Sensitivity of Potato Yield to Climate Change
... have been developed by human activity over a long period of time. Accordance of plant demands with the given climatic and environmental conditions for agricultural crops is the most important precondition for high productivity if climatic changes as projected by atmospheric scientists (IPCC) [6 ] ad ...
... have been developed by human activity over a long period of time. Accordance of plant demands with the given climatic and environmental conditions for agricultural crops is the most important precondition for high productivity if climatic changes as projected by atmospheric scientists (IPCC) [6 ] ad ...
France - IUCN Academy of Environmental Law
... and reconciles the protection and husbanding of the environment with economic development and social progress. By putting this charter at the top of the hierarchy of standards, France showed her commitment to the environment issue.2 The Multiyear Sectorial Estimates Act of 2005 sets the guidelines ...
... and reconciles the protection and husbanding of the environment with economic development and social progress. By putting this charter at the top of the hierarchy of standards, France showed her commitment to the environment issue.2 The Multiyear Sectorial Estimates Act of 2005 sets the guidelines ...
A Contingent Valuation Study Comparing Citizen`s WTP for Climate
... Nemet, G.F. & Johnson, E. (2010). Willingness to Pay for Climate Policy: A Review of Estimates. – La Follette School of Public Affairs, University of Wisconsin, Madison ...
... Nemet, G.F. & Johnson, E. (2010). Willingness to Pay for Climate Policy: A Review of Estimates. – La Follette School of Public Affairs, University of Wisconsin, Madison ...
cop20
... information on their commitment plans, for the purpose of clarity and understanding, as well to allow ex ante consideration of their nationally determined contributions by the international community. The ex ante assessment process will lead to a review of, or revising of the INDCs before inscriptio ...
... information on their commitment plans, for the purpose of clarity and understanding, as well to allow ex ante consideration of their nationally determined contributions by the international community. The ex ante assessment process will lead to a review of, or revising of the INDCs before inscriptio ...
Resurrection ecology and global climate change research in
... Abstract. The complex effects of global climate change on freshwater ecosystems limit our ability to predict biological responses in a standard way and may compromise ecosystem management with respect to potential changes. I present a theoretical framework that shows the usefulness of resurrection e ...
... Abstract. The complex effects of global climate change on freshwater ecosystems limit our ability to predict biological responses in a standard way and may compromise ecosystem management with respect to potential changes. I present a theoretical framework that shows the usefulness of resurrection e ...
Global Warming
... Global warming is a significant increase in the Earth's climatic temperature over a relatively short period of time as a result of the activities of humans. ...
... Global warming is a significant increase in the Earth's climatic temperature over a relatively short period of time as a result of the activities of humans. ...
Document
... The possibility that human and other forms of life on earth will flourish forever -- John Ehrenfeld, Professor Emeritus. MIT – ...
... The possibility that human and other forms of life on earth will flourish forever -- John Ehrenfeld, Professor Emeritus. MIT – ...
Biome Models - Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research
... as a function of climate, they also influence atmospheric processes in a way that differs between biome types. Important characteristics for this influence are the roughness of the canopy (which influences the characteristics of the surface boundary layer), its albedo (which affects the energy balan ...
... as a function of climate, they also influence atmospheric processes in a way that differs between biome types. Important characteristics for this influence are the roughness of the canopy (which influences the characteristics of the surface boundary layer), its albedo (which affects the energy balan ...
5.6.2 Water temperature
... Future increases in air temperature associated with climate change are likely to result in generally shorter periods of ice cover on lakes and rivers. The most rapid decrease in the duration of ice cover will occur in the temperate region where the ice season is already short or only occurs in cold ...
... Future increases in air temperature associated with climate change are likely to result in generally shorter periods of ice cover on lakes and rivers. The most rapid decrease in the duration of ice cover will occur in the temperate region where the ice season is already short or only occurs in cold ...
'Sensitivity of climate change detection and attribution to the characterization of internal climate variability'
... data set to test the sensitivity of the results to the addition of the last seven years of obser- ...
