The ocean`s role in polar climate change: asymmetric Arctic and
... models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Projects phase 5 (CMIP5, [59]). In such experiments, coupled models were integrated out to (quasi-) equilibrium forced with preindustrial GHG concentrations. The CO2 concentration was then abruptly quadrupled to study how the coupled climate ...
... models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Projects phase 5 (CMIP5, [59]). In such experiments, coupled models were integrated out to (quasi-) equilibrium forced with preindustrial GHG concentrations. The CO2 concentration was then abruptly quadrupled to study how the coupled climate ...
Impacts of Chinese reactive nitrogen on climate change
... A characteristic feature of climate change is the long atmospheric residence time of ...
... A characteristic feature of climate change is the long atmospheric residence time of ...
Comparative Climate Change Governance: Lessons from European
... TMNs have adapted to the opportunity structure in the EU’s multi-level system to connect and have access to key decision-makers as well as resources (Ladrech, 2005). Most networks concentrate on two goals: representing the interest of their members, at the European level in particular, and facilitat ...
... TMNs have adapted to the opportunity structure in the EU’s multi-level system to connect and have access to key decision-makers as well as resources (Ladrech, 2005). Most networks concentrate on two goals: representing the interest of their members, at the European level in particular, and facilitat ...
Met Office science strategy 2010–2015
... potentially be applied to forecasting tomorrow’s weather as it can to predicting what the statistics of weather — especially hazardous weather — may be like ten or 100 years from now. One of the key strengths of the Met Office is the direct pullthrough of research into improved products and services ...
... potentially be applied to forecasting tomorrow’s weather as it can to predicting what the statistics of weather — especially hazardous weather — may be like ten or 100 years from now. One of the key strengths of the Met Office is the direct pullthrough of research into improved products and services ...
The ocean`s role in polar climate change: asymmetric Arctic and
... models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Projects phase 5 (CMIP5, [59]). In such experiments, coupled models were integrated out to (quasi-) equilibrium forced with preindustrial GHG concentrations. The CO2 concentration was then abruptly quadrupled to study how the coupled climate ...
... models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Projects phase 5 (CMIP5, [59]). In such experiments, coupled models were integrated out to (quasi-) equilibrium forced with preindustrial GHG concentrations. The CO2 concentration was then abruptly quadrupled to study how the coupled climate ...
Climate Change Case Law Update
... taken that the best way for aviation to contribute to the “goal of climate stabilisation” would be through “a well-designed emissions trading regime” (para 3.39). 14 In October 2006 the Stern Review on “the Economics of Climate Challenge” was published. In the words of the claimants' expert (Mr Lock ...
... taken that the best way for aviation to contribute to the “goal of climate stabilisation” would be through “a well-designed emissions trading regime” (para 3.39). 14 In October 2006 the Stern Review on “the Economics of Climate Challenge” was published. In the words of the claimants' expert (Mr Lock ...
EXAMINING THE UNINTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE
... on poverty traps – and the SPM echoes its language on climate change and poverty traps. There is section on emerging risks. The first paper on an issue is always dramatic. That is the only way to get something onto the scientific agenda. Follow-up papers then poohpooh the initial drama. This has bee ...
... on poverty traps – and the SPM echoes its language on climate change and poverty traps. There is section on emerging risks. The first paper on an issue is always dramatic. That is the only way to get something onto the scientific agenda. Follow-up papers then poohpooh the initial drama. This has bee ...
Growing disruption: Climate change, food, and the fight against hunger
... Creeping declines in productivity Climate change is a potent risk multiplier in agriculture. Whilst carbon fertilisation and certain climatic changes could benefit some crops in some regions of the world, its overall impacts are expected to be negative, threatening global food security.13 Slow-onset ...
... Creeping declines in productivity Climate change is a potent risk multiplier in agriculture. Whilst carbon fertilisation and certain climatic changes could benefit some crops in some regions of the world, its overall impacts are expected to be negative, threatening global food security.13 Slow-onset ...
Moving beyond scientific knowledge: leveraging
... Shepardson et al., 2009, Sterman and Sweeney, 2007). The science of climate change is vast and complicated, covering topics such as the greenhouse gas effect, processes and impacts of sea level rise, increases in extreme weather events, changes in precipitation patterns, and resultant changes in hab ...
... Shepardson et al., 2009, Sterman and Sweeney, 2007). The science of climate change is vast and complicated, covering topics such as the greenhouse gas effect, processes and impacts of sea level rise, increases in extreme weather events, changes in precipitation patterns, and resultant changes in hab ...
towards improved climate data records for climate system
... candidate projects. For both these cases, maturity assessments were first done as self assessments which are then followed by external assessments in a form of audit. The CORE-CLIMAX project’s proposition is based on Bates and Privette (2012), but extending the model to more general so that it can b ...
... candidate projects. For both these cases, maturity assessments were first done as self assessments which are then followed by external assessments in a form of audit. The CORE-CLIMAX project’s proposition is based on Bates and Privette (2012), but extending the model to more general so that it can b ...
WRS-08 Presentation
... weather forecasting, disaster prediction, detection, mitigation of negative effect of disasters and data exchange and dissimilation ...
... weather forecasting, disaster prediction, detection, mitigation of negative effect of disasters and data exchange and dissimilation ...
PREPARING FOR CLIMATIC CHANGE: THE WATER, SALMON, AND
... We used output from eight different coupled global ocean-atmosphere climate models available through the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Data Distribution Centre. All of these models included ocean, sea ice, and land surface models, though of varying complexity and spatial resoluti ...
