MRED 2001 research
... Zhang et al (1996) studied the response of natural vegetation on the Tibetan Plateau to global climate change using several bioclimatic methods, such as the Holdridge life zone classification system, the montane ...
... Zhang et al (1996) studied the response of natural vegetation on the Tibetan Plateau to global climate change using several bioclimatic methods, such as the Holdridge life zone classification system, the montane ...
36 AFRICAN EAST-ASIAN AFFAIRS *Ye Yu is Assistant Director at
... development. Africa accounts for 14 per cent of the world population, but contributes only less than four per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions, the least of all regions. However, Africa is most vulnerable to climate change because of poverty (instead of geographic conditions). It is predicted ...
... development. Africa accounts for 14 per cent of the world population, but contributes only less than four per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions, the least of all regions. However, Africa is most vulnerable to climate change because of poverty (instead of geographic conditions). It is predicted ...
The Price Tag of Being Young
... costs, and devastation of climate change on its current path. Yet, the economic risks are compounded even further since inaction on climate change means that we are missing out on a major opportunity for muchneeded new investment and millions of new jobs by transitioning to clean energy. Properly ta ...
... costs, and devastation of climate change on its current path. Yet, the economic risks are compounded even further since inaction on climate change means that we are missing out on a major opportunity for muchneeded new investment and millions of new jobs by transitioning to clean energy. Properly ta ...
Climate Change: Top 10 Precepts for U.S. Foreign Policy
... those outside of the international regime. Finally, failure to include the major economies—particularly China—would create competitiveness concerns and make it politically difficult, if not impossible, for the United States to join a new climate regime. As reflected by most of the proposed bills in ...
... those outside of the international regime. Finally, failure to include the major economies—particularly China—would create competitiveness concerns and make it politically difficult, if not impossible, for the United States to join a new climate regime. As reflected by most of the proposed bills in ...
Climate Impacts on Arctic Lake Ecosystems
... and animals, many of which are specialized towards extreme cold, low energy supply, and oligotrophy. There is now compelling evidence of rising atmospheric temperatures at a planetary scale, and the greatest amplitude of change has been recorded at high northern latitudes (IPCC 2007). While global a ...
... and animals, many of which are specialized towards extreme cold, low energy supply, and oligotrophy. There is now compelling evidence of rising atmospheric temperatures at a planetary scale, and the greatest amplitude of change has been recorded at high northern latitudes (IPCC 2007). While global a ...
The influence of vegetation dynamics on anthropogenic climate
... Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI ESM) that includes vegetation dynamics and an interactive carbon cycle. We assume anthropogenic CO2 emissions according to the RCP 8.5 scenario in the time period from 1850 to 2120. For the time after 2120, we assume zero emissions to evaluate the response o ...
... Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI ESM) that includes vegetation dynamics and an interactive carbon cycle. We assume anthropogenic CO2 emissions according to the RCP 8.5 scenario in the time period from 1850 to 2120. For the time after 2120, we assume zero emissions to evaluate the response o ...
Rapporteurs Report (RapporteurReport2012)
... assessment tools in order to identify the right decision on how to adapt to the risk of climate change, mainly during the extreme weather. Adaptation is a process through which societies make themselves better able to cope with an uncertain future. Adapting to climate change entails taking the right ...
... assessment tools in order to identify the right decision on how to adapt to the risk of climate change, mainly during the extreme weather. Adaptation is a process through which societies make themselves better able to cope with an uncertain future. Adapting to climate change entails taking the right ...
Here - Pole to Pole campaign
... When you think of the Arctic you think of the polar bear! He is big and white and looks like a cute teddy bear. Still, you would not want to run into this giant. Luckily that is not going to happen anytime soon since this pole traveller lives in territories where our ears would freeze off. The polar ...
... When you think of the Arctic you think of the polar bear! He is big and white and looks like a cute teddy bear. Still, you would not want to run into this giant. Luckily that is not going to happen anytime soon since this pole traveller lives in territories where our ears would freeze off. The polar ...
Why recognising variability and scale matters for t
... data, we divide the study area into several parts and then identify different change patterns in each part. Through NDVI analysis, we found that due to the control of monsoon climate and geological structure, the temperature, precipitation and the vegetation are characterizing of zonality in Mongol ...
