city of santa cruz city climate change vulnerability assessment
... include providing police, fire, water, waste collection and removal, emergency response, land‐use planning and management, redevelopment investment, and other local services. b. Maintaining fiscal discipline in carrying out the roles of government. This means investing in short and long‐term ne ...
... include providing police, fire, water, waste collection and removal, emergency response, land‐use planning and management, redevelopment investment, and other local services. b. Maintaining fiscal discipline in carrying out the roles of government. This means investing in short and long‐term ne ...
Evaluation of FAO's contribution to climate change adaptation and mitigation
... Many other development organizations, including those with far greater resources than FAO, have engaged directly with governments in country on climate change and the agricultural sectors much more so than FAO has, and member countries continue to develop their own capacities in these fields. In thi ...
... Many other development organizations, including those with far greater resources than FAO, have engaged directly with governments in country on climate change and the agricultural sectors much more so than FAO has, and member countries continue to develop their own capacities in these fields. In thi ...
Studies of the aerosol indirect effect from sulfate Jo´n Egill Kristja´nsson
... concentrations in water clouds. Cloud droplet sizes and top of atmosphere (TOA) radiative fluxes are in good agreement with satellite observations. Both components of the indirect effect, i.e., the radius and lifetime effects, are computed as pure forcing terms. Using aerosol data for 2000 from the ...
... concentrations in water clouds. Cloud droplet sizes and top of atmosphere (TOA) radiative fluxes are in good agreement with satellite observations. Both components of the indirect effect, i.e., the radius and lifetime effects, are computed as pure forcing terms. Using aerosol data for 2000 from the ...
Climate Change in the Caribbean and the Challenge of Adaptation
... climate change due to human activities, and putting an end to arguments on the scientific credibility surrounding global warming. The fourth IPCC Report reveals consistent trends of how the world’s climate is evolving2 towards increased warming with profound consequences for the global climate and, ...
... climate change due to human activities, and putting an end to arguments on the scientific credibility surrounding global warming. The fourth IPCC Report reveals consistent trends of how the world’s climate is evolving2 towards increased warming with profound consequences for the global climate and, ...
Responses to projected changes in climate and UV
... (Mean of the 5 ACIA scenarios). Phenology in terms of bud burst and flowering in ITEX and earlier experiments (35, 36) was advanced in warming treatments at some sites. In Swedish Lapland, growth accelerated and the period between thawing and anther appearance advanced by 2 weeks (37). In contrast, ...
... (Mean of the 5 ACIA scenarios). Phenology in terms of bud burst and flowering in ITEX and earlier experiments (35, 36) was advanced in warming treatments at some sites. In Swedish Lapland, growth accelerated and the period between thawing and anther appearance advanced by 2 weeks (37). In contrast, ...
Enhancing Agricultural Yields Sierra Leone
... climate change mitigation and adaptation interventions and research. They lack the coping capacity to tackle climate change problems. This situation is likely to have negative repercussions on developing countries like Sierra Leone. It is estimated that any 2-30C rise in temperature will potentially ...
... climate change mitigation and adaptation interventions and research. They lack the coping capacity to tackle climate change problems. This situation is likely to have negative repercussions on developing countries like Sierra Leone. It is estimated that any 2-30C rise in temperature will potentially ...
Role of winter temperature and climate change on the survival and
... dead adelgid are black, brittle when squeezed, or produced a clear droplet of liquid when ...
... dead adelgid are black, brittle when squeezed, or produced a clear droplet of liquid when ...
Responses to projected changes in climate and UV
... (Mean of the 5 ACIA scenarios). Phenology in terms of bud burst and flowering in ITEX and earlier experiments (35, 36) was advanced in warming treatments at some sites. In Swedish Lapland, growth accelerated and the period between thawing and anther appearance advanced by 2 weeks (37). In contrast, ...
... (Mean of the 5 ACIA scenarios). Phenology in terms of bud burst and flowering in ITEX and earlier experiments (35, 36) was advanced in warming treatments at some sites. In Swedish Lapland, growth accelerated and the period between thawing and anther appearance advanced by 2 weeks (37). In contrast, ...
T M Climate Negotiations After the Copenhagen Overview of Emissions Targets
... Greenhouse gas emissions reduction pledges submitted to the UNFCCC as part of the Copenhagen Accord process are insufficient to limit temperature increase to 2°C relative to pre-industrial global mean temperatures. Only a few reports have analyzed the emissions reductions goals expressed by various ...
... Greenhouse gas emissions reduction pledges submitted to the UNFCCC as part of the Copenhagen Accord process are insufficient to limit temperature increase to 2°C relative to pre-industrial global mean temperatures. Only a few reports have analyzed the emissions reductions goals expressed by various ...
Environmentally Induced Migration and Displacement - sid
... conditions. However, the increase in the magnitude and geographical scale of environmental change caused or exacerbated by both climate change and human activity have led many in the academic circles and in the international community to refer to environmentally induced migration as a new type of ph ...
... conditions. However, the increase in the magnitude and geographical scale of environmental change caused or exacerbated by both climate change and human activity have led many in the academic circles and in the international community to refer to environmentally induced migration as a new type of ph ...
Adapting to Climate Change: Challenges for
... solar rays that reach the earth’s surface. This helps warm the planet. ...
... solar rays that reach the earth’s surface. This helps warm the planet. ...
The Changing Arctic Cryosphere and Likely Consequences: An
... biological linkages within and between Arctic ecosystems, as well as causing positive feedback effects on atmospheric warming, for example through reduced albedo and increased emissions of greenhouse gases. All of these climate-related effects are compounded by rapid socio-economic development in th ...
