutants and of CL-lacking plants are unclear. Although stable mitochondrial supercomplexes containing complex I (CI) and dimeric complex III have been described in several species (Eubel et al., 2003, 20 ...
... Much less information is available on CL function in plants, as the characteristics of plant cls mutants and of CL-lacking plants are unclear. Although stable mitochondrial supercomplexes containing complex I (CI) and dimeric complex III have been described in several species (Eubel et al., 2003, 20 ...
Cellular Respiration
... What is the difference between a: calorie(lower case c) and Calorie (upper case C)? -A calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree C. -A Calorie is a kilocalorie, or 1000 calories ...
... What is the difference between a: calorie(lower case c) and Calorie (upper case C)? -A calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree C. -A Calorie is a kilocalorie, or 1000 calories ...
Cellular Respiration Note Packet
... D. Summary of the Krebs cycle 1. _________________________ are electron carriers very similar to the NADP+ that was used in photosynthesis. NAD+ and FAD will deliver the _________________________________ of hydrogen to the ___________________________________________________. 2. What is the total amo ...
... D. Summary of the Krebs cycle 1. _________________________ are electron carriers very similar to the NADP+ that was used in photosynthesis. NAD+ and FAD will deliver the _________________________________ of hydrogen to the ___________________________________________________. 2. What is the total amo ...
Chapter 7 Cellular Respiration
... metabolism. The outer membrane of the mitochondria acts as a cell membrane and houses transport proteins that allow substances in and out of the mitochondria. For instance, the outer membrane houses transport proteins, which move the two pyruvate molecules formed during glycolysis from the cytoplasm ...
... metabolism. The outer membrane of the mitochondria acts as a cell membrane and houses transport proteins that allow substances in and out of the mitochondria. For instance, the outer membrane houses transport proteins, which move the two pyruvate molecules formed during glycolysis from the cytoplasm ...
AP Biology Chap 9 Reading Guide Cellular Respiration
... 31. At this point, you should be able to account for the total number of ATPs that could be formed from a glucose molecule. To accomplish this, we have to add the substrate-level ATPs from glycolysis and the citric acid cycle to the ATPs formed by chemiosmosis. Each NADH can form a maximum of _____ ...
... 31. At this point, you should be able to account for the total number of ATPs that could be formed from a glucose molecule. To accomplish this, we have to add the substrate-level ATPs from glycolysis and the citric acid cycle to the ATPs formed by chemiosmosis. Each NADH can form a maximum of _____ ...
Respiration - Indian River Research and Education Center
... – Organisms expend energy to counteract the natural tendency to disorganize – Without a constant energy supply, organisms would disorganize and die – Living organisms are never at equilibrium ...
... – Organisms expend energy to counteract the natural tendency to disorganize – Without a constant energy supply, organisms would disorganize and die – Living organisms are never at equilibrium ...
Oxidation
... phosphates that become CELLULOSE/STARCH; while most continue in the cycle to form RuBP. • In order to regain RuBP from TP , the cycle uses ATP. ...
... phosphates that become CELLULOSE/STARCH; while most continue in the cycle to form RuBP. • In order to regain RuBP from TP , the cycle uses ATP. ...
Print - Circulation Research
... antiport system. In contrast to the electroneutral malate-a-ketoglutarate antiport system, exchange of glutamate and aspartate appears to be electrogenie due to the carrier-mediated cotransport of one proton per glutamate molecule. Thus, a net transfer of charge accompanies this exchange, which perm ...
... antiport system. In contrast to the electroneutral malate-a-ketoglutarate antiport system, exchange of glutamate and aspartate appears to be electrogenie due to the carrier-mediated cotransport of one proton per glutamate molecule. Thus, a net transfer of charge accompanies this exchange, which perm ...
Chapter 13
... cytosol, whereas the citric acid cycle and the oxidative phosphorylation processes occur in mitochondria. Important metabolic functions are listed in Table 15-2. 4. ATP is the most important cellular energy currency because 1. ATP hydrolysis produces ∆G°’ = -30.5 kJ/mol which can be used as an input ...
