Bellingham Climate Adaptation Plan - Bellingham
... Global sea levels have risen 1.0 – 2.5mm annually over the past century, and models predict this rate of rise to increase to 2.0-8.6mm annually by 2100 (IPCC, 2007). Models vary, but by 2100, sea levels in Puget Sound have potential to rise by as much as 50 inches (Mote, et al., 2008). This will hav ...
... Global sea levels have risen 1.0 – 2.5mm annually over the past century, and models predict this rate of rise to increase to 2.0-8.6mm annually by 2100 (IPCC, 2007). Models vary, but by 2100, sea levels in Puget Sound have potential to rise by as much as 50 inches (Mote, et al., 2008). This will hav ...
lesson 1 materials
... As the lake dried up, fisheries and the communities that depended on them collapsed. The increasingly salty water became polluted with fertilizer and pesticides. The blowing dust from the exposed lakebed, contaminated with agricultural chemicals, became a public health hazard. The salty dust blew of ...
... As the lake dried up, fisheries and the communities that depended on them collapsed. The increasingly salty water became polluted with fertilizer and pesticides. The blowing dust from the exposed lakebed, contaminated with agricultural chemicals, became a public health hazard. The salty dust blew of ...
Climate Change Policy Jason Shogren and Michael Toman •
... While acknowledging the many uncertainties about the precise nature and strength of the link between human activities and climate change, many scientists argue that the evidence points to an effect from people emitting too much CO2 and other GHGs into the atmosphere. Scientists reach this conclusion ...
... While acknowledging the many uncertainties about the precise nature and strength of the link between human activities and climate change, many scientists argue that the evidence points to an effect from people emitting too much CO2 and other GHGs into the atmosphere. Scientists reach this conclusion ...
Climate Risk and Business
... B2 greenhouse gas emission scenarios were developed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 2001 to represent different plausible future pathways for greenhouse gases. While all scenarios are considered equally sound by the IPCC, some scientists have warned that greenhouse gas emi ...
... B2 greenhouse gas emission scenarios were developed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 2001 to represent different plausible future pathways for greenhouse gases. While all scenarios are considered equally sound by the IPCC, some scientists have warned that greenhouse gas emi ...
Vulnerability of biodiversity hotspots to global change
... four very large hotspots (Horn of Africa, Indo-Burma, Mediterranean Basin and Sundaland), the threshold was averaged on the basis of 10 random samples of 10,000 values of each SED. All threshold values are presented in Table S4. Using these SEDt values, we calculated two indices of climatic risk for ...
... four very large hotspots (Horn of Africa, Indo-Burma, Mediterranean Basin and Sundaland), the threshold was averaged on the basis of 10 random samples of 10,000 values of each SED. All threshold values are presented in Table S4. Using these SEDt values, we calculated two indices of climatic risk for ...
Readying California`s Fisheries for Climate Change
... Much of what we are doing now came out of our September 2013 workshop Advancing Science in California Fisheries. We have a variety of projects where we have partnered with the State that are either completed (abalone review) or underway (Scientific Collecting Permits). Since then, there have been a ...
... Much of what we are doing now came out of our September 2013 workshop Advancing Science in California Fisheries. We have a variety of projects where we have partnered with the State that are either completed (abalone review) or underway (Scientific Collecting Permits). Since then, there have been a ...
Air pollution, climate change and ozone loss
... Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the Earth's near-surface air and oceans since the mid-twentieth century and its projected continuation. ...
... Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the Earth's near-surface air and oceans since the mid-twentieth century and its projected continuation. ...
THE TOP-30 OF ECONOMISTS IN IRELAND
... of any climate policy – an estimate that lies well above the upper bound of $50/tC that was found in an extensive literature survey and meta-analysis26. Many analysts have attributed this high estimate to the very low rate of pure time preference adopted by the Stern author team1,11,13,14,30. Others ...
