Water and Climate Change - Background Document
... a warmer planet. For Arab Region, this could mean changes to our climate— specifically temperature, evaporation, rainfall, and drought. Changes in climate will also likely affect the availability of our water resources and our plans to meet expected demands for water in the future. For surface water ...
... a warmer planet. For Arab Region, this could mean changes to our climate— specifically temperature, evaporation, rainfall, and drought. Changes in climate will also likely affect the availability of our water resources and our plans to meet expected demands for water in the future. For surface water ...
PDF
... and continues to grow thereafter. Selected analyses also provide a comparison to a more moderate mitigation pathway (RCP4.5) in which stabilization at 4.5 W m22 occurs around 2050, and then forcing remains fixed. In terms of the time evolution and value of globally averaged radiative forcing at 2100 ...
... and continues to grow thereafter. Selected analyses also provide a comparison to a more moderate mitigation pathway (RCP4.5) in which stabilization at 4.5 W m22 occurs around 2050, and then forcing remains fixed. In terms of the time evolution and value of globally averaged radiative forcing at 2100 ...
Climate adaptation: what it means for Australian consumers
... change highly, while Sceptics did not identify climate change as one of its most important social issues. Interestingly, this group instead ranked ‘maintaining our way of life’ higher than all other consumer segments. These results support previous suggestions that individuals find it difficult to e ...
... change highly, while Sceptics did not identify climate change as one of its most important social issues. Interestingly, this group instead ranked ‘maintaining our way of life’ higher than all other consumer segments. These results support previous suggestions that individuals find it difficult to e ...
Northern African climate at the end of the twenty
... precipitation of two tests simulations for the twentieth century. The regional model is configured exactly the same for these tests, except in test_1, the NOAH land-surface model (Chen and Dudhia 2001), Monin-Obukhov surface scheme (Monin and Obukhov 1954), and Yonsei University (YSU) planetary boun ...
... precipitation of two tests simulations for the twentieth century. The regional model is configured exactly the same for these tests, except in test_1, the NOAH land-surface model (Chen and Dudhia 2001), Monin-Obukhov surface scheme (Monin and Obukhov 1954), and Yonsei University (YSU) planetary boun ...
Extreme Weather Events
... result of some change in climate. However, the statement is also grossly misleading, for it says nothing about the cause of the sea ice decline. The decline in Arctic sea ice could be caused by CO2-induced global warming, but it could just as well be caused by natural warming, or by changes in ocean ...
... result of some change in climate. However, the statement is also grossly misleading, for it says nothing about the cause of the sea ice decline. The decline in Arctic sea ice could be caused by CO2-induced global warming, but it could just as well be caused by natural warming, or by changes in ocean ...
Engaging state officials and agencies to advocate for landmark
... starting “The August 2013 Indicators…” into the bulleted list of impacts on page 39. Page 39, 4th bullet: The following sentence needs a citation: “The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimates that 20-30% of the plant and animal species evaluated so far in climate change studies ar ...
... starting “The August 2013 Indicators…” into the bulleted list of impacts on page 39. Page 39, 4th bullet: The following sentence needs a citation: “The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimates that 20-30% of the plant and animal species evaluated so far in climate change studies ar ...
Climate change in Australia | Southern and South
... businesses and the environment. Australia has already experienced increasing temperatures, shifting rainfall patterns and rising oceans. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (IPCC, 2013) rigorously assessed the current state and future of the global climate sy ...
... businesses and the environment. Australia has already experienced increasing temperatures, shifting rainfall patterns and rising oceans. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (IPCC, 2013) rigorously assessed the current state and future of the global climate sy ...
Change is in the air
... existed for hundreds of thousands to millions of years before farmers began to burn and fell forests. Indeed there is strong evidence that forests have not been contracting but expanding into grasslands and savannas over the last few thousand years based on analyses of soil carbon sources. These dis ...
... existed for hundreds of thousands to millions of years before farmers began to burn and fell forests. Indeed there is strong evidence that forests have not been contracting but expanding into grasslands and savannas over the last few thousand years based on analyses of soil carbon sources. These dis ...
