Effects of increasing average air temperature on thermal gradient of
... physical data will be used in conjunction with SSTEMP, a computer program that models temperature change in sections of a stream based on specific parameters (available through USGS). To measure air & stream temperatures, data loggers will be placed along and in different reaches o f the stream(s) i ...
... physical data will be used in conjunction with SSTEMP, a computer program that models temperature change in sections of a stream based on specific parameters (available through USGS). To measure air & stream temperatures, data loggers will be placed along and in different reaches o f the stream(s) i ...
Potential Impacts of Contemporary Changing Climate on Caribbean
... Caribbean where there is incomplete tidal and weather station coverage, estimates of past and future temperature changes must rely on extrapolation from other regions. While our knowledge of global mean temperature change is still uncertain, even in the present era of instrumental meteorology, resea ...
... Caribbean where there is incomplete tidal and weather station coverage, estimates of past and future temperature changes must rely on extrapolation from other regions. While our knowledge of global mean temperature change is still uncertain, even in the present era of instrumental meteorology, resea ...
2006 IPCC Guidelines on National Greenhouse Gas - ipcc
... Estimate emissions based on fuel carbon contents and subtract measured amount captured Assumes everything not captured & measured is emitted If fuel were biomass the estimated CO2 emission = zero so emissions could be negative. WMO ...
... Estimate emissions based on fuel carbon contents and subtract measured amount captured Assumes everything not captured & measured is emitted If fuel were biomass the estimated CO2 emission = zero so emissions could be negative. WMO ...
SIDS Brochure - the United Nations
... SIDS Member States are also supported in safeguarding their cultural heritage through institutional capacity building. In the Pacific, a series of national consultation meetings were held in Papua New Guinea, Fiji, Tonga and Vanuatu, aiming at reinforcing their capacities in developing and implemen ...
... SIDS Member States are also supported in safeguarding their cultural heritage through institutional capacity building. In the Pacific, a series of national consultation meetings were held in Papua New Guinea, Fiji, Tonga and Vanuatu, aiming at reinforcing their capacities in developing and implemen ...
The US Economic Impacts of Climate Change and the Costs of
... 21st century, significant progress has been made in understanding the impacts of climate change at national, regional, and local scales. These studies, many of which are discussed in the pages that follow, highlight physical processes that influence ...
... 21st century, significant progress has been made in understanding the impacts of climate change at national, regional, and local scales. These studies, many of which are discussed in the pages that follow, highlight physical processes that influence ...
Implementation of the Framework Convention on Climate Change in
... its Aichi Targets, known as Aichi Plan was adopted. The 10 and 15 targets of this plan are linked to climate change mitigation and adaptation issues. They provide for conservation and restoration by 2020 of at least 15 per cent of degraded ecosystems, thereby contributing to the reduction of anthrop ...
... its Aichi Targets, known as Aichi Plan was adopted. The 10 and 15 targets of this plan are linked to climate change mitigation and adaptation issues. They provide for conservation and restoration by 2020 of at least 15 per cent of degraded ecosystems, thereby contributing to the reduction of anthrop ...
Biomass production in experimental grasslands of different species
... is complementarity (including facilitation), which allows for more of the total amount of available resources to be taken up by the community if more species are present. When S is higher, there is also a higher probability for a community to contain one or more productive species that dominate this ...
... is complementarity (including facilitation), which allows for more of the total amount of available resources to be taken up by the community if more species are present. When S is higher, there is also a higher probability for a community to contain one or more productive species that dominate this ...
Cognitive and Behavioral Challenges in Responding to Climate Change P R
... two opposite poles of this spectrum. Indigenous communities in the Arctic are an example of a group on the front lines of experiencing direct impacts from climate change (IPCC 2007, Arctic Climate Impact Assessment 2004, Trainor, et al. 2008). This is so because of their location in the Arctic where ...
... two opposite poles of this spectrum. Indigenous communities in the Arctic are an example of a group on the front lines of experiencing direct impacts from climate change (IPCC 2007, Arctic Climate Impact Assessment 2004, Trainor, et al. 2008). This is so because of their location in the Arctic where ...
West Lothian Council Climate Change Strategy 2015-2020
... In 2013 the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2), the greenhouse gas that drives climate change, exceeded 400 parts per million in the earth’s atmosphere for the first time in recorded history and in March 2015 that level was recorded as the average for the entire month. Human activity has caused C ...
... In 2013 the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2), the greenhouse gas that drives climate change, exceeded 400 parts per million in the earth’s atmosphere for the first time in recorded history and in March 2015 that level was recorded as the average for the entire month. Human activity has caused C ...
Climate impacts on flood and coastal erosion infrastructure
... Engineering Research, School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK ...
... Engineering Research, School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK ...
Global patterns in lake ecosystem responses to warming based on
... to temperature where the unit in the response was time (e.g., gut clearance time). We fit the Boltzmann–Arrhenius model (Eqn 1) to data for each metabolism-linked variable. We only included measurements of metabolism at temperatures below the temperature of maximum performance that was observed, the ...
... to temperature where the unit in the response was time (e.g., gut clearance time). We fit the Boltzmann–Arrhenius model (Eqn 1) to data for each metabolism-linked variable. We only included measurements of metabolism at temperatures below the temperature of maximum performance that was observed, the ...
Climate Change Predicted Impacts on Juneau
... of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has varied between 150 and 300 parts per million (ppm) throughout at least the last 1,000,000 of the earth’s history. In the past 200 years, however, the burning of fossil fuels has increased atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations higher than any levels in th ...
... of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has varied between 150 and 300 parts per million (ppm) throughout at least the last 1,000,000 of the earth’s history. In the past 200 years, however, the burning of fossil fuels has increased atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations higher than any levels in th ...
