Oxidative Phosphorylation
... • The mitochondrial matrix contains enzymes of PDH, TCA cycle, β-oxidation and amino acid oxidation. • Mitochondrial matrix is enclosed by two membranes. • Components of the ETC are located on the inner membrane; the folded cristae provide a large surface area. • The inner membrane is highly imperme ...
... • The mitochondrial matrix contains enzymes of PDH, TCA cycle, β-oxidation and amino acid oxidation. • Mitochondrial matrix is enclosed by two membranes. • Components of the ETC are located on the inner membrane; the folded cristae provide a large surface area. • The inner membrane is highly imperme ...
Document
... 1.) Ribose (sugar) 2.) Adenosine (base) 3.) Three phosphates Key to the activity of ATP is release energy as the bonds break between the phosphates ...
... 1.) Ribose (sugar) 2.) Adenosine (base) 3.) Three phosphates Key to the activity of ATP is release energy as the bonds break between the phosphates ...
b-Oxidation of fatty acids
... Origin of mitochondria: the endosymbiont hypothesis The endosymbiont hypothesis suggests that mitochondria have evolved from anaerobic bacteria which were phagocytosed by eukaryote cells at the time oxygen appeared on earth, Similarities between mitochondria and bacteria include the presence of: • ...
... Origin of mitochondria: the endosymbiont hypothesis The endosymbiont hypothesis suggests that mitochondria have evolved from anaerobic bacteria which were phagocytosed by eukaryote cells at the time oxygen appeared on earth, Similarities between mitochondria and bacteria include the presence of: • ...
PowerPoint 프레젠테이션
... • Four electrons are funneled into O2 to completely reduce it to H2O and concomitantly pump protons from the matrix to the cytosolic side of the inner mitochondrial membrane. • Heme a3 and Cu from the active center at which O2 is reduced to H2O. • Cytochrome c oxidase evolved to pump 4 additional H ...
... • Four electrons are funneled into O2 to completely reduce it to H2O and concomitantly pump protons from the matrix to the cytosolic side of the inner mitochondrial membrane. • Heme a3 and Cu from the active center at which O2 is reduced to H2O. • Cytochrome c oxidase evolved to pump 4 additional H ...
Chapter 13
... Overload – Training effect occurs when a system is exercised at a level beyond which it is normally accustomed ...
... Overload – Training effect occurs when a system is exercised at a level beyond which it is normally accustomed ...
Cellular Respiration
... And combines electrons & H+ ions to form H2O The ‘downhill’ flow of electrons powers an enzyme ATP synthase Which produces ~ 34 ATP ...
... And combines electrons & H+ ions to form H2O The ‘downhill’ flow of electrons powers an enzyme ATP synthase Which produces ~ 34 ATP ...
Chapter 7 Review Name: Date: Question Answer Process that
... 11. Besides acetyl CoA, NADH and ____________ are produced in the intermediate step 12. The Krebs cycle produces two electron carriers: _____ & ______ 13. A by-product of the Krebs cycle is ________ 14. For each acetyl CoA that enters the Krebs cycle, ___ATP is/are produced 15. NAD+ is reduced to___ ...
... 11. Besides acetyl CoA, NADH and ____________ are produced in the intermediate step 12. The Krebs cycle produces two electron carriers: _____ & ______ 13. A by-product of the Krebs cycle is ________ 14. For each acetyl CoA that enters the Krebs cycle, ___ATP is/are produced 15. NAD+ is reduced to___ ...
Chapter 9 / Energy-Releasing Pathways and Biosynthesis I
... d. 2CO2 produced, 3NAD+ reduced to 3NADH, 1FAD reduced to FADH2 C. Oxidative Phosphorylation (Electron Transport Chain and Chemiosmosis) a. takes place on inner mitochondrial membrane b. electrons from Hs carried by NADH and FADH2 c. electron transport chain consists of molecules that are electron a ...
... d. 2CO2 produced, 3NAD+ reduced to 3NADH, 1FAD reduced to FADH2 C. Oxidative Phosphorylation (Electron Transport Chain and Chemiosmosis) a. takes place on inner mitochondrial membrane b. electrons from Hs carried by NADH and FADH2 c. electron transport chain consists of molecules that are electron a ...
BIOLOGY COMPETITION REVIEW QUESTIONS PRACTICE EXAM
... a. Membranes of living organisms are in a fluid state, rather than in a gel state. b. Membranes are semipermeable: large molecules such as proteins can easily move across them. c. Hydrophilic organic molecules easily diffuse across membranes in eukaryotic cells. d. In plants, the plasma membrane is ...
... a. Membranes of living organisms are in a fluid state, rather than in a gel state. b. Membranes are semipermeable: large molecules such as proteins can easily move across them. c. Hydrophilic organic molecules easily diffuse across membranes in eukaryotic cells. d. In plants, the plasma membrane is ...