... data set to test the sensitivity of the results to the addition of the last seven years of obser- ...
Climate change and ecosystems of the Mid
... these potential future changes. Over the last 100 yr, average conditions have become warmer and wetter: average precipitation has gone up 10% (linearly) and average temperature has risen by 1°F. In the same period, the MAR region has seen a decrease in the number of very hot days (i.e. temperatures ...
... these potential future changes. Over the last 100 yr, average conditions have become warmer and wetter: average precipitation has gone up 10% (linearly) and average temperature has risen by 1°F. In the same period, the MAR region has seen a decrease in the number of very hot days (i.e. temperatures ...
2007 Exam 3 Study Guide - University of Arizona | Ecology and
... 42. What are some components of indoor air pollution and what are they from? 43. How does mercury end up in the environment? Why does it bioaccumulate? 44. What role does ozone play in the stratosphere? What causes ozone holes? Why are there seasonal ozone holes at the poles? 45. What are the health ...
... 42. What are some components of indoor air pollution and what are they from? 43. How does mercury end up in the environment? Why does it bioaccumulate? 44. What role does ozone play in the stratosphere? What causes ozone holes? Why are there seasonal ozone holes at the poles? 45. What are the health ...
Climate change adaptation in Scotland Indicator
... as a direct consequence of climate change. The condition of snow-bed specialist bryophytes will be assessed over several cycles of SCM, and if further decline in condition is confirmed as a consequence of external pressures (such as climate change) it could trigger their removal from the SSSI citati ...
... as a direct consequence of climate change. The condition of snow-bed specialist bryophytes will be assessed over several cycles of SCM, and if further decline in condition is confirmed as a consequence of external pressures (such as climate change) it could trigger their removal from the SSSI citati ...
Comment by: Patrick J. Michaels and Paul C. Knappenberger
... The likelihood of occurrence of these low probability, high impact, events (“tipping points”) is greatly diminished under the new ECS findings. The average 95th percentile value of the new literature survey is only 3.5°C indicating a very low probability of a warming reaching 3-5°C by 2100 as indic ...
... The likelihood of occurrence of these low probability, high impact, events (“tipping points”) is greatly diminished under the new ECS findings. The average 95th percentile value of the new literature survey is only 3.5°C indicating a very low probability of a warming reaching 3-5°C by 2100 as indic ...
Atmospheric circulation and hydroclimate impacts of alternative
... noted above. There is also a marked reduction in EKE in the western equatorial Pacific, in the same region where precipitation decreases. Much of the sub-seasonal variability in the tropics is due to the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO). As discussed elsewhere (Caballero and Huber, 2010; Arnold et al ...
... noted above. There is also a marked reduction in EKE in the western equatorial Pacific, in the same region where precipitation decreases. Much of the sub-seasonal variability in the tropics is due to the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO). As discussed elsewhere (Caballero and Huber, 2010; Arnold et al ...
The Real Truth about Greenhouse Gases and Climate Change:
... Comment (MCM): First, when a scientist asserts we know a value from the past with more accuracy than at present (i.e., “was 270 ppm,” and with no specified time reference given, versus “about 390 ppm” at present), it is good to be cautious. Generally, air bubbles trapped in glacial ice indicate that ...
... Comment (MCM): First, when a scientist asserts we know a value from the past with more accuracy than at present (i.e., “was 270 ppm,” and with no specified time reference given, versus “about 390 ppm” at present), it is good to be cautious. Generally, air bubbles trapped in glacial ice indicate that ...
Climate Change: Overview and Implications for Wildlife
... not only be quite different from more recent previous climates, but they may also be quite different from those inferred from paleoclimatic data and from those to which some existing species are evolutionarily adapted. Therefore, past changes do provide a backdrop or context to gauge future changes, ...
... not only be quite different from more recent previous climates, but they may also be quite different from those inferred from paleoclimatic data and from those to which some existing species are evolutionarily adapted. Therefore, past changes do provide a backdrop or context to gauge future changes, ...
