![What do you know about the Zika virus? How could this possibly](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/023500354_1-3d26cd49eedd89e83b1f2dd7e18bd581-300x300.png)
What do you know about the Zika virus? How could this possibly
... If you have Zika, you can keep from spreading it to others by avoiding mosquito bites during the first week of your illness, says the CDC. The female Aedes aegypti, the primary carrier of Zika, is an aggressive biter, preferring daytime to dusk and indoors to outdoors. Keeping screens on windows an ...
... If you have Zika, you can keep from spreading it to others by avoiding mosquito bites during the first week of your illness, says the CDC. The female Aedes aegypti, the primary carrier of Zika, is an aggressive biter, preferring daytime to dusk and indoors to outdoors. Keeping screens on windows an ...
The contribution of vaccination to global health
... [9]. Subsequently, many other vaccines have been developed using the principle of attenuation, including rubella, influenza, rotavirus, tuberculosis and typhoid vaccines. Vaccines based on attenuated organisms generally induce a strong and sustained immune response, induce more effective immunity at ...
... [9]. Subsequently, many other vaccines have been developed using the principle of attenuation, including rubella, influenza, rotavirus, tuberculosis and typhoid vaccines. Vaccines based on attenuated organisms generally induce a strong and sustained immune response, induce more effective immunity at ...
specific viral disease of cattle
... and humans. It is caused by Coxiella burnetii. field cases there are no clinical signs of this disease. In the disease produced by the inoculation of cows via the udder the clinical signs may include: ...
... and humans. It is caused by Coxiella burnetii. field cases there are no clinical signs of this disease. In the disease produced by the inoculation of cows via the udder the clinical signs may include: ...
Medical Briefings Measles
... Routine measles vaccination for children, combined with mass immunization campaigns in countries with high case and death rates, are key public health strategies to reduce global measles deaths. The measles vaccine has been in use for 50 years. It is safe, effective and inexpensive. It costs approxi ...
... Routine measles vaccination for children, combined with mass immunization campaigns in countries with high case and death rates, are key public health strategies to reduce global measles deaths. The measles vaccine has been in use for 50 years. It is safe, effective and inexpensive. It costs approxi ...
course code: vcm 501
... CLINICAL SIGNS: Initial lesions are seen on the lingual mucosa which later develops into vesicles. Dullness, anorexia and pyrexia may precede the appearance of the vesicles. Vesicles extends to the nares, buccal cavity and between the hooves which result in lameness especially in pigs. Hoof deformit ...
... CLINICAL SIGNS: Initial lesions are seen on the lingual mucosa which later develops into vesicles. Dullness, anorexia and pyrexia may precede the appearance of the vesicles. Vesicles extends to the nares, buccal cavity and between the hooves which result in lameness especially in pigs. Hoof deformit ...
Determination of the 50% Human Infectious Dose for Norwalk Virus
... Background. Noroviruses are the most common cause of gastroenteritis in the United States. An understanding of the infectious dose of these viruses is important for risk assessment studies. Methods. Healthy adults were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of differen ...
... Background. Noroviruses are the most common cause of gastroenteritis in the United States. An understanding of the infectious dose of these viruses is important for risk assessment studies. Methods. Healthy adults were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled evaluation of differen ...
Immune prophylaxis of infectious diseases in children
... proposed to restrict injections, parenteral intervention, routine operations for 40 days, exclude contact with HIV-infected ...
... proposed to restrict injections, parenteral intervention, routine operations for 40 days, exclude contact with HIV-infected ...
What is measles?
... One in 1000 people with measles may die. One in 10 cases will end up in hospital. Who is at risk of getting measles? If you were born after 1 January 1969, and haven’t had two doses of measles vaccine after your first birthday, or have not had measles already, you are at risk of catching the d ...
... One in 1000 people with measles may die. One in 10 cases will end up in hospital. Who is at risk of getting measles? If you were born after 1 January 1969, and haven’t had two doses of measles vaccine after your first birthday, or have not had measles already, you are at risk of catching the d ...
THE DECAYING PATTERN OF MATERNALLY DERIVED
... day via different route of administration was observed in this study but the second vaccination dose at 25 day of age gave good results. So we suggest that for appropriate vaccination day, the level of MDAS must be evaluated while the chicks are growing at 10 –14 days of age. The declining pattern o ...
... day via different route of administration was observed in this study but the second vaccination dose at 25 day of age gave good results. So we suggest that for appropriate vaccination day, the level of MDAS must be evaluated while the chicks are growing at 10 –14 days of age. The declining pattern o ...
Infectious diseases of camels in the USSR
... camels are reluctant to eat. They lie down and rapidly lose condition, so that veterinary treatment is required, as in the case of localised necrobacteriosis. (In fact, before the viral nature of the disease was discovered, the condition was often diagnosed as necrobacteriosis). The main clinical si ...