... of any climate policy – an estimate that lies well above the upper bound of $50/tC that was found in an extensive literature survey and meta-analysis26. Many analysts have attributed this high estimate to the very low rate of pure time preference adopted by the Stern author team1,11,13,14,30. Others ...
Scientist Letter to Senate on natural resources
... We the undersigned signatories, leading researchers and practitioners from the various biological and earth science disciplines, are writing to urge the Senate to pass legislation that will reduce U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and begin to substantively address the impacts of climate change on our c ...
... We the undersigned signatories, leading researchers and practitioners from the various biological and earth science disciplines, are writing to urge the Senate to pass legislation that will reduce U.S. greenhouse gas emissions and begin to substantively address the impacts of climate change on our c ...
השפעת שינויי אקלים גלובליים על הדיונות במדבר קלאהרי
... but with IS92a emissions CGCM1 often produces the most active scenarios (Fig. 2). The GCMs all produce increasing levels of activity over the twentyfirst century, including fully active dunefields, where interdune areas are devegetated and sand mobility and transfer between dunes is possible, result ...
... but with IS92a emissions CGCM1 often produces the most active scenarios (Fig. 2). The GCMs all produce increasing levels of activity over the twentyfirst century, including fully active dunefields, where interdune areas are devegetated and sand mobility and transfer between dunes is possible, result ...
The Health Effects of Climate Change in the WHO European Region
... heatwave days was observed in Mediterranean cities compared with cities in northern parts of Europe (21.8% and 12.4% mortality increase, respectively) [15]. In contrast, cities with cooler climates have a greater increase in mortality per 1 °C increase above a local temperature threshold, compared t ...
... heatwave days was observed in Mediterranean cities compared with cities in northern parts of Europe (21.8% and 12.4% mortality increase, respectively) [15]. In contrast, cities with cooler climates have a greater increase in mortality per 1 °C increase above a local temperature threshold, compared t ...
An imperative need for global change research in tropical forests
... Wright 2004), which was comparable to the global mean land surface temperature rise of 0.22 ± 0.08 °C per decade between 1976 and 2000 (IPCC 2007). The recent warming is strongest in the extratropics of the northern hemisphere with large El Niño events (IPCC 2007). Global climate models have predict ...
... Wright 2004), which was comparable to the global mean land surface temperature rise of 0.22 ± 0.08 °C per decade between 1976 and 2000 (IPCC 2007). The recent warming is strongest in the extratropics of the northern hemisphere with large El Niño events (IPCC 2007). Global climate models have predict ...
Stream 1.2 Oceans and marine ice in the Southern Hemisphere
... To understand the extent of large-scale physical, biological and biogeochemical change occurring in the Southern Ocean and marine ice environment (including ice shelves, sea ice and icebergs), and to attribute the cause(s) to anthropogenic emissions or natural variations for inclusion in IPCC models ...
... To understand the extent of large-scale physical, biological and biogeochemical change occurring in the Southern Ocean and marine ice environment (including ice shelves, sea ice and icebergs), and to attribute the cause(s) to anthropogenic emissions or natural variations for inclusion in IPCC models ...
climate and construction - Development Alternatives
... deforestation and the resulting soil erosion. In addition, erratic rainfall and the naturally high temperatures predominant in the region have also made water scarcity a prime threat. The climatic extremes prevalent in the region are heat waves and below normal rainfall, which is likely to increase ...
... deforestation and the resulting soil erosion. In addition, erratic rainfall and the naturally high temperatures predominant in the region have also made water scarcity a prime threat. The climatic extremes prevalent in the region are heat waves and below normal rainfall, which is likely to increase ...
18_Lecture_Presentation_PC
... organisms, ecosystems, and human well-being Scientists have studied the many aspects of climate change Climate variables have been monitored, building a long-term database for researchers to study ...
... organisms, ecosystems, and human well-being Scientists have studied the many aspects of climate change Climate variables have been monitored, building a long-term database for researchers to study ...