First Year Booklet 2016-17
... across the world. In its transformation of how we go about our daily lives, oil has become the single most consumed commodity and our consumption continues to rise. However, the idea that the mass consumption of oil was foundational to a particular way of life did not emerge ‘naturall ...
... across the world. In its transformation of how we go about our daily lives, oil has become the single most consumed commodity and our consumption continues to rise. However, the idea that the mass consumption of oil was foundational to a particular way of life did not emerge ‘naturall ...
The Framing of Fossil Fuels and Climate Change
... more picky. The cutting-edge coverage today does not typically revolve around the greening of fill-in-the-blank company. Instead, topics like ‘’Who’s not going green?’’ and ‘’What are the difficulties of going green?’’ are being seen more frequently … coverage tends to focus more on the challenges a ...
... more picky. The cutting-edge coverage today does not typically revolve around the greening of fill-in-the-blank company. Instead, topics like ‘’Who’s not going green?’’ and ‘’What are the difficulties of going green?’’ are being seen more frequently … coverage tends to focus more on the challenges a ...
Introduction to atmospheric aerosols
... High up in the atmosphere is a layer called the stratosphere. Part of the stratosphere is the ozone layer, which absorbs ultraviolet B wavelengths. UVB is known to cause skin cancer; therefore a healthy ozone layer is very important to human health. Many synthetic products once contained chlorine co ...
... High up in the atmosphere is a layer called the stratosphere. Part of the stratosphere is the ozone layer, which absorbs ultraviolet B wavelengths. UVB is known to cause skin cancer; therefore a healthy ozone layer is very important to human health. Many synthetic products once contained chlorine co ...
Conflict over Climate Change Politics - GUPEA
... political question of climate change. Instead, the politics of climate change is produced along with a practice of linking economical activities or different societal domains to the issue. This process of expanding politics into the field of climate change is a discursive practice. Such political pr ...
... political question of climate change. Instead, the politics of climate change is produced along with a practice of linking economical activities or different societal domains to the issue. This process of expanding politics into the field of climate change is a discursive practice. Such political pr ...
Glaciers and climate change in the Karakoram
... From: The Economist, June 2008: “…Mr Hasnain estimates that Himalayan glaciers will be gone in 20-30 years. That would leave many great rivers depending on seasonal rainfall. According to the IPCC. this may be the fate of the Indus…by 2035…” The Guardian 2008 “…The problem is perhaps most acute in A ...
... From: The Economist, June 2008: “…Mr Hasnain estimates that Himalayan glaciers will be gone in 20-30 years. That would leave many great rivers depending on seasonal rainfall. According to the IPCC. this may be the fate of the Indus…by 2035…” The Guardian 2008 “…The problem is perhaps most acute in A ...
The Effect of Urban Heat Island on Climate Warming in the Yangtze
... Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, industrial and agricultural activities, such as fossil fuel burning and land use change, have significantly increased the concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHG), such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), ozone (O3), nitrous oxide (N2O), and chlo ...
... Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, industrial and agricultural activities, such as fossil fuel burning and land use change, have significantly increased the concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHG), such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), ozone (O3), nitrous oxide (N2O), and chlo ...
Rapid thinning of the late Pleistocene Patagonian Ice Sheet
... the southern ocean —the bipolar seesaw— thought to be triggered either by spring insolation changes combined with variations in greenhouse gas fluxes20 or by ocean circulation changes due to increased melt water from the Northern Hemisphere ice sheets at ca. 19 ka2,20,23,27. Although SST changes bet ...
... the southern ocean —the bipolar seesaw— thought to be triggered either by spring insolation changes combined with variations in greenhouse gas fluxes20 or by ocean circulation changes due to increased melt water from the Northern Hemisphere ice sheets at ca. 19 ka2,20,23,27. Although SST changes bet ...
The impact of Atmospheric and Oceanic Resolution on
... OGCM receives output of single, randomly-selected AGCM each day ...
... OGCM receives output of single, randomly-selected AGCM each day ...
