A comprehensive set of high-resolution grids of monthly climate for
... It is desirable that any study of the potential consequences of future climate change should use the best available information about projected climates. These projections are most commonly obtained from global climate model (GCM) simulations of the climate response to a given scenario of future gre ...
... It is desirable that any study of the potential consequences of future climate change should use the best available information about projected climates. These projections are most commonly obtained from global climate model (GCM) simulations of the climate response to a given scenario of future gre ...
Simulated Global-Mean Sea Level Changes over
... (HadCM3), which is an unfluxadjusted atmosphere– ocean general circulation model (AOGCM) having a resolution of 2.5° latitude ⫻ 3.75° longitude ⫻ 19 levels in the atmosphere, and 1.25° ⫻ 1.25° ⫻ 20 levels in the ocean. More details of the model and its parameterizations and CONTROL experiment (with ...
... (HadCM3), which is an unfluxadjusted atmosphere– ocean general circulation model (AOGCM) having a resolution of 2.5° latitude ⫻ 3.75° longitude ⫻ 19 levels in the atmosphere, and 1.25° ⫻ 1.25° ⫻ 20 levels in the ocean. More details of the model and its parameterizations and CONTROL experiment (with ...
The Critical Decade: Tasmanian impacts and
... The community of Clarence east of Hobart has a long history of coastal erosion and flooding events, caused by severe weather and storm surges (Figure 4). Storms in July 2011 resulted in dune erosion of up to five metres and many flooded Lauderdale residences. With 191 km of coastline and a large num ...
... The community of Clarence east of Hobart has a long history of coastal erosion and flooding events, caused by severe weather and storm surges (Figure 4). Storms in July 2011 resulted in dune erosion of up to five metres and many flooded Lauderdale residences. With 191 km of coastline and a large num ...
McCaffery 2010
... quire resources over much shorter growing seasons than low elevation individuals. Similarly, tadpoles must be able to develop and metamorphose over a short season or survive long cold winters. In these environments, longer growing seasons due to climate warming may allow more time for adults, juveni ...
... quire resources over much shorter growing seasons than low elevation individuals. Similarly, tadpoles must be able to develop and metamorphose over a short season or survive long cold winters. In these environments, longer growing seasons due to climate warming may allow more time for adults, juveni ...
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... add the forest component to the existing climate change adaptation literature. We examine land use types with or without forests, either with crops and/or livestock. In Africa, land used for either crops, livestock, or forests account for most of the land area in the continent (UNEP 2008). The chang ...
... add the forest component to the existing climate change adaptation literature. We examine land use types with or without forests, either with crops and/or livestock. In Africa, land used for either crops, livestock, or forests account for most of the land area in the continent (UNEP 2008). The chang ...
Simulated Global-Mean Sea Level Changes over the Last Half
... (HadCM3), which is an unfluxadjusted atmosphere– ocean general circulation model (AOGCM) having a resolution of 2.5° latitude ⫻ 3.75° longitude ⫻ 19 levels in the atmosphere, and 1.25° ⫻ 1.25° ⫻ 20 levels in the ocean. More details of the model and its parameterizations and CONTROL experiment (with ...
... (HadCM3), which is an unfluxadjusted atmosphere– ocean general circulation model (AOGCM) having a resolution of 2.5° latitude ⫻ 3.75° longitude ⫻ 19 levels in the atmosphere, and 1.25° ⫻ 1.25° ⫻ 20 levels in the ocean. More details of the model and its parameterizations and CONTROL experiment (with ...
This paper reports on a special health concern identified in Barrow
... salmonella, a bacteria that causes fever, diarrhea and abdominal cramps (Kovats et al., 2004). Bacteria must multiply before enough are present in food to cause illness. Given warm, moist conditions and an ample supply of nutrients, one bacterium can produce millions of progeny in a single day. ...