Science studies, climate change and the prospects for constructivist
... ‘the public come to believe that the scientific issues are settled, their views about global warming will change accordingly’ (EWG 2003: 138, 137). White House officials insisted on such extensive changes to the EPA’s (2003) state of the environment report that EPA scientists deleted almost all refe ...
... ‘the public come to believe that the scientific issues are settled, their views about global warming will change accordingly’ (EWG 2003: 138, 137). White House officials insisted on such extensive changes to the EPA’s (2003) state of the environment report that EPA scientists deleted almost all refe ...
Health Aspects of Climate Change in Cities with Mediterranean
... the Med-regions are vulnerable to climatic changes [7,8]. In fact, the Mediterranean ecosystems are among the most vulnerable to the global warming impacts [9]. Recent studies show that these changes have already been observed: for instance, since the 1960s, the Mediterranean basin has become warmer ...
... the Med-regions are vulnerable to climatic changes [7,8]. In fact, the Mediterranean ecosystems are among the most vulnerable to the global warming impacts [9]. Recent studies show that these changes have already been observed: for instance, since the 1960s, the Mediterranean basin has become warmer ...
The Wave Climate of Ireland: From Averages to Extremes
... Potential for both wind & wave renewable industry ...
... Potential for both wind & wave renewable industry ...
Economic Evaluation of Climate Change Impacts on Ground
... where climate change problem is the most severe. On the one hand, with passage of time vehicle usage will result in more greenhouse gases, which would contribute to further climate change; on the other hand, climate change itself makes transportation infrastructure, vehicles and operations vulnerabl ...
... where climate change problem is the most severe. On the one hand, with passage of time vehicle usage will result in more greenhouse gases, which would contribute to further climate change; on the other hand, climate change itself makes transportation infrastructure, vehicles and operations vulnerabl ...
The role of biospheric feedbacks in the simulation of the... historical land cover change on the Australian January climate
... 4. Discussion and Conclusion [14] Most modeling experiments that have explored the impact of historical human-induced LCC have only incorporated the direct impact of LCC. These experiments have not incorporated the indirect effect of Human-induced LCC, that is, the impact of climate change and incre ...
... 4. Discussion and Conclusion [14] Most modeling experiments that have explored the impact of historical human-induced LCC have only incorporated the direct impact of LCC. These experiments have not incorporated the indirect effect of Human-induced LCC, that is, the impact of climate change and incre ...
Works Cited - Institute for Domestic and International Affairs, Inc.
... Additionally, the UNWTO requested governments to “encourage the use of renewable energy sources in tourism transport companies and activities”.24 The Davos Declaration, issued in 2007, called upon governments to raise awareness on tourism’s effects on climate change and asked consumers to opt for e ...
... Additionally, the UNWTO requested governments to “encourage the use of renewable energy sources in tourism transport companies and activities”.24 The Davos Declaration, issued in 2007, called upon governments to raise awareness on tourism’s effects on climate change and asked consumers to opt for e ...
Climate Change Adaptation Strategies for Agriculture and Food Security in Central Asia and the Caucasus
... Global climate change is one of the main issues discussed at various international and intergovernmental meetings and consultations. Since the mid-1990s, the issue went beyond the scientific papers and discussions and became the subject of discussions among policy makers. Key issues of climate chang ...
... Global climate change is one of the main issues discussed at various international and intergovernmental meetings and consultations. Since the mid-1990s, the issue went beyond the scientific papers and discussions and became the subject of discussions among policy makers. Key issues of climate chang ...
SID5 Form - Defra Science Search
... The executive summary must not exceed 2 sides in total of A4 and should be understandable to the intelligent non-scientist. It should cover the main objectives, methods and findings of the research, together with any other significant events and options for new work. The contract provided Secretaria ...
... The executive summary must not exceed 2 sides in total of A4 and should be understandable to the intelligent non-scientist. It should cover the main objectives, methods and findings of the research, together with any other significant events and options for new work. The contract provided Secretaria ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).