Earth 104 Activity: Modeling the Economics of Climate Change
... 1 reflecting a policy where we do the maximum possible. Note that when ECR = 1, then the whole Emissions equation above gives a result of 0 — that is, no human emissions of carbon to the atmosphere from the burning of fossil fuels. In our model, the ECR is initially set to 0.005, but it can be alter ...
... 1 reflecting a policy where we do the maximum possible. Note that when ECR = 1, then the whole Emissions equation above gives a result of 0 — that is, no human emissions of carbon to the atmosphere from the burning of fossil fuels. In our model, the ECR is initially set to 0.005, but it can be alter ...
S1-all - North Pacific Marine Science Organization
... The TINRO-Centre conducts ecosystem studies in the northwestern Pacific for over 30-year period. These studies include an analysis of the status and dynamics of pelagic and benthic communities in the Sea of Okhotsk and the western Bering Sea. The new data obtained during ecosystem studies had change ...
... The TINRO-Centre conducts ecosystem studies in the northwestern Pacific for over 30-year period. These studies include an analysis of the status and dynamics of pelagic and benthic communities in the Sea of Okhotsk and the western Bering Sea. The new data obtained during ecosystem studies had change ...
PMIP
... Past climate simulations also allow us to test the simulated climate sensitivity. AGCM parameterizations are developed and validated by using present-day observations. However, current data cannot ensure that these parameterizations will produce a correct sensitivity of the climate. Past climates of ...
... Past climate simulations also allow us to test the simulated climate sensitivity. AGCM parameterizations are developed and validated by using present-day observations. However, current data cannot ensure that these parameterizations will produce a correct sensitivity of the climate. Past climates of ...
“It is getting cooler” “the warming has stopped”
... 3. Ice core data shows that CO2 rises before the temperature does. 4. The extra CO2 is not from fossil fuels. 5. CO2 makes up a very small proportion of the atmosphere. 6. Water vapour is a more important greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide. 7. The warming is caused by natural and solar cycles 8. The ...
... 3. Ice core data shows that CO2 rises before the temperature does. 4. The extra CO2 is not from fossil fuels. 5. CO2 makes up a very small proportion of the atmosphere. 6. Water vapour is a more important greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide. 7. The warming is caused by natural and solar cycles 8. The ...
Climate Change Impacts on U.S. Coastal and Marine Ecosystems
... m of the oceans has increased by 0.318C over the past 45 yr (Levitus et al. 2000) with the warming signal observable to depths of 3,000 m. Evidence suggests that the signal was primarily due to climate change with anthropogenic causes, as opposed to climate variability (Levitus et al. 2001). These r ...
... m of the oceans has increased by 0.318C over the past 45 yr (Levitus et al. 2000) with the warming signal observable to depths of 3,000 m. Evidence suggests that the signal was primarily due to climate change with anthropogenic causes, as opposed to climate variability (Levitus et al. 2001). These r ...
PPAI Goals - US CLIVAR
... - Role of ENSO in drought - Role of ENSO in US prediction skill - Role of ENSO in hurricane development * Tasks would include studies of predictability & experimental predictions for tropical Pacific variability characteristics * Leverage ongoing decadal predictability experiments at GFDL & NCAR; ex ...
... - Role of ENSO in drought - Role of ENSO in US prediction skill - Role of ENSO in hurricane development * Tasks would include studies of predictability & experimental predictions for tropical Pacific variability characteristics * Leverage ongoing decadal predictability experiments at GFDL & NCAR; ex ...
Draft Note to the meeting of the Programme Committee on 28
... Background, purpose and procedures Climate change is widely seen as one of the most serious challenges in the 21st century, and it is clearly linked to security, poverty reduction, access to natural resources, human rights and sustainable development. The international efforts to mitigate and adapt ...
... Background, purpose and procedures Climate change is widely seen as one of the most serious challenges in the 21st century, and it is clearly linked to security, poverty reduction, access to natural resources, human rights and sustainable development. The international efforts to mitigate and adapt ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).