4 Atmosphere and Climate in the Northern Cape
... can be considered pollution. Pollution can be naturally caused (for example by forest fires) and is also caused by anthropogenic (man-made) activities (such as the burning of fossil fuels). Pollutants, once emitted into the atmosphere, recognise no geographical or political boundaries, and their des ...
... can be considered pollution. Pollution can be naturally caused (for example by forest fires) and is also caused by anthropogenic (man-made) activities (such as the burning of fossil fuels). Pollutants, once emitted into the atmosphere, recognise no geographical or political boundaries, and their des ...
The importance of biotic interactions for modelling species
... neglected phenomena of parasitism at a continental scale. The idea that biotic interactions could affect the predictions of bioclimate ‘envelope’ models was explored by Davis et al. (1998). The authors used a simple microcosm experiment including three fruit fly species (Drosophilia spp.) and a para ...
... neglected phenomena of parasitism at a continental scale. The idea that biotic interactions could affect the predictions of bioclimate ‘envelope’ models was explored by Davis et al. (1998). The authors used a simple microcosm experiment including three fruit fly species (Drosophilia spp.) and a para ...
Confronting Climate Change in the US Midwest
... and warms our climate; oceans, forests, and land can absorb some of this carbon, but not as fast as we are creating it. As a result, heat-trapping emissions are building up in our atmosphere to levels that could produce severe effects including extreme heat, prolonged droughts, intense storms, corro ...
... and warms our climate; oceans, forests, and land can absorb some of this carbon, but not as fast as we are creating it. As a result, heat-trapping emissions are building up in our atmosphere to levels that could produce severe effects including extreme heat, prolonged droughts, intense storms, corro ...
In the excised section, the scientists commented
... biodiversity, heritage values and tourism economy is climate change, including rising sea temperatures, accelerating rates of sea level rise, changing weather patterns and ocean acidification. (Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority 2012). Coral reefs worldwide are being directly impacted by warmi ...
... biodiversity, heritage values and tourism economy is climate change, including rising sea temperatures, accelerating rates of sea level rise, changing weather patterns and ocean acidification. (Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority 2012). Coral reefs worldwide are being directly impacted by warmi ...
(RBD), Version 1.0
... clear skies (Kiehl and Trenberth, 1997), and provides the largest positive feedback in model projections of climate change (Held and Soden, 2000). In the stratosphere, there are potentially important radiative impacts due to anthropogenic sources of water vapour, such as from methane oxidation. In t ...
... clear skies (Kiehl and Trenberth, 1997), and provides the largest positive feedback in model projections of climate change (Held and Soden, 2000). In the stratosphere, there are potentially important radiative impacts due to anthropogenic sources of water vapour, such as from methane oxidation. In t ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES John Whalley Working Paper 17498
... they are jointly undertaken. For now these are separate policy bargaining areas under the WTO (for trade) and UNFCCC (for climate) in which linkage does not formally enter.6 Implicitly there are several areas of such linkage and in the years ahead the pressures will likely be for this linkage to gro ...
... they are jointly undertaken. For now these are separate policy bargaining areas under the WTO (for trade) and UNFCCC (for climate) in which linkage does not formally enter.6 Implicitly there are several areas of such linkage and in the years ahead the pressures will likely be for this linkage to gro ...
i4332e01
... change will fundamentally alter global food production patterns, with negative crop productivity impacts likely expected in low latitude and tropical regions but somewhat positive in high latitude regions. ■ Water mediates much of climate change impact on agriculture and increased water scarcity i ...
... change will fundamentally alter global food production patterns, with negative crop productivity impacts likely expected in low latitude and tropical regions but somewhat positive in high latitude regions. ■ Water mediates much of climate change impact on agriculture and increased water scarcity i ...
FFESCsynthesisJune7 - Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural
... The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for assessment of climate change. It builds the scientific foundation, sets international standards, and defines a common vocabulary for climate change science and management. The IPCC began its work in 1988 and r ...
... The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is the leading international body for assessment of climate change. It builds the scientific foundation, sets international standards, and defines a common vocabulary for climate change science and management. The IPCC began its work in 1988 and r ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).