Cellular Respiration
... H+ ions build up in the inner membrane space setting up a concentration and an electrical gradient. As H+ ions rush back through the membrane, enough energy is created to cause ADP to combine with P to form ATP This step produces 32 ATP for a net yield of 36 Water is also produced as a product ...
... H+ ions build up in the inner membrane space setting up a concentration and an electrical gradient. As H+ ions rush back through the membrane, enough energy is created to cause ADP to combine with P to form ATP This step produces 32 ATP for a net yield of 36 Water is also produced as a product ...
PHOTOSYNTHESIS HOW PLANTS MAKE THEIR
... Step 2 of Cell Respiration The Krebs Cycle AKA CITRIC ACID • Oxidation reactions happen inside the Mitochondria to create electron transporters and ATP • Oxygen must be present! • 2 Acetyl CoA’s (pyruvate converted) now enters the Krebs cycle. • For each Acetyl CoA we get: • 1. cycle in the Krebs c ...
... Step 2 of Cell Respiration The Krebs Cycle AKA CITRIC ACID • Oxidation reactions happen inside the Mitochondria to create electron transporters and ATP • Oxygen must be present! • 2 Acetyl CoA’s (pyruvate converted) now enters the Krebs cycle. • For each Acetyl CoA we get: • 1. cycle in the Krebs c ...
C9 Cellular Respiration (Video)
... Cellular respiration (CR) – most common and efficient catabolic pathway, in which organic compounds and oxygen yield energy, water, and CO2. Occurs in mitochondria. Reactions are exergonic with G = -686 kcal/mol of glucose. C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP + heat Fermentation – anaerobic catabolic ...
... Cellular respiration (CR) – most common and efficient catabolic pathway, in which organic compounds and oxygen yield energy, water, and CO2. Occurs in mitochondria. Reactions are exergonic with G = -686 kcal/mol of glucose. C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP + heat Fermentation – anaerobic catabolic ...
The Krebs Cycle - County Central High School
... called the electron transport chain (ETC). The NADH gives up 2 high energy electrons at the beginning of the ETC. At the same time, it releases 1 H+ ion into the matrix. The electrons move down the ETC using carrier molecules and they are releasing energy as they move. This energy is used to force ...
... called the electron transport chain (ETC). The NADH gives up 2 high energy electrons at the beginning of the ETC. At the same time, it releases 1 H+ ion into the matrix. The electrons move down the ETC using carrier molecules and they are releasing energy as they move. This energy is used to force ...
Practice Test for BIO 311C
... about an oxidation-reduction (or redox) reaction? A) The molecule that is oxidized loses electrons. B) The molecule that is reduced gains electrons. C) The molecule that is reduced loses electrons. D) The molecule that is oxidized gains electrons. E) Both A and B are correct. 53) Which of the follow ...
... about an oxidation-reduction (or redox) reaction? A) The molecule that is oxidized loses electrons. B) The molecule that is reduced gains electrons. C) The molecule that is reduced loses electrons. D) The molecule that is oxidized gains electrons. E) Both A and B are correct. 53) Which of the follow ...
Cellular Respiration Powerpoint1
... Glycolysis-net gain of ATP =2 ATP 2 NADH x 3 ATP =6 ATP Pyruvate into Acetyl CoA 1 NADH x 3 ATP x 2 cycles =6 ATP ...
... Glycolysis-net gain of ATP =2 ATP 2 NADH x 3 ATP =6 ATP Pyruvate into Acetyl CoA 1 NADH x 3 ATP x 2 cycles =6 ATP ...
respiration - sandsbiochem
... 1. What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration? 2. Remember: OILRIG A. In the conversion of glucose and oxygen to CO2 and H2O, which molecule is reduced? B. Which is oxidized? C. What happens to the energy that is released in this redox reaction? 3. NAD+ is called a(n) ________________. ...
... 1. What is the chemical equation for cellular respiration? 2. Remember: OILRIG A. In the conversion of glucose and oxygen to CO2 and H2O, which molecule is reduced? B. Which is oxidized? C. What happens to the energy that is released in this redox reaction? 3. NAD+ is called a(n) ________________. ...
Microbial Metabolism Overview
... Fermentation If a cell runs out of electron acceptor (O2 or N or S), respiration can only proceed through glycolysis. Prokaryotes – some only go this far to make energy, they only do fermentation and do not have the capability to do respiration. 6C molecule (glucose) → two 3 carbon molecules (pyruva ...
... Fermentation If a cell runs out of electron acceptor (O2 or N or S), respiration can only proceed through glycolysis. Prokaryotes – some only go this far to make energy, they only do fermentation and do not have the capability to do respiration. 6C molecule (glucose) → two 3 carbon molecules (pyruva ...