... data, we divide the study area into several parts and then identify different change patterns in each part. Through NDVI analysis, we found that due to the control of monsoon climate and geological structure, the temperature, precipitation and the vegetation are characterizing of zonality in Mongol ...
Novel communities from climate change
... with increasing body sizes for certain fish, lizards, birds and mammals. Along this line, studies such as those by Yom-Tov and collaborators [21,22] have shown an increase in body size in medium and small mammals (otters and shrews, respectively), with increasing temperatures during the last decades ...
... with increasing body sizes for certain fish, lizards, birds and mammals. Along this line, studies such as those by Yom-Tov and collaborators [21,22] have shown an increase in body size in medium and small mammals (otters and shrews, respectively), with increasing temperatures during the last decades ...
hot air - United Nations Interpreters
... A liquid-based manure management system, characterized by waste residing in water to a depth of at least six feet for a period ranging between 30 and 200 days. Bacteria produce methane in the absence of oxygen while breaking down waste. Organism that does not need oxygen to stay alive. The ancillary ...
... A liquid-based manure management system, characterized by waste residing in water to a depth of at least six feet for a period ranging between 30 and 200 days. Bacteria produce methane in the absence of oxygen while breaking down waste. Organism that does not need oxygen to stay alive. The ancillary ...
Drivers of adaptation: Responses to weather
... municipalities respond to weather- and climate-related risk in order to understand whether some processes or elements were more important than others, or how multiple drivers might interact to support adaptive action. Our study uses qualitative and quantitative analytical approaches to detect and ex ...
... municipalities respond to weather- and climate-related risk in order to understand whether some processes or elements were more important than others, or how multiple drivers might interact to support adaptive action. Our study uses qualitative and quantitative analytical approaches to detect and ex ...
Implementation Plan for the AMY modeling activity
... – Prediction and evaluatation of disaster environment – Assessment climate-change impacts on flood risk and its reduction measures on global and local scales ...
... – Prediction and evaluatation of disaster environment – Assessment climate-change impacts on flood risk and its reduction measures on global and local scales ...
Letter from Peter Lilley to Bob Ward, 2 January 2013
... Para 17. You seem to imply that I ought to have taken into account ‘socially contingent’ impacts of climate change such as migration and conflict – even though these are not incorporated in the Review’s own estimates. To put it mildly that is a bit rich. If such consequences are sufficiently importa ...
... Para 17. You seem to imply that I ought to have taken into account ‘socially contingent’ impacts of climate change such as migration and conflict – even though these are not incorporated in the Review’s own estimates. To put it mildly that is a bit rich. If such consequences are sufficiently importa ...
Hydrological Responses to Climate Change in the Water Receiving
... is based on physical mechanism, it’s not widely used for its complex. Contrarily because of the parsimony and “low–tech” advantages of statistical downscaling over dynamical downscaling, the use of statistical downscaling is now widespread. In this paper, The BCCRCG-WG 3.00, developed by Beijing Cli ...
... is based on physical mechanism, it’s not widely used for its complex. Contrarily because of the parsimony and “low–tech” advantages of statistical downscaling over dynamical downscaling, the use of statistical downscaling is now widespread. In this paper, The BCCRCG-WG 3.00, developed by Beijing Cli ...
THE ROLE OF LAND - SURFACE PROCESSES IN LOCAL, REGIONAL AND
... − The rains did practically nothing to alleviate the hydrologic drought. Little water was put in reservoirs in our area and did essentially nothing for the drastically decreased water for irrigation wells. − The supply of irrigation water was lengthened by reducing the requirement and thus allowing ...
... − The rains did practically nothing to alleviate the hydrologic drought. Little water was put in reservoirs in our area and did essentially nothing for the drastically decreased water for irrigation wells. − The supply of irrigation water was lengthened by reducing the requirement and thus allowing ...
Climate change impacts on Australia`s alpine ecosystems
... species-specific. Changes in snow regimes are predicted to significantly alter the composition and distribution of alpine vegetation communities. In particular, movement of species ranges to higher altitudes is predicted to increase species diversity in the alpine zone (though with a likely loss of ...