... camels are reluctant to eat. They lie down and rapidly lose condition, so that veterinary treatment is required, as in the case of localised necrobacteriosis. (In fact, before the viral nature of the disease was discovered, the condition was often diagnosed as necrobacteriosis). The main clinical si ...
Long-term survival of New Zealand rabbit haemorrhagic disease
... Sequencing of full-length RHDV genomes To determine if the RNA products represent full-length genomes, we obtained full-length sequences from one sample by RT-PCR as described above, utilizing all the primers defined in Table 2. These sequences were then compared against the complete genome sequence ...
... Sequencing of full-length RHDV genomes To determine if the RNA products represent full-length genomes, we obtained full-length sequences from one sample by RT-PCR as described above, utilizing all the primers defined in Table 2. These sequences were then compared against the complete genome sequence ...
A simulation model of intraherd transmission of foot and mouth
... Abstract. Intraherd transmission of foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) was examined using a simulation model for a hypothetical 1,000-cow dairy, assuming clinical diagnosis was made when at least 1% (10 cows) or 5% (50 cows) had clinical signs of FMD, 1 index case cow, and transition state distribu ...
... Abstract. Intraherd transmission of foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) was examined using a simulation model for a hypothetical 1,000-cow dairy, assuming clinical diagnosis was made when at least 1% (10 cows) or 5% (50 cows) had clinical signs of FMD, 1 index case cow, and transition state distribu ...
Poliomyelitis: Current Status in Iran and Worldwide
... Landsteiner (6). Major outbreaks started to occur in the late 19th century, in Europe and the United States (1). In the 20th century it became one of the most concerning childhood diseases in these areas (7). The first polio vaccine was developed in the 1950s by Jonas Salk (8). It is hoped that vacc ...
... Landsteiner (6). Major outbreaks started to occur in the late 19th century, in Europe and the United States (1). In the 20th century it became one of the most concerning childhood diseases in these areas (7). The first polio vaccine was developed in the 1950s by Jonas Salk (8). It is hoped that vacc ...
African horse sickness
... techniques within the remit of the mandate given by the OIE Disease control Epidemiology, surveillance, risk assessment, modelling Training, capacity building Zoonoses Wildlife Avian diseases Aquatic animal diseases Animal welfare Diagnosis, biotechnology and laboratory Veterinary medicinal products ...
... techniques within the remit of the mandate given by the OIE Disease control Epidemiology, surveillance, risk assessment, modelling Training, capacity building Zoonoses Wildlife Avian diseases Aquatic animal diseases Animal welfare Diagnosis, biotechnology and laboratory Veterinary medicinal products ...
THE ANIMAL HEALTH AND DISEASE CONTROL POSITION IN
... All farms in Denmark are registered in the national farm and Livestock register under the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries. The register contains a special section for veterinary matters including the name and address of the practising veterinarian at the farm. Animals in Danish herds mus ...
... All farms in Denmark are registered in the national farm and Livestock register under the Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries. The register contains a special section for veterinary matters including the name and address of the practising veterinarian at the farm. Animals in Danish herds mus ...
Lagos bat virus virulence in mice inoculated by the peripheral route
... II [5]. It has been suggested that WCBV could be considered as a representative of an independent phylogroup III in lieu of genetic distance and absence of serological cross-reactivity with both phylogroups I and II members [6, 7]. Preliminary pathogenicity studies indicated that WCBV was pathogenic ...
... II [5]. It has been suggested that WCBV could be considered as a representative of an independent phylogroup III in lieu of genetic distance and absence of serological cross-reactivity with both phylogroups I and II members [6, 7]. Preliminary pathogenicity studies indicated that WCBV was pathogenic ...
Hendra virus disease in horses
... Megachiroptera family, and unusual hosts, s u c h as horses for HeV, or pigs, d o g s and cats for Nipah virus. T h e m e c h a n i s m of transfer of the virus from the usual to the unusual animal host is n o t understood, nor is the m o d e of transmission to humans, although close contact with th ...
... Megachiroptera family, and unusual hosts, s u c h as horses for HeV, or pigs, d o g s and cats for Nipah virus. T h e m e c h a n i s m of transfer of the virus from the usual to the unusual animal host is n o t understood, nor is the m o d e of transmission to humans, although close contact with th ...
Full Text
... can also get infected.13 In general, if people have contact with, or eat the infected reservoir of an infected animal, they may get infected.14 However, in order for any larger scale personto-person transmission to occur (as in the past Ebola outbreak), the virus would have to spread through the blo ...
... can also get infected.13 In general, if people have contact with, or eat the infected reservoir of an infected animal, they may get infected.14 However, in order for any larger scale personto-person transmission to occur (as in the past Ebola outbreak), the virus would have to spread through the blo ...
Smallpox - Columbia University
... • Several factors contribute to the growing danger of smallpox as a biological weapon: – A terrorist movement or the military command of a state could arrive at the conclusion that an attack with variola in the USA could allow the epidemic to remain local because of the vigorous countermeasures expe ...
