Planning Climate Resilient Cities: Early Lessons from Early Adapters
... Ideas in the context of adaptation planning refer to the ways in which knowledge alters local behavior (Dobbin, Simmons, & Garttre 2007). While incentives rely on the promise of benefits, ideas promote change by transmitting information and norms, both within and across countries (Strang & Meyer, 19 ...
... Ideas in the context of adaptation planning refer to the ways in which knowledge alters local behavior (Dobbin, Simmons, & Garttre 2007). While incentives rely on the promise of benefits, ideas promote change by transmitting information and norms, both within and across countries (Strang & Meyer, 19 ...
Changing climate and rising seas - Parliamentary Commissioner for
... I first heard about climate change in 1979 sitting in a lecture theatre at the University of California, Berkeley. In the same year, the Shah of Iran fled his country, exports of oil from the Middle East fell, and the second oil crisis began. In a world focused on securing supplies of oil, few were ...
... I first heard about climate change in 1979 sitting in a lecture theatre at the University of California, Berkeley. In the same year, the Shah of Iran fled his country, exports of oil from the Middle East fell, and the second oil crisis began. In a world focused on securing supplies of oil, few were ...
Climate Change Law in Latin America
... action, including the creation of the Brazilian emission reductions market. It is also interesting to note that the draft law approved by Congress included several sections related to the gradual phase-off from fossil fuel dependence, subsequently vetoed by the president. The Regulatory Decree N. 73 ...
... action, including the creation of the Brazilian emission reductions market. It is also interesting to note that the draft law approved by Congress included several sections related to the gradual phase-off from fossil fuel dependence, subsequently vetoed by the president. The Regulatory Decree N. 73 ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES LIFE David Albouy
... so far have been slight, particularly relative to changes in technology—especially air conditioning (Barreca et al. 2013)—and local economic conditions. Third, Kuminoff and Pope (2012) have shown that temporal changes in the capitalization of amenities do not typically translate to measures of WTP. ...
... so far have been slight, particularly relative to changes in technology—especially air conditioning (Barreca et al. 2013)—and local economic conditions. Third, Kuminoff and Pope (2012) have shown that temporal changes in the capitalization of amenities do not typically translate to measures of WTP. ...
Background Report: Integrated Ecological Impact Assessment
... Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice and rising global average sea level….,[and that] …..observational evidence from all continents and most oceans shows that ma ...
... Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice and rising global average sea level….,[and that] …..observational evidence from all continents and most oceans shows that ma ...
Adaptability and Change - UCD Energy Research Group
... The dilemma Buildings cause 40-50% of emissions, creating pollution & climate change. Buildings will be affected by the urban microclimate and climate change. 1. Reduce the energy consumption and emissions of buildings e.g. through passive design. 2. The urban climate and climate change can make the ...
... The dilemma Buildings cause 40-50% of emissions, creating pollution & climate change. Buildings will be affected by the urban microclimate and climate change. 1. Reduce the energy consumption and emissions of buildings e.g. through passive design. 2. The urban climate and climate change can make the ...
Attributing mortality from extreme temperatures to climate change in
... of deaths between winters and summers because of lower cold-related mortality12 . Human adaptation to a changing climate can, over time, occur through changes in the body’s physiology and through behavioural and health system changes13–15 . These changes are used to explain declining mortality from ...
... of deaths between winters and summers because of lower cold-related mortality12 . Human adaptation to a changing climate can, over time, occur through changes in the body’s physiology and through behavioural and health system changes13–15 . These changes are used to explain declining mortality from ...
Scottish Government Consultation Response
... fulfilment of their climate change duties and reporting smooth transition, the required reporting form and guidance is already on carbon emissions. available online for public sector users to use on a trial basis for the 2014/15 reporting year, and practical support is available from SSN. They highl ...
... fulfilment of their climate change duties and reporting smooth transition, the required reporting form and guidance is already on carbon emissions. available online for public sector users to use on a trial basis for the 2014/15 reporting year, and practical support is available from SSN. They highl ...
PDF
... Combining data from the NRA with Namibia’s Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) provides the chance to see who will be hit hardest by the impacts of climate change on the environment. The SAM is a database that provides information on activities in different economic sectors and helps identify the poverty ...
... Combining data from the NRA with Namibia’s Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) provides the chance to see who will be hit hardest by the impacts of climate change on the environment. The SAM is a database that provides information on activities in different economic sectors and helps identify the poverty ...