Turning Up the Heat - Environmental Investigation Agency
... While good progress has been made to address both ozone depletion and climate change, these two issues have generally been treated as separate problems with separate solutions. This has resulted in outdated and uncoordinated policy responses. Of particular importance, and the focus of this report, i ...
... While good progress has been made to address both ozone depletion and climate change, these two issues have generally been treated as separate problems with separate solutions. This has resulted in outdated and uncoordinated policy responses. Of particular importance, and the focus of this report, i ...
Climate Action Planning Progress in the San Diego Region
... community pride and protection of our region’s clean air and water, natural lands and quality of life. But our region faces challenges, like all others throughout the world, from climate change and its impact on our natural resources and the health and well-being of our people and our future generat ...
... community pride and protection of our region’s clean air and water, natural lands and quality of life. But our region faces challenges, like all others throughout the world, from climate change and its impact on our natural resources and the health and well-being of our people and our future generat ...
Can actuaries really afford to ignore climate
... We have predicted a wide range of increases in mean claim costs from bushfire, cyclones and riverine floods. This wide range reflects the uncertainty in the level of future emissions, the lack of certainty on the impact of climate change on natural perils in Australia, and calls for further climat ...
... We have predicted a wide range of increases in mean claim costs from bushfire, cyclones and riverine floods. This wide range reflects the uncertainty in the level of future emissions, the lack of certainty on the impact of climate change on natural perils in Australia, and calls for further climat ...
Climate change and Health Across Africa: Issues
... Climate change is expected to alter temperature, air movement, and precipitation in various ways and to varying degrees across Africa with consequences for human health. With the strong connection between a population’s health and economic and environmental health, the impact of climate change on ...
... Climate change is expected to alter temperature, air movement, and precipitation in various ways and to varying degrees across Africa with consequences for human health. With the strong connection between a population’s health and economic and environmental health, the impact of climate change on ...
report 2009 final - Inter
... change adaptation requiring urgent action. While advocacy played a prominent role, the Task Force members worked on integrating climate risk management into agency policies and programmes and build up agency capacity. To better understand the risks of climate change, the agencies shared scientific i ...
... change adaptation requiring urgent action. While advocacy played a prominent role, the Task Force members worked on integrating climate risk management into agency policies and programmes and build up agency capacity. To better understand the risks of climate change, the agencies shared scientific i ...
Assets and Adaptation - Overseas Development Institute
... natural system, more impacts are inevitable (Burton et al. 2002). Second, that mitigation responses have been slow and inadequate, making adaptation all the more necessary (Reid and Huq 2007). And third, aware that they are likely to bear the greatest physical impacts from climate change, government ...
... natural system, more impacts are inevitable (Burton et al. 2002). Second, that mitigation responses have been slow and inadequate, making adaptation all the more necessary (Reid and Huq 2007). And third, aware that they are likely to bear the greatest physical impacts from climate change, government ...
CLIMATE AND CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE SUB~ANTARCTIC
... Not only are ocean currents and fronts key components of the climate system; they can be used to delineate the subAntarctic. For the purposes of this paper the sub-Antarctic is considered to extend northwards from the northern limit of the Antarctic, which, according to the Antarctic Treaty System, ...
... Not only are ocean currents and fronts key components of the climate system; they can be used to delineate the subAntarctic. For the purposes of this paper the sub-Antarctic is considered to extend northwards from the northern limit of the Antarctic, which, according to the Antarctic Treaty System, ...
PDF
... as Rheum nobile, Saussurea stella, Rhodiola bupleuroides, Ponerorchis chusua, Microgynaecium tibeticum, Meconopsis simplicifolia, and Pedicularis trichoglossa [11] have been noted. Comparatively higher resolution (50650 km) regional climate models show that temperature and precipitation in the Himal ...
... as Rheum nobile, Saussurea stella, Rhodiola bupleuroides, Ponerorchis chusua, Microgynaecium tibeticum, Meconopsis simplicifolia, and Pedicularis trichoglossa [11] have been noted. Comparatively higher resolution (50650 km) regional climate models show that temperature and precipitation in the Himal ...
The Quiet Tsunami: The Ecological, Economic, Social, and Political
... Marine food resources have supported human civilizations from time immemorial. However, humanity’s path to economic development over the past century has created a newly emerging threat to oceanic health. Humans have been dramatically increasing their emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other gree ...
... Marine food resources have supported human civilizations from time immemorial. However, humanity’s path to economic development over the past century has created a newly emerging threat to oceanic health. Humans have been dramatically increasing their emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and other gree ...
i SMALL HOLDER FARMERS` PERCEPTION ON CLIMATE
... Climate consists of the statistics of temperature, rainfall, wind, humidity, atmospheric pressure, and other meteorological elemental measurements in a given region over decade or more. This is unlike weather, which is the present condition of these elements and their variations over shorter periods ...
... Climate consists of the statistics of temperature, rainfall, wind, humidity, atmospheric pressure, and other meteorological elemental measurements in a given region over decade or more. This is unlike weather, which is the present condition of these elements and their variations over shorter periods ...
Ecosystem-based Adaptation in Marine and Coastal Ecosystems
... necessary complement to mitigation actions. There is a need for comprehensive adaptation strategies to consider not only “hard solutions,” but also ecosystem-based adaptation. So far, existing and proposed adaptive responses to climate change in coastal areas have focused on using “hard” engineering ...
... necessary complement to mitigation actions. There is a need for comprehensive adaptation strategies to consider not only “hard solutions,” but also ecosystem-based adaptation. So far, existing and proposed adaptive responses to climate change in coastal areas have focused on using “hard” engineering ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).