... biological linkages within and between Arctic ecosystems, as well as causing positive feedback effects on atmospheric warming, for example through reduced albedo and increased emissions of greenhouse gases. All of these climate-related effects are compounded by rapid socio-economic development in th ...
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF THE GREEN CLIMATE FUND*
... the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in recent years. However, the GCF has not progressed smoothly, and currently there are no satisfactory schemes for raising and distributing the fund. This paper first discusses how to finance the GCF among Annex II countries. It intr ...
... the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in recent years. However, the GCF has not progressed smoothly, and currently there are no satisfactory schemes for raising and distributing the fund. This paper first discusses how to finance the GCF among Annex II countries. It intr ...
Urban Climate Change Adaptation and Resilience
... warming and climate change at the global scale, providing information about the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) along with some practical considerations regarding the models and assumptions that are used to develop projections of future climate conditions. The module provides projec ...
... warming and climate change at the global scale, providing information about the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) along with some practical considerations regarding the models and assumptions that are used to develop projections of future climate conditions. The module provides projec ...
European cities adapt to climate change
... Good evidence base allows presenting politicians and stakeholders with facts and gaining their support. However, it was observed that for many cities there is still limited availability of evidence at the local level. Data on issues relating to social vulnerability is much more broadly available at ...
... Good evidence base allows presenting politicians and stakeholders with facts and gaining their support. However, it was observed that for many cities there is still limited availability of evidence at the local level. Data on issues relating to social vulnerability is much more broadly available at ...
Urban Climate Change Adaptation and - East
... warming and climate change at the global scale, providing information about the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) along with some practical considerations regarding the models and assumptions that are used to develop projections of future climate conditions. The module provides projec ...
... warming and climate change at the global scale, providing information about the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) along with some practical considerations regarding the models and assumptions that are used to develop projections of future climate conditions. The module provides projec ...
Integrating Climate Change into Northeast and Midwest State
... presented in this document, including discussions about uncertainty and approaches for coping with uncertainty. Next, we provide a summary of many of the climate trends that have been observed or are projected to occur in the region, particularly those relevant to wildlife and their habitats. Our di ...
... presented in this document, including discussions about uncertainty and approaches for coping with uncertainty. Next, we provide a summary of many of the climate trends that have been observed or are projected to occur in the region, particularly those relevant to wildlife and their habitats. Our di ...
Climate Change Adaptation in Indian Country
... The symptoms of climate change-rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and increased risk of wildfire-put the lands, livelihoods, and lives of tribal members in jeopardy. Indigenous peoples, many of whom have fought for centuries to preserve access to ancestral lands and traditional hunting areas ...
... The symptoms of climate change-rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and increased risk of wildfire-put the lands, livelihoods, and lives of tribal members in jeopardy. Indigenous peoples, many of whom have fought for centuries to preserve access to ancestral lands and traditional hunting areas ...
Economics of Climate Change Kenya
... Extreme events. Even in the absence of climate change, the economic costs of the periodic floods and droughts that affect Kenya could rise significantly in future years, due to socio-economic change (population and economic growth). The study has assessed these changes and finds that in the absence ...
... Extreme events. Even in the absence of climate change, the economic costs of the periodic floods and droughts that affect Kenya could rise significantly in future years, due to socio-economic change (population and economic growth). The study has assessed these changes and finds that in the absence ...
Methane - Clean Air Task Force
... oxidation of sulfur dioxides (SO2) to produce sulfates—reflective aerosols that exert a net cooling effect—CH4 reduces sulfate concentrations, thus resulting in more warming. A recent climate model calculation suggests that methane’s depletion of atmospheric hydroxyls may substantially increase its ...
... oxidation of sulfur dioxides (SO2) to produce sulfates—reflective aerosols that exert a net cooling effect—CH4 reduces sulfate concentrations, thus resulting in more warming. A recent climate model calculation suggests that methane’s depletion of atmospheric hydroxyls may substantially increase its ...
How Can African Agriculture Adapt to Climate Change?
... perception and adaptation. Specifically, farmers were asked what adjustments they made in response to long-term shifts in temperature and/or rainfall. Farmers in the study sites have undertaken a number of adaptation measures, including changing crop varieties, adopting soil conservation measures, a ...
... perception and adaptation. Specifically, farmers were asked what adjustments they made in response to long-term shifts in temperature and/or rainfall. Farmers in the study sites have undertaken a number of adaptation measures, including changing crop varieties, adopting soil conservation measures, a ...
AAWG Conference Abstracts 2014
... (Hawaii) releases far more CO2 than volcanoes at convergent plate boundaries, which produce mainly water vapour. Gases at pull-apart margins are also dominated by water vapour, but with a significant component of sulphur dioxide and carbon dioxide. Volcanoes add 130-230 million tonnes of CO2 to the ...
... (Hawaii) releases far more CO2 than volcanoes at convergent plate boundaries, which produce mainly water vapour. Gases at pull-apart margins are also dominated by water vapour, but with a significant component of sulphur dioxide and carbon dioxide. Volcanoes add 130-230 million tonnes of CO2 to the ...
Outlook on climate change adaptation in the Tropical Andes
... on mountains and adaptation is another barrier to successful policy development and implementation, especially at the sub-national government levels. Since the impact of climate change occurs over decades and centuries, adaptation policies should ideally be based on long-term observations in combina ...
... on mountains and adaptation is another barrier to successful policy development and implementation, especially at the sub-national government levels. Since the impact of climate change occurs over decades and centuries, adaptation policies should ideally be based on long-term observations in combina ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).