... salmonella, a bacteria that causes fever, diarrhea and abdominal cramps (Kovats et al., 2004). Bacteria must multiply before enough are present in food to cause illness. Given warm, moist conditions and an ample supply of nutrients, one bacterium can produce millions of progeny in a single day. ...
Global Warming: Pollution: Greenhouse Gases
... activities going on in the U.S so the more human activity the more greenhouse gases are given out. The main gas that has been used from 1990-2006 is CO2 (carbon dioxide). This gas is one of the main effects to climate change and since there has been large amounts used it has cause a lot of carbon em ...
... activities going on in the U.S so the more human activity the more greenhouse gases are given out. The main gas that has been used from 1990-2006 is CO2 (carbon dioxide). This gas is one of the main effects to climate change and since there has been large amounts used it has cause a lot of carbon em ...
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... Extensive literature indicates that households with large sizes tend to embark upon labour intensive technology (Featherstone and Goodwin, 1993). Alternatively, research has proved that a large family is mostly inclined to divert part of its labour force into non-farm activities to generate more inc ...
... Extensive literature indicates that households with large sizes tend to embark upon labour intensive technology (Featherstone and Goodwin, 1993). Alternatively, research has proved that a large family is mostly inclined to divert part of its labour force into non-farm activities to generate more inc ...
15 May 2009 SUBMISSION CLIMATE CHANGE AND
... affected State. Dual nationality may therefore need to be permitted at least for a transitional period. As well, a waiver may be required of formal requirements for renunciation or acquisition of nationality which might be difficult to fulfil for affected populations. Such arrangements would need to ...
... affected State. Dual nationality may therefore need to be permitted at least for a transitional period. As well, a waiver may be required of formal requirements for renunciation or acquisition of nationality which might be difficult to fulfil for affected populations. Such arrangements would need to ...
CHIESA_Idea Paper Phase 2_24052015
... Kilimanjaro in Tanzania and 2.3– 3.0 °C warmer in the Jimma highland in Ethiopia by the year 2070. Plotted trends for the wettest/driest quarters (1981-2013) clearly show the drying trend for Mount Kilimanjaro. However, this is not evidence for climate change per se, but of course it is real and imp ...
... Kilimanjaro in Tanzania and 2.3– 3.0 °C warmer in the Jimma highland in Ethiopia by the year 2070. Plotted trends for the wettest/driest quarters (1981-2013) clearly show the drying trend for Mount Kilimanjaro. However, this is not evidence for climate change per se, but of course it is real and imp ...
"Weather and Climate" Module Lecture Powerpoint.
... • Climate change models can mimic modern conditions only if human emissions are taken into account. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... • Climate change models can mimic modern conditions only if human emissions are taken into account. © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
LCCARL265_en.pdf
... generate future climate projections or climate scenarios 4 through the use of climate models. In general terms, a climate model could be defined as a mathematical representation of the climate system based on physical, biophysical and chemical principles (figure 1). As the atmospheric weather and th ...
... generate future climate projections or climate scenarios 4 through the use of climate models. In general terms, a climate model could be defined as a mathematical representation of the climate system based on physical, biophysical and chemical principles (figure 1). As the atmospheric weather and th ...
Print - Climate Change Knowledge Portal
... The increased construction of immovable structures near the shoreline zone prone to inundation may need to be reconsidered, along with the need to avoid development in areas subject to liquefaction during earthquakes. The emerging peri-urban slum areas present a major challenge in this respect. ...
... The increased construction of immovable structures near the shoreline zone prone to inundation may need to be reconsidered, along with the need to avoid development in areas subject to liquefaction during earthquakes. The emerging peri-urban slum areas present a major challenge in this respect. ...
Climate Change and National Security
... warning about the potential security consequences of global warming, but the proposed solutions that accompanied recent efforts have emphasized broader climate policy rather than specific responses to security threats. Because the links between climate change and national security are worthy of conc ...