... • Several factors contribute to the growing danger of smallpox as a biological weapon: – A terrorist movement or the military command of a state could arrive at the conclusion that an attack with variola in the USA could allow the epidemic to remain local because of the vigorous countermeasures expe ...
Classification Flow Chart (Adapted from UNH Shipment of Biological
... Substances that have been neutralized or inactivated such that they no longer pose a health risk Environmental samples which are not considered to pose a significant risk of infection Dried blood spots and fecal occult blood screening tests Blood or blood components which have been collected for the ...
... Substances that have been neutralized or inactivated such that they no longer pose a health risk Environmental samples which are not considered to pose a significant risk of infection Dried blood spots and fecal occult blood screening tests Blood or blood components which have been collected for the ...
AVIAN INFECTIOUS BURSAL DISEASE VACCINE (LIVE) Vaccinum
... described below. Prepare 3 to 4 days after administration a suspension from the bursa of Fabricius of each chicken and pool these samples. Administer 0.05 ml of the pooled samples by eye-drop to each of 5 other chickens of the same age and origin. Carry out this passage operation not fewer than 5 ti ...
... described below. Prepare 3 to 4 days after administration a suspension from the bursa of Fabricius of each chicken and pool these samples. Administer 0.05 ml of the pooled samples by eye-drop to each of 5 other chickens of the same age and origin. Carry out this passage operation not fewer than 5 ti ...
THE GLOBAL THREAT OF EMERGENT/REEMERGENT VECTOR
... At the beginning of the 20th century, epidemic vector-borne diseases were among the most important global public health problems (Gubler, 1998, 2002a). Diseases such as yellow fever (YF), dengue fever (DF), plague, louse-borne Typhus, malaria, etc., caused explosive epidemics affecting thousands of ...
... At the beginning of the 20th century, epidemic vector-borne diseases were among the most important global public health problems (Gubler, 1998, 2002a). Diseases such as yellow fever (YF), dengue fever (DF), plague, louse-borne Typhus, malaria, etc., caused explosive epidemics affecting thousands of ...
Keith Hamilton
... Confirmatory testing, pathogen isolation and characterisation report positive findings to the international community ...
... Confirmatory testing, pathogen isolation and characterisation report positive findings to the international community ...
The Regionalisation of Avian Flu in Southeast Asia
... levels – of the host nation-state, which if left unchecked can then spill over the border into other states. Colebatch and Larmour identify three meta-level sectors where such failures can occur: the bureaucracy, the market, or the community. 11 Bureaucratic failure occurs when time constraints and ...
... levels – of the host nation-state, which if left unchecked can then spill over the border into other states. Colebatch and Larmour identify three meta-level sectors where such failures can occur: the bureaucracy, the market, or the community. 11 Bureaucratic failure occurs when time constraints and ...
ibdvupdate_susan - Cairo University Scholars
... is acute highly contagious viral disease of young chickens characterized by enlargement of the bursa of Fabricius and sever renal damages (Ivanyi and Morris, 1976). Acute IBD emerged in 1980s (Jackwood, et al., 1982). IBD was first reported in Egyptian flocks in the early seventies (El-Sergany et al ...
... is acute highly contagious viral disease of young chickens characterized by enlargement of the bursa of Fabricius and sever renal damages (Ivanyi and Morris, 1976). Acute IBD emerged in 1980s (Jackwood, et al., 1982). IBD was first reported in Egyptian flocks in the early seventies (El-Sergany et al ...
Rinderpest
Rinderpest (also cattle plague or steppe murrain) was an infectious viral disease of cattle, domestic buffalo, and some other species of even-toed ungulates, including buffaloes, large antelope and deer, giraffes, wildebeests, and warthogs. The disease was characterized by fever, oral erosions, diarrhea, tenesmus, lymphoid necrosis, and high mortality. Death rates during outbreaks were usually extremely high, approaching 100% in immunologically naïve populations. Rinderpest was mainly transmitted by direct contact and by drinking contaminated water, although it could also be transmitted by air. After a global eradication campaign, the last confirmed case of rinderpest was diagnosed in 2001.On 14 October 2010, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) announced that field activities in the decades-long, worldwide campaign to eradicate the disease were ending, paving the way for a formal declaration in June 2011 of the global eradication of rinderpest. On 25 May 2011, the World Organisation for Animal Health announced the free status of the last eight countries not yet recognized (a total of 198 countries were now free of the disease), officially declaring the eradication of the disease. In June 2011, the United Nations FAO confirmed the disease was eradicated, making rinderpest only the second disease in history to be fully wiped out, following smallpox.Rinderpest is believed to have originated in Asia, later spreading through the transport of cattle. The term Rinderpest is a German word meaning ""cattle-plague"". The rinderpest virus (RPV) was closely related to the measles and canine distemper viruses.