Marine Science
... lead to decreases or increases in local salinities which will have major impacts on distributions and productivities of fish species in coastal and estuarine areas. Thus, perhaps future thermal conditions may be suitable for new immigrant species, but shifts in salinities could make these waters uni ...
... lead to decreases or increases in local salinities which will have major impacts on distributions and productivities of fish species in coastal and estuarine areas. Thus, perhaps future thermal conditions may be suitable for new immigrant species, but shifts in salinities could make these waters uni ...
aapg-san-antonio-peterson
... Michael F. Wehner, 2008: Climate Variability and Change with Implications for Transportation, National Research Council, in press. Peterson, Thomas C.,William M. Connolley and John Fleck, 2008: The myth of the 1970s global cooling scientific consensus. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society ...
... Michael F. Wehner, 2008: Climate Variability and Change with Implications for Transportation, National Research Council, in press. Peterson, Thomas C.,William M. Connolley and John Fleck, 2008: The myth of the 1970s global cooling scientific consensus. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society ...
the scientific article as a Word document here
... or decadal variability and isolated extreme events were more frequently reported as adaptation stimuli than long-term changes in seasonal or annual temperature or precipitation. For example, adaptations were commonly associated with events such as floods, droughts, or heatwaves. Changes in the predi ...
... or decadal variability and isolated extreme events were more frequently reported as adaptation stimuli than long-term changes in seasonal or annual temperature or precipitation. For example, adaptations were commonly associated with events such as floods, droughts, or heatwaves. Changes in the predi ...
SJ Org. 1 Ann Global Warming in the Arctic x
... In those 30 years, the amount of ice in the Arctic has decreased by 20% in September. The Arctic is an important region on earth because the Arctic acts as a cooler for the rest of the world. “The Arctic region gives off more heat to space than it absorbs from outside, which helps cool the plane ...
... In those 30 years, the amount of ice in the Arctic has decreased by 20% in September. The Arctic is an important region on earth because the Arctic acts as a cooler for the rest of the world. “The Arctic region gives off more heat to space than it absorbs from outside, which helps cool the plane ...
njpn-environment-group-notes-dates-and-resources-september-2016
... Bernard recently assessed Stowmarket parish in East Anglia Diocese and felt the process could be improved to support parishes in their application. He felt the local CAFOD rep was a great help. Diss parish is now registered for the award. CAFOD Campaigning CAFOD’s liturgy for Creation Time on 1 Sept ...
... Bernard recently assessed Stowmarket parish in East Anglia Diocese and felt the process could be improved to support parishes in their application. He felt the local CAFOD rep was a great help. Diss parish is now registered for the award. CAFOD Campaigning CAFOD’s liturgy for Creation Time on 1 Sept ...
PDF
... decreased by 10 to 20 per cent over the last 30 years and having experienced an overall warming of its daily temperatures. Further declines in rainfall are expected to greatly reduce plant production, affecting crops and pastures and reducing the productivity of animal production. Similar findings w ...
... decreased by 10 to 20 per cent over the last 30 years and having experienced an overall warming of its daily temperatures. Further declines in rainfall are expected to greatly reduce plant production, affecting crops and pastures and reducing the productivity of animal production. Similar findings w ...
Format PDF press here
... March is strongly correlated with the DJF (December–January–February) NAO index. They found also that the relation was the strongest with a lag of two months, the time necessary for the cooling signal to propagate from North Africa to Central Asia, in a quasi-barotropic structure for the whole tropo ...
... March is strongly correlated with the DJF (December–January–February) NAO index. They found also that the relation was the strongest with a lag of two months, the time necessary for the cooling signal to propagate from North Africa to Central Asia, in a quasi-barotropic structure for the whole tropo ...
Effectively addressing climate risk through adaptation for
... 1 Estimates for subsidence vary significantly along the coastline; e.g., 8-31 inches per century 2 Based on Vermeer and Rahmstorf. “Global sea level linked to global temperature.” 2009. Source: National Hurricane Center, NOAA, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS); IP ...
... 1 Estimates for subsidence vary significantly along the coastline; e.g., 8-31 inches per century 2 Based on Vermeer and Rahmstorf. “Global sea level linked to global temperature.” 2009. Source: National Hurricane Center, NOAA, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS); IP ...