... warning about the potential security consequences of global warming, but the proposed solutions that accompanied recent efforts have emphasized broader climate policy rather than specific responses to security threats. Because the links between climate change and national security are worthy of conc ...
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... Developed by the EPA, this software assists drinking water and wastewater utility owners and operators in understanding potential climate change threats and in assessing the related risks at their individual utilities. CREAT provides users with access to the most recent national assessment of climat ...
... Developed by the EPA, this software assists drinking water and wastewater utility owners and operators in understanding potential climate change threats and in assessing the related risks at their individual utilities. CREAT provides users with access to the most recent national assessment of climat ...
Climate Change Vulnerability: Linking Impacts and Adaptation
... Environmental Change Institute Oxford ...
... Environmental Change Institute Oxford ...
The 1430s: a cold period of extraordinary internal climate variability
... 1450 were consistently average or warm (for the years 1430– 1439; Luterbacher et al., 2016; see Fig. S1 in the Supplement). Striking is the very cold decade 1451–1460, which is a consistent feature across all summer temperature proxy series and coincides with two very large consecutive volcanic erup ...
... 1450 were consistently average or warm (for the years 1430– 1439; Luterbacher et al., 2016; see Fig. S1 in the Supplement). Striking is the very cold decade 1451–1460, which is a consistent feature across all summer temperature proxy series and coincides with two very large consecutive volcanic erup ...
Journalistic Narratives of Success and Failure at
... stated that “coverage of global warming had an immediate but short-term influence on public concern” (Sampei & Aoyagi-Usui, 2009). While newspaper coverage can influence public concern, others have found that coverage sometimes has the opposite effect in the long run (Hulme, 2007). Hulme criticises ...
... stated that “coverage of global warming had an immediate but short-term influence on public concern” (Sampei & Aoyagi-Usui, 2009). While newspaper coverage can influence public concern, others have found that coverage sometimes has the opposite effect in the long run (Hulme, 2007). Hulme criticises ...
Climate change and seafood safety: Human health implications
... 2.1. Climate change and the oceans About 520 million people (i.e., around 8% of the world’s population) depend on seafood as a source of protein, income or family stability (FAO, 2009). The oceans and estuaries (i.e., productive coastal environments where rivers meet the sea) that support these fishe ...
... 2.1. Climate change and the oceans About 520 million people (i.e., around 8% of the world’s population) depend on seafood as a source of protein, income or family stability (FAO, 2009). The oceans and estuaries (i.e., productive coastal environments where rivers meet the sea) that support these fishe ...
The Climate and Cryosphere
... form and describes the elements of the earth system containing water in its frozen state and includes sea ice, lake and river ice, snow cover, solid precipitation, glaciers, ice caps, ice sheets, ice shelves and icebergs, permafrost, and seasonally frozen ground. The cryosphere is an integral part o ...
... form and describes the elements of the earth system containing water in its frozen state and includes sea ice, lake and river ice, snow cover, solid precipitation, glaciers, ice caps, ice sheets, ice shelves and icebergs, permafrost, and seasonally frozen ground. The cryosphere is an integral part o ...
International Legal Framework
... international economic system that would lead to economic growth and sustainable development in all countries, to better address the problems of environmental degradation. • Trade policy measures for environmental purposes should not constitute a means of arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination or ...
... international economic system that would lead to economic growth and sustainable development in all countries, to better address the problems of environmental degradation. • Trade policy measures for environmental purposes should not constitute a means of arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination or ...
Pinus halepensis Plasticity in Dendroclimatic Response across the )
... generally higher and precipitation lower than the regional average, reduced growth was also associated with warm and dry conditions. In the northern part, where the average temperature was lower and the precipitation more abundant than the regional average, reduced growth was associated with cool co ...
... generally higher and precipitation lower than the regional average, reduced growth was also associated with warm and dry conditions. In the northern part, where the average temperature was lower and the precipitation more abundant than the regional average, reduced growth was associated with cool co ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).