... species-specific. Changes in snow regimes are predicted to significantly alter the composition and distribution of alpine vegetation communities. In particular, movement of species ranges to higher altitudes is predicted to increase species diversity in the alpine zone (though with a likely loss of ...
Realizing the human right to adequate food in times of climate
... studies confirm that Africa is one of the most vulnerable continents to climate variability and change because of multiple stresses and low adaptive capacity.6 The IAASTD arrived at the same conclusions, expressing that the preponderance of global agricultural studies shows that climate change is no ...
... studies confirm that Africa is one of the most vulnerable continents to climate variability and change because of multiple stresses and low adaptive capacity.6 The IAASTD arrived at the same conclusions, expressing that the preponderance of global agricultural studies shows that climate change is no ...
Partners with nature - How healthy ecosystems are helping the
... in all adaptation planning, processes and decision-making – should help prevent ‘mal-adaptation’ and support ‘no regret’ and ‘multiple benefit’ measures. This does not preclude other approaches, but can help integrate all approaches and methodologies necessary to deal with complex and dynamic situat ...
... in all adaptation planning, processes and decision-making – should help prevent ‘mal-adaptation’ and support ‘no regret’ and ‘multiple benefit’ measures. This does not preclude other approaches, but can help integrate all approaches and methodologies necessary to deal with complex and dynamic situat ...
Novel communities from climate change
... with increasing body sizes for certain fish, lizards, birds and mammals. Along this line, studies such as those by Yom-Tov and collaborators [21,22] have shown an increase in body size in medium and small mammals (otters and shrews, respectively), with increasing temperatures during the last decades ...
... with increasing body sizes for certain fish, lizards, birds and mammals. Along this line, studies such as those by Yom-Tov and collaborators [21,22] have shown an increase in body size in medium and small mammals (otters and shrews, respectively), with increasing temperatures during the last decades ...
Synthesis Report “Climate Change: Global Risks, Challenges
... are already moving beyond the patterns of natural variability within which contemporary society and economy have developed and thrived. These indicators include global mean surface temperature, sealevel rise, global ocean temperature, Arctic sea ice extent, ocean acidification, and extreme climatic ...
... are already moving beyond the patterns of natural variability within which contemporary society and economy have developed and thrived. These indicators include global mean surface temperature, sealevel rise, global ocean temperature, Arctic sea ice extent, ocean acidification, and extreme climatic ...
(Un)Natural Disasters: Communicating Linkages Between Extreme
... Australia in 2013 and 2014 showed that the human influence on climate made those record high temperatures substantially more probable (Lewis and Karoly, 2014). Another analysis found that these extreme temperatures were very unlikely to have occurred in the absence of human-caused climate change (Ga ...
... Australia in 2013 and 2014 showed that the human influence on climate made those record high temperatures substantially more probable (Lewis and Karoly, 2014). Another analysis found that these extreme temperatures were very unlikely to have occurred in the absence of human-caused climate change (Ga ...
Ambiente & Sociedade 1414-753X Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e
... countries and to the success of the Protocol. In Brazil (1997) the Brazilian government puts forward a formal proposal for a protocol. It was presented to the Ad Hoc Group on the Berlin Mandate in August 1997. The document focused on the above mentioned two points and proposed solutions. Regarding t ...
... countries and to the success of the Protocol. In Brazil (1997) the Brazilian government puts forward a formal proposal for a protocol. It was presented to the Ad Hoc Group on the Berlin Mandate in August 1997. The document focused on the above mentioned two points and proposed solutions. Regarding t ...
Climate impacts of ozone-depleting substances and their
... Increased HCFC consumption developing countries Atmospheric observations of HCFCs and HFCs Observed replacements patterns: HCFCs to HFCs IPCC-SRES: growth rates GDP and population Provisions Montreal Protocol Increases in HFC-134a use in mobile AC Saturation of HFC consumption ...
... Increased HCFC consumption developing countries Atmospheric observations of HCFCs and HFCs Observed replacements patterns: HCFCs to HFCs IPCC-SRES: growth rates GDP and population Provisions Montreal Protocol Increases in HFC-134a use in mobile AC Saturation of HFC consumption ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).