Are Carbon Dioxide Emissions Rising More Rapidly Than Expected?
... Monitoring Emissions Trends. Watchfulness over annual CO2 and other GHG emissions is a vital element of addressing climate change and evaluating the effectiveness of actions to mitigate it, and it is important to use appropriate data in monitoring progress. Evaluating recent trends may help to disce ...
... Monitoring Emissions Trends. Watchfulness over annual CO2 and other GHG emissions is a vital element of addressing climate change and evaluating the effectiveness of actions to mitigate it, and it is important to use appropriate data in monitoring progress. Evaluating recent trends may help to disce ...
Responses of marine biodiversity to climate change
... primarily driven by human activities. The global average surface temperature has increased by 0.7C during the 20th Century. Globally, nine out of the ten warmest years on record were recorded in the decade 1990-2000 and 2003 was the warmest year since instrumental records began in 1860 [1]. Warming ...
... primarily driven by human activities. The global average surface temperature has increased by 0.7C during the 20th Century. Globally, nine out of the ten warmest years on record were recorded in the decade 1990-2000 and 2003 was the warmest year since instrumental records began in 1860 [1]. Warming ...
PDF
... are expected to continue to grow much faster than U.S. emissions (Blanford, et al. 2008). Even if all of the Annex I countries, including the United States, were to reduce their CO2 emissions to zero by 2030, it would be physically impossible for the world to achieve the frequently ...
... are expected to continue to grow much faster than U.S. emissions (Blanford, et al. 2008). Even if all of the Annex I countries, including the United States, were to reduce their CO2 emissions to zero by 2030, it would be physically impossible for the world to achieve the frequently ...
What do we know about the economics of adaptation?
... of the view that decisions of the state can be analysed as if made by a single person. The basic problem with public goods is that if adaptation strategies are based solely on autonomous adaptation, the amount of implemented measures will be lower than the socially beneficial amount. This is because ...
... of the view that decisions of the state can be analysed as if made by a single person. The basic problem with public goods is that if adaptation strategies are based solely on autonomous adaptation, the amount of implemented measures will be lower than the socially beneficial amount. This is because ...
Environmental prices, uncertainty and learning
... ‘reasons for concern’, which provide what is in our view a fairly good example of how various decision-relevant measures of environmental damage, economic and non-economic, can be transparently but succinctly combined. The reasons for concern were: (i) risks to unique and threatened systems; (ii) ri ...
... ‘reasons for concern’, which provide what is in our view a fairly good example of how various decision-relevant measures of environmental damage, economic and non-economic, can be transparently but succinctly combined. The reasons for concern were: (i) risks to unique and threatened systems; (ii) ri ...
Mapping institutional fragmentation in the climate governance
... governance architecture. An even wider net is cast by Biermann and colleagues who want to include all institutions that are “valid or active” in an issue area (2009). When putting their definition into practice, they return with an “onion model” for global climate governance with the UN climate regi ...
... governance architecture. An even wider net is cast by Biermann and colleagues who want to include all institutions that are “valid or active” in an issue area (2009). When putting their definition into practice, they return with an “onion model” for global climate governance with the UN climate regi ...
The Meaning of Uncertainty: Debating Climate Change in the Gilded
... The writings produced over the course of the climate debate are rife with paradox and uncertainty. The scientists, boosters, and surveyors who argued about climate change in the late nineteenth century struggled with, embraced, and used uncertainty in myriad ways. Sometimes proponents of modern scie ...
... The writings produced over the course of the climate debate are rife with paradox and uncertainty. The scientists, boosters, and surveyors who argued about climate change in the late nineteenth century struggled with, embraced, and used uncertainty in myriad ways. Sometimes proponents of modern scie ...
The Impact of Animal Agriculture on Global Warming and Climate
... Global warming refers to an increase in average global temperatures, which in turn causes climate change, such as changes in seasonal temperatures and wind velocity, and the amount of precipitation and humidity for a given area or region.1 Climate change can involve either cooling or warming. Eviden ...
... Global warming refers to an increase in average global temperatures, which in turn causes climate change, such as changes in seasonal temperatures and wind velocity, and the amount of precipitation and humidity for a given area or region.1 Climate change can involve either cooling or warming. Eviden ...