... cytosol, whereas the citric acid cycle and the oxidative phosphorylation processes occur in mitochondria. Important metabolic functions are listed in Table 15-2. 4. ATP is the most important cellular energy currency because 1. ATP hydrolysis produces ∆G°’ = -30.5 kJ/mol which can be used as an input ...
Euglena gracilis Rhodoquinone:Ubiquinone Ratio and
... a broad range of oxygen concentrations and can tolerate even very low concentrations of oxygen (14). E. gracilis can survive up to 6 months of oxygen deprivation in the dark with culturing on lactate (15). Euglena uses its mitochondrion for ATP synthesis in the presence and absence of oxygen (14, 16 ...
... a broad range of oxygen concentrations and can tolerate even very low concentrations of oxygen (14). E. gracilis can survive up to 6 months of oxygen deprivation in the dark with culturing on lactate (15). Euglena uses its mitochondrion for ATP synthesis in the presence and absence of oxygen (14, 16 ...
Notes CH 7 - Haiku Learning
... that uses the energy of an ion gradient to allow the phosphorylation of ADP to form ATP a) Ion gradient is created by a difference in hydrogen ion concentration across the cristae membranes b) H+ are pumped out of the matrix into the intermembrane space and the energy is provided by the electrons mo ...
... that uses the energy of an ion gradient to allow the phosphorylation of ADP to form ATP a) Ion gradient is created by a difference in hydrogen ion concentration across the cristae membranes b) H+ are pumped out of the matrix into the intermembrane space and the energy is provided by the electrons mo ...
4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration
... Cellular respiration makes ATP by breaking down sugars. • Cellular respiration is aerobic, or requires oxygen. • Aerobic stages take place in mitochondria. ...
... Cellular respiration makes ATP by breaking down sugars. • Cellular respiration is aerobic, or requires oxygen. • Aerobic stages take place in mitochondria. ...
- Circle of Docs
... 39. Glutathione peroxidase is an enzyme in various redox reactions which serves to destroy peroxides and free radicals and requires which mineral as a cofactor? a. Zinc b. Selenium c. Iron d. Chromium ...
... 39. Glutathione peroxidase is an enzyme in various redox reactions which serves to destroy peroxides and free radicals and requires which mineral as a cofactor? a. Zinc b. Selenium c. Iron d. Chromium ...
Mitochondrion
The mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is a double membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. The word mitochondrion comes from the Greek μίτος, mitos, i.e. ""thread"", and χονδρίον, chondrion, i.e. ""granule"" or ""grain-like"".Mitochondria range from 0.5 to 1.0 μm in diameter. A considerable variation can be seen in the structure and size of this organelle. Unless specifically stained, they are not visible. These structures are described as ""the powerhouse of the cell"" because they generate most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), used as a source of chemical energy. In addition to supplying cellular energy, mitochondria are involved in other tasks, such as signaling, cellular differentiation, and cell death, as well as maintaining control of the cell cycle and cell growth. Mitochondria have been implicated in several human diseases, including mitochondrial disorders, cardiac dysfunction, and heart failure. A recent University of California study including ten children diagnosed with severe autism suggests that autism may be correlated with mitochondrial defects as well.Several characteristics make mitochondria unique. The number of mitochondria in a cell can vary widely by organism, tissue, and cell type. For instance, red blood cells have no mitochondria, whereas liver cells can have more than 2000. The organelle is composed of compartments that carry out specialized functions. These compartments or regions include the outer membrane, the intermembrane space, the inner membrane, and the cristae and matrix. Mitochondrial proteins vary depending on the tissue and the species. In humans, 615 distinct types of protein have been identified from cardiac mitochondria, whereas in rats, 940 proteins have been reported. The mitochondrial proteome is thought to be dynamically regulated. Although most of a cell's DNA is contained in the cell nucleus, the mitochondrion has its own independent genome. Further, its DNA shows substantial similarity to bacterial genomes.