Final-Coastal-Resources-2012-07-12
... ----Another Major Driver of Climate Change Develops in JAS, strengthen through OND, and weakens in JFM ...
... ----Another Major Driver of Climate Change Develops in JAS, strengthen through OND, and weakens in JFM ...
2011 CO Basin Assessment Capacity - CLIMAS
... The authors would like to thank the Evaluating Our Capacity workshop organizers, whose contributions of time and effort led to lively dialogue on climate change assessment in the Colorado River Basin: Heather Glenn, Eric Gordon, Bill Travis, and Brad Udall (Western Water Assessment), and Dan Cayan a ...
... The authors would like to thank the Evaluating Our Capacity workshop organizers, whose contributions of time and effort led to lively dialogue on climate change assessment in the Colorado River Basin: Heather Glenn, Eric Gordon, Bill Travis, and Brad Udall (Western Water Assessment), and Dan Cayan a ...
Climate change between the mid and late Holocene in northern high
... in the reconstructions. One reason for this behaviour could be that the proxy data used to reconstruct the annual temperature are not from the same archives as those for the summer and winter temperature, resulting in different locations and numbers of the data. Moreover, we cannot exclude the possi ...
... in the reconstructions. One reason for this behaviour could be that the proxy data used to reconstruct the annual temperature are not from the same archives as those for the summer and winter temperature, resulting in different locations and numbers of the data. Moreover, we cannot exclude the possi ...
!["The Ethics of Geoengineering" [Working Draft]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/017218717_1-5163c0370c435bba986efb4c1c6c458b-300x300.png)
"The Ethics of Geoengineering" [Working Draft]
... significant change in the environment. But although we can foresee the occurrence of such significant changes, these are not intended by us so these do not count as geoengineering. The distinction between intended effects and foreseen but unintended effects is commonsensical, which is why it has imp ...
... significant change in the environment. But although we can foresee the occurrence of such significant changes, these are not intended by us so these do not count as geoengineering. The distinction between intended effects and foreseen but unintended effects is commonsensical, which is why it has imp ...
Revisiting the Earth`s sea‐level and energy budgets from 1961
... in dams and giving a total terrestrial storage contribution of −0.1 mm yr −1 . Ocean warming (90% of the total of the Earth’s energy increase) continues through to the end of the record, in agreement with continued greenhouse gas forcing. The aerosol forcing, inferred as a residual in the atmospheri ...
... in dams and giving a total terrestrial storage contribution of −0.1 mm yr −1 . Ocean warming (90% of the total of the Earth’s energy increase) continues through to the end of the record, in agreement with continued greenhouse gas forcing. The aerosol forcing, inferred as a residual in the atmospheri ...
NRDC: Boosting the Benefits - Improving Air Quality and Health by
... Although they are not always considered greenhouse gases, black carbon “soot” and ozone pollution both contribute significantly to global warming. In addition to their myriad adverse health impacts. Although these pollutants have relatively short atmospheric lifetimes, reduction programs of smog and ...
... Although they are not always considered greenhouse gases, black carbon “soot” and ozone pollution both contribute significantly to global warming. In addition to their myriad adverse health impacts. Although these pollutants have relatively short atmospheric lifetimes, reduction programs of smog and ...
“Smart Climate Change” for Professional Societies Workshop WORKSHOP REPORT
... is now changing, and this is evident through the extreme weather patterns and events that we are experiencing on the planet, and their associated flood and drought disasters. The impacts of the extreme weather patterns and events depend on the magnitude of the event and the vulnerability and exposur ...
... is now changing, and this is evident through the extreme weather patterns and events that we are experiencing on the planet, and their associated flood and drought disasters. The impacts of the extreme weather patterns and events depend on the magnitude of the event and the vulnerability and exposur ...
Targets for global climate policy An overview
... There are 75 studies of the social cost of carbon, with 588 estimates.1 The social cost of carbon depends on many things. The total welfare impact of climate change is but one input. Other parameters are the rate of pure time preference, the growth rate of per capita consumption, and the elasticity ...
... There are 75 studies of the social cost of carbon, with 588 estimates.1 The social cost of carbon depends on many things. The total welfare impact of climate change is but one input. Other parameters are the rate of pure time preference, the growth rate of per capita consumption, and the elasticity ...