... We used output from eight different coupled global ocean-atmosphere climate models available through the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Data Distribution Centre. All of these models included ocean, sea ice, and land surface models, though of varying complexity and spatial resoluti ...
Workshop summary
... These strategies which include programs such as REDD and sustainable land and water management, advocate a range of good practices that are often also the most effective strategy to improve the resilience of food system assets to climate change. Mechanisms for regional cooperation Having identified ...
... These strategies which include programs such as REDD and sustainable land and water management, advocate a range of good practices that are often also the most effective strategy to improve the resilience of food system assets to climate change. Mechanisms for regional cooperation Having identified ...
Economics ethics climate change (opens in new window)
... design and choice. When we do aggregate explicitly, we have to compare quantitatively consequences of different kinds and for different people. These comparisons pose a new set of questions and problems. While aggregation over the relevant dimensions helps to develop an understanding of the relative ...
... design and choice. When we do aggregate explicitly, we have to compare quantitatively consequences of different kinds and for different people. These comparisons pose a new set of questions and problems. While aggregation over the relevant dimensions helps to develop an understanding of the relative ...
Economics, ethics and climate change
... design and choice. When we do aggregate explicitly, we have to compare quantitatively consequences of different kinds and for different people. These comparisons pose a new set of questions and problems. While aggregation over the relevant dimensions helps to develop an understanding of the relative ...
... design and choice. When we do aggregate explicitly, we have to compare quantitatively consequences of different kinds and for different people. These comparisons pose a new set of questions and problems. While aggregation over the relevant dimensions helps to develop an understanding of the relative ...
How will climate change affect mycotoxins in food?
... An important indirect factor is that the feeding rate of many arthropod vectors increases at higher temperatures, thus increasing exposure of crops to mycotoxigenic fungi, and hence the spread of mycotoxins. The main effect of climate change on mean temperature is by warmer night-time temperatures. ...
... An important indirect factor is that the feeding rate of many arthropod vectors increases at higher temperatures, thus increasing exposure of crops to mycotoxigenic fungi, and hence the spread of mycotoxins. The main effect of climate change on mean temperature is by warmer night-time temperatures. ...
Biogeochemical Cycles
... for most of this land sink. The effect of this carbon storage is to partially offset warming from emissions of CO2 and other greenhouse gases. 3. Altered biogeochemical cycles together with climate change increase the vulnerability of biodiversity, food security, human health, and water ...
... for most of this land sink. The effect of this carbon storage is to partially offset warming from emissions of CO2 and other greenhouse gases. 3. Altered biogeochemical cycles together with climate change increase the vulnerability of biodiversity, food security, human health, and water ...
Adaptation to the infectious disease impacts of climate change
... Assessments may focus on shorter or longer-term time horizons. In the shorter term, assessments aim to ensure that current vulnerabilities to climate variability are effectively addressed (i.e. focusing on shorter-term decisions, such as development of early warning systems). Determining where popul ...
... Assessments may focus on shorter or longer-term time horizons. In the shorter term, assessments aim to ensure that current vulnerabilities to climate variability are effectively addressed (i.e. focusing on shorter-term decisions, such as development of early warning systems). Determining where popul ...
PETITION FOR RULEMAKING SEEKING THE REGULATION OF GREENHOUSE GAS
... sea-levels are rising, plants are flowering earlier, the oceans are becoming more acidic, and animals are shifting their ranges, all in response to worldwide changes in the climate. As anthropogenic gases force greater climate change, drought-affected areas will likely increase in their extent, ice ...
... sea-levels are rising, plants are flowering earlier, the oceans are becoming more acidic, and animals are shifting their ranges, all in response to worldwide changes in the climate. As anthropogenic gases force greater climate change, drought-affected areas will likely increase in their extent, ice ...
Cryptic impacts of temperature variability on amphibian immune
... the spring and summer, whereas winter temperatures were stable across all time scales (Table 2). We identified five periods where rapid warming/cooling occurred (Δ10–11°C in 7 days) that began in midMarch, late April, late May, late August and late September. We selected a 7 day period (30 August–5 ...
... the spring and summer, whereas winter temperatures were stable across all time scales (Table 2). We identified five periods where rapid warming/cooling occurred (Δ10–11°C in 7 days) that began in midMarch, late April, late May, late August and late September. We selected a 7 day period (30 August–5 ...
Climate Change, Natural Hazards and Cities
... Over the past 150 years, the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration has risen 31 per cent, a value unprecedented in the last 420,000 years 18 . While the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases has risen, there is also an expanding body of evidence indicating that there has been a real and s ...
... Over the past 150 years, the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration has risen 31 per cent, a value unprecedented in the last 420,000 years 18 . While the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases has risen, there is also an expanding body of evidence indicating that there has been a real and s ...
The Effects and Linkages of Deforestation and Temperature on
... construction, for firewood, for the production of charcoal and so on. Spore, 2011 reported that forests also play a pivotal role in providing water resources, due to their influence on volumes and distribution of rainfall, the dynamics of water in soil and the quantities of water discharged into the ...
... construction, for firewood, for the production of charcoal and so on. Spore, 2011 reported that forests also play a pivotal role in providing water resources, due to their influence on volumes and distribution of rainfall, the dynamics of water in soil and the quantities of water discharged into the ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).