From Economic Refugees to Climate Refugees?
... movement that may be precipitated by those factors, since there is no single response that is appropriate to address them. Some types of environmental impacts may be very sudden and drastic but typically lead to temporary movement, often not very far from home.8 Other types of change may be much slo ...
... movement that may be precipitated by those factors, since there is no single response that is appropriate to address them. Some types of environmental impacts may be very sudden and drastic but typically lead to temporary movement, often not very far from home.8 Other types of change may be much slo ...
Dissemination of information on climate change: a case study KwaNgwanase in KwaZulu-Natal
... alters the composition of the global atmosphere and occurs in addition to natural climate variability observed over time. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2001) defines climate change as any change in climate over time, whether due to natural variability or as a result of human ...
... alters the composition of the global atmosphere and occurs in addition to natural climate variability observed over time. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2001) defines climate change as any change in climate over time, whether due to natural variability or as a result of human ...
Individual consumers and climate change: searching for a new moral compass - Working Paper 81 (358 kB) (opens in new window)
... The IPCC (2007) report outlines the predicted and actual impacts from this changing climate, which include increasing severity of floods, melting permafrost and increased heat-related human mortality rates. Mitigation of these impacts will require serious reductions in our greenhouse gas emissions, ...
... The IPCC (2007) report outlines the predicted and actual impacts from this changing climate, which include increasing severity of floods, melting permafrost and increased heat-related human mortality rates. Mitigation of these impacts will require serious reductions in our greenhouse gas emissions, ...
Adaptation and Vulnerability to Climate Change: The
... Over recent decades the Earth has warmed significantly. The year 2005 was the hottest year recorded since instrumental measurements began1. Heatwaves and droughts have increased. A notable example was the European heatwave of 2003, which killed around 50,000 people2. The global surface affected by d ...
... Over recent decades the Earth has warmed significantly. The year 2005 was the hottest year recorded since instrumental measurements began1. Heatwaves and droughts have increased. A notable example was the European heatwave of 2003, which killed around 50,000 people2. The global surface affected by d ...
Horticulture
... human numbers and consequent activity, that level has risen inexorably, currently being in excess of 400 ppm In the Northern hemisphere spring. CO 2 has risen at a rate of about 2 ppm since 1995 but other greenhouse gases (Methane and N 2 O) are also increasing. For the purpose of this study, the re ...
... human numbers and consequent activity, that level has risen inexorably, currently being in excess of 400 ppm In the Northern hemisphere spring. CO 2 has risen at a rate of about 2 ppm since 1995 but other greenhouse gases (Methane and N 2 O) are also increasing. For the purpose of this study, the re ...
Vermont`s Wildlife Action Plan
... Ten years ago when states across the nation were completing their Wildlife Action Plans, wildlife managers were just beginning to think through basic questions such as: ‘How might climate change impact wildlife and wildlife habitat? ‘How can we systematically identify wildlife, plants and habitats t ...
... Ten years ago when states across the nation were completing their Wildlife Action Plans, wildlife managers were just beginning to think through basic questions such as: ‘How might climate change impact wildlife and wildlife habitat? ‘How can we systematically identify wildlife, plants and habitats t ...
European Journal of Legal Studies
... both natural and anthropogenic, that absorb and re-emit infrared radiation.‖ So greenhouse gas is any gas that absorbs infra-red radiation in the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases include water vapor, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), halogenated fluorocarbons (HCFCs), ozone (O3), ...
... both natural and anthropogenic, that absorb and re-emit infrared radiation.‖ So greenhouse gas is any gas that absorbs infra-red radiation in the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases include water vapor, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), halogenated fluorocarbons (HCFCs), ozone (O3), ...
Water and Climate Change - Background Document
... a warmer planet. For Arab Region, this could mean changes to our climate— specifically temperature, evaporation, rainfall, and drought. Changes in climate will also likely affect the availability of our water resources and our plans to meet expected demands for water in the future. For surface water ...
... a warmer planet. For Arab Region, this could mean changes to our climate— specifically temperature, evaporation, rainfall, and drought. Changes in climate will also likely affect the availability of our water resources and our plans to meet expected demands for water in the future. For surface water ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).