Economic Opportunities from a Changing Climate
... (lentils and peas) doubled. Eighty-five percent of the crop was exported, with roughly one-third going to India (Atkins 2016a). India’s drought, and its sudden demand for Canadian pulse crops, may prove temporary, but the weight of scientific research indicates that global climate change will advers ...
... (lentils and peas) doubled. Eighty-five percent of the crop was exported, with roughly one-third going to India (Atkins 2016a). India’s drought, and its sudden demand for Canadian pulse crops, may prove temporary, but the weight of scientific research indicates that global climate change will advers ...
The EU`s Climate Leadership: Reconciling Ambition and - VU-dare
... passenger cars to reduce CO2 emissions from new cars to 120g/km by 2005 and at the latest by 2010 (European Commission 1998a) through voluntary agreements with the industry, fiscal incentives, and CO2 emissions labeling (European Commission Press Release 2000). The recent agreement with the Automobi ...
... passenger cars to reduce CO2 emissions from new cars to 120g/km by 2005 and at the latest by 2010 (European Commission 1998a) through voluntary agreements with the industry, fiscal incentives, and CO2 emissions labeling (European Commission Press Release 2000). The recent agreement with the Automobi ...
Policy options for, and constraints on, effective adaptation for rivers
... estuarine systems in Australia will be a significant challenge in a rapidly changing climate. The broad aims of climate change adaptation policies are to reduce vulnerability and increase the adaptive capacity and resilience of ecosystems to climate change impacts. There are a range of adaptation po ...
... estuarine systems in Australia will be a significant challenge in a rapidly changing climate. The broad aims of climate change adaptation policies are to reduce vulnerability and increase the adaptive capacity and resilience of ecosystems to climate change impacts. There are a range of adaptation po ...
Climate Change impaCts on australia
... during the year, and in rainfall variability. The productivity of livestock industries will be influenced by the changes in the quantity and quality of available pasture, as well as by the effects of temperature increases on livestock (Adams et al. 1999). Some agricultural impacts are positive. Incr ...
... during the year, and in rainfall variability. The productivity of livestock industries will be influenced by the changes in the quantity and quality of available pasture, as well as by the effects of temperature increases on livestock (Adams et al. 1999). Some agricultural impacts are positive. Incr ...
Edinburgh Adapts Our Vision
... Thanks to climate smart planning and financing, active travel and use of sustainable public transport continues to grow across the city, reducing pressure on transport infrastructure, improving health and creating a more resilient network. With fewer people commuting by car, and cargo-bikes being us ...
... Thanks to climate smart planning and financing, active travel and use of sustainable public transport continues to grow across the city, reducing pressure on transport infrastructure, improving health and creating a more resilient network. With fewer people commuting by car, and cargo-bikes being us ...
Climate Change Policymaking in Germany and the USA
... is challenging, if not impossible. A core objective - for both the USA and Germany - in the climate change negotiations has been to work for policy solutions that can be implemented at a reasonable cost. Economic assessments of the costs that climate policy action would incur have been produced. The ...
... is challenging, if not impossible. A core objective - for both the USA and Germany - in the climate change negotiations has been to work for policy solutions that can be implemented at a reasonable cost. Economic assessments of the costs that climate policy action would incur have been produced. The ...
The weather@home regional climate modelling project for Australia
... well as chaotic internal variability. Meanwhile, external forcings of climate can be either natural, such as explosive volcanic eruptions, or anthropogenic, such as greenhouse gas emissions from the burning of fossil fuels. Distinguishing between the responses to internal and external climate forcin ...
... well as chaotic internal variability. Meanwhile, external forcings of climate can be either natural, such as explosive volcanic eruptions, or anthropogenic, such as greenhouse gas emissions from the burning of fossil fuels. Distinguishing between the responses to internal and external climate forcin ...
Positive feedback between future climate change
... Our two estimates of both terrestrial and oceanic carbon uptakes allow us to determine the compatible anthropogenic emissions with and without accounting for the climate change. In the constant climate simulation, in order to sustain a 1%/yr increase in atmospheric CO2 , the compatible emissions hav ...
... Our two estimates of both terrestrial and oceanic carbon uptakes allow us to determine the compatible anthropogenic emissions with and without accounting for the climate change. In the constant climate simulation, in order to sustain a 1%/yr increase in atmospheric CO2 , the compatible emissions hav ...