Exam Two Review Guide Chapter Five Anabolism vs. Catabolism
... 14. The acetyl group needs to combine with coenzyme A to be transported into the mitochondria. When the acetyl group enters the mitochondria, it combines with which molecule to form citrate in the citric acid cycle? 15. What are the other two names for the citric acid cycle? 16. Account for all the ...
... 14. The acetyl group needs to combine with coenzyme A to be transported into the mitochondria. When the acetyl group enters the mitochondria, it combines with which molecule to form citrate in the citric acid cycle? 15. What are the other two names for the citric acid cycle? 16. Account for all the ...
Final Respiration
... • If there is no oxygen some cells can convert pyruvic acid into other compounds and get more NAD+ • No ATP is made, but the NAD+ can keep glycolysis going to make a little ATP • 2 kinds of fermentation: Lactic acid fermentation and Alcoholic Fermentation ...
... • If there is no oxygen some cells can convert pyruvic acid into other compounds and get more NAD+ • No ATP is made, but the NAD+ can keep glycolysis going to make a little ATP • 2 kinds of fermentation: Lactic acid fermentation and Alcoholic Fermentation ...
cellrespdiagrams
... • If there is no oxygen some cells can convert pyruvic acid into other compounds and get more NAD+ • No ATP is made, but the NAD+ can keep glycolysis going to make a little ATP • 2 kinds of fermentation: Lactic acid fermentation and Alcoholic Fermentation ...
... • If there is no oxygen some cells can convert pyruvic acid into other compounds and get more NAD+ • No ATP is made, but the NAD+ can keep glycolysis going to make a little ATP • 2 kinds of fermentation: Lactic acid fermentation and Alcoholic Fermentation ...
Final Respiration
... • If there is no oxygen some cells can convert pyruvic acid into other compounds and get more NAD+ • No ATP is made, but the NAD+ can keep glycolysis going to make a little ATP • 2 kinds of fermentation: Lactic acid fermentation and Alcoholic Fermentation ...
... • If there is no oxygen some cells can convert pyruvic acid into other compounds and get more NAD+ • No ATP is made, but the NAD+ can keep glycolysis going to make a little ATP • 2 kinds of fermentation: Lactic acid fermentation and Alcoholic Fermentation ...
What are mitochondria? Mitochondria are the
... We presented a forensic case based on synthetic biology, as well as teaching students about common techniques used in the lab and allowed them to crack the case themselves using what they had learned. ...
... We presented a forensic case based on synthetic biology, as well as teaching students about common techniques used in the lab and allowed them to crack the case themselves using what they had learned. ...
Warm-Up
... The summary equation of cellular respiration. The difference between fermentation and cellular respiration. The role of glycolysis in oxidizing glucose to two molecules of pyruvate. The process that brings pyruvate from the cytosol into the mitochondria and introduces it into the citric acid c ...
... The summary equation of cellular respiration. The difference between fermentation and cellular respiration. The role of glycolysis in oxidizing glucose to two molecules of pyruvate. The process that brings pyruvate from the cytosol into the mitochondria and introduces it into the citric acid c ...
Mitochondrion
The mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is a double membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. The word mitochondrion comes from the Greek μίτος, mitos, i.e. ""thread"", and χονδρίον, chondrion, i.e. ""granule"" or ""grain-like"".Mitochondria range from 0.5 to 1.0 μm in diameter. A considerable variation can be seen in the structure and size of this organelle. Unless specifically stained, they are not visible. These structures are described as ""the powerhouse of the cell"" because they generate most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), used as a source of chemical energy. In addition to supplying cellular energy, mitochondria are involved in other tasks, such as signaling, cellular differentiation, and cell death, as well as maintaining control of the cell cycle and cell growth. Mitochondria have been implicated in several human diseases, including mitochondrial disorders, cardiac dysfunction, and heart failure. A recent University of California study including ten children diagnosed with severe autism suggests that autism may be correlated with mitochondrial defects as well.Several characteristics make mitochondria unique. The number of mitochondria in a cell can vary widely by organism, tissue, and cell type. For instance, red blood cells have no mitochondria, whereas liver cells can have more than 2000. The organelle is composed of compartments that carry out specialized functions. These compartments or regions include the outer membrane, the intermembrane space, the inner membrane, and the cristae and matrix. Mitochondrial proteins vary depending on the tissue and the species. In humans, 615 distinct types of protein have been identified from cardiac mitochondria, whereas in rats, 940 proteins have been reported. The mitochondrial proteome is thought to be dynamically regulated. Although most of a cell's DNA is contained in the cell nucleus, the mitochondrion has its own independent genome. Further, its DNA shows substantial similarity to bacterial genomes.