15. 2005: Multi-year climate prediction model
... correct. In an objective approach the possible influence exerted by fluctuations in the sun's radiant energy on the incidence of drought is stressed. Some of South Africa's most severe and prolonged droughts of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries have without doubt coincided with troughs of minim ...
... correct. In an objective approach the possible influence exerted by fluctuations in the sun's radiant energy on the incidence of drought is stressed. Some of South Africa's most severe and prolonged droughts of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries have without doubt coincided with troughs of minim ...
PDF
... complicated climate and hydrology models at the global level. Then these estimates need to be downscaled for smaller spatial resolutions in order to have an understanding of the effects at the regional level. On the other side, the interaction within an economy and the rest of the world needs to be ...
... complicated climate and hydrology models at the global level. Then these estimates need to be downscaled for smaller spatial resolutions in order to have an understanding of the effects at the regional level. On the other side, the interaction within an economy and the rest of the world needs to be ...
Global premature mortality due to anthropogenic outdoor air pollution and... past climate change
... to ozone. Brauer et al (2012) used high-resolution satellite observations of PM2.5 together with a global atmospheric model and an extensive compilation of surface measurements to better represent global air pollution exposure. These exposure estimates were then used to estimate 3.2 ± 0.4 million pr ...
... to ozone. Brauer et al (2012) used high-resolution satellite observations of PM2.5 together with a global atmospheric model and an extensive compilation of surface measurements to better represent global air pollution exposure. These exposure estimates were then used to estimate 3.2 ± 0.4 million pr ...
3. STRAW MAN 1: A PRELIMINARY VIEW OF THE TROPICAL
... early Paleogene tropical climate. Rather, these cruises returned to answer questions that have plagued the early Paleogene community for almost two decades. It is important to note that climate models themselves have evolved recently. We can now make predictions that are entirely independent of clim ...
... early Paleogene tropical climate. Rather, these cruises returned to answer questions that have plagued the early Paleogene community for almost two decades. It is important to note that climate models themselves have evolved recently. We can now make predictions that are entirely independent of clim ...
Silva2013-ERL-APMortality.pdf
... to ozone. Brauer et al (2012) used high-resolution satellite observations of PM2.5 together with a global atmospheric model and an extensive compilation of surface measurements to better represent global air pollution exposure. These exposure estimates were then used to estimate 3.2 ± 0.4 million pr ...
... to ozone. Brauer et al (2012) used high-resolution satellite observations of PM2.5 together with a global atmospheric model and an extensive compilation of surface measurements to better represent global air pollution exposure. These exposure estimates were then used to estimate 3.2 ± 0.4 million pr ...
Noel L. Bankston - Old Dominion University
... April 1, 1960, produced the first weather photos from space using television technology. These photos enabled the Department of Health, Education and Welfare and Weather Bureau meteorologists to issue the first advisories on air pollution potential over the eastern United States (National Oceanic an ...
... April 1, 1960, produced the first weather photos from space using television technology. These photos enabled the Department of Health, Education and Welfare and Weather Bureau meteorologists to issue the first advisories on air pollution potential over the eastern United States (National Oceanic an ...
Mexico City - World Bank
... The Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) is one of the largest urban agglomerations in the world. Located in a closed basin of 9,600 square kilometers (km2), the MCMA spreads over a surface of 4,250 km2 at 2,240 meters above sea level. The MCMA has a metropolitan populati ...
... The Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) is one of the largest urban agglomerations in the world. Located in a closed basin of 9,600 square kilometers (km2), the MCMA spreads over a surface of 4,250 km2 at 2,240 meters above sea level. The MCMA has a metropolitan populati ...
REDD Readiness Progress Fact Sheet COUNTRY
... • REDD and VPA-FLEGT are new phenomenon in Liberia, how can we CSO ensure that those who are most affected understand these concepts and develop their respond and mitigating mechanisms? • There is a fundamental link between REDD and FLEGT. In Liberia, the VPA that is the key driver of the REDD and F ...
... • REDD and VPA-FLEGT are new phenomenon in Liberia, how can we CSO ensure that those who are most affected understand these concepts and develop their respond and mitigating mechanisms? • There is a fundamental link between REDD and FLEGT. In Liberia, the VPA that is the key driver of the REDD and F ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).