The Impact of Climate Change on Water
... on their potential, their economic structure and their available resources. Measures aimed at mitigating the consequences of climate change include adaptation to an increase in the average temperature, a seasonal cycle shift, and an increase in the frequency of extreme meteorological incidents. The ...
... on their potential, their economic structure and their available resources. Measures aimed at mitigating the consequences of climate change include adaptation to an increase in the average temperature, a seasonal cycle shift, and an increase in the frequency of extreme meteorological incidents. The ...
Environment - West Sussex County Council
... about climate change, two-thirds of people (68%) said they were either very or fairly concerned about it. The proportion who said they were very concerned has increased by 2% from the 2nd wave (June 2012) to the 9th wave (March 2014) of the survey, as did the proportion who said they were fairly con ...
... about climate change, two-thirds of people (68%) said they were either very or fairly concerned about it. The proportion who said they were very concerned has increased by 2% from the 2nd wave (June 2012) to the 9th wave (March 2014) of the survey, as did the proportion who said they were fairly con ...
Bangladesh, climate disasters
... Bangladesh is one of the twelve countries most at risk to climate change. Scientists at BCAS predict that sea levels will rise one metre by 2050, if no measures are taken to ensure otherwise. If this is the case, then 17% of Bangladesh’s land will disappear underwater, leading to a 13% loss in agric ...
... Bangladesh is one of the twelve countries most at risk to climate change. Scientists at BCAS predict that sea levels will rise one metre by 2050, if no measures are taken to ensure otherwise. If this is the case, then 17% of Bangladesh’s land will disappear underwater, leading to a 13% loss in agric ...
Report - The University of Texas at Austin
... equivalent decreased minimally in the first year because the temperature was far below the threshold where snowfall turns into rainfall (Figure 2a). As it warmed in the spring of the following year, the temperature rose to the threshold to turn what was snowfall before the warming to rainfall. The ...
... equivalent decreased minimally in the first year because the temperature was far below the threshold where snowfall turns into rainfall (Figure 2a). As it warmed in the spring of the following year, the temperature rose to the threshold to turn what was snowfall before the warming to rainfall. The ...
Adaptation in Action - American Public Health Association
... go to cool off, for seven communities that include both rural and urban counties. The maps are tailored to local needs so local health officials can use them in public advisory and education efforts. • The Minnesota program has developed a series of training modules related to climate change for pu ...
... go to cool off, for seven communities that include both rural and urban counties. The maps are tailored to local needs so local health officials can use them in public advisory and education efforts. • The Minnesota program has developed a series of training modules related to climate change for pu ...
Biological Significance, David Inouye
... • An object of natural selection • Can be studied at many scales • Amenable to experimental manipulation ...
... • An object of natural selection • Can be studied at many scales • Amenable to experimental manipulation ...
Biological Significance of Phenology
... • An object of natural selection • Can be studied at many scales • Amenable to experimental manipulation ...
... • An object of natural selection • Can be studied at many scales • Amenable to experimental manipulation ...
Population, Climate Change, and Women`s Lives
... estimate that the added effect of all humancaused emissions to date is roughly the same as if the sun had increased its heating power by some 1 percent since pre-industrial times.6 Scientists also are certain, from natural records of past atmospheric composition, that greenhouse gas concentrations b ...
... estimate that the added effect of all humancaused emissions to date is roughly the same as if the sun had increased its heating power by some 1 percent since pre-industrial times.6 Scientists also are certain, from natural records of past atmospheric composition, that greenhouse gas concentrations b ...
Effects of sea surface warming on marine plankton
... 2012). While the exact magnitude of past and possible future phytoplankton declines is uncertain, there is broad agreement across these studies that marine phytoplankton biomass declines constitute a major component of global change in the oceans. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that changes in p ...
... 2012). While the exact magnitude of past and possible future phytoplankton declines is uncertain, there is broad agreement across these studies that marine phytoplankton biomass declines constitute a major component of global change in the oceans. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that changes in p ...
A Game of Preferences:
... commitments on climate change,” but has long been among “the least willing to do so.” As a result, the U.S. has given “excuses to all the other foot-dragging nations to do as little as possible” (as cited in Phillips, 2015). Why has the U.S. been so unwilling to take on commitments to reduce its gre ...
... commitments on climate change,” but has long been among “the least willing to do so.” As a result, the U.S. has given “excuses to all the other foot-dragging nations to do as little as possible” (as cited in Phillips, 2015). Why has the U.S. been so unwilling to take on commitments to reduce its gre ...
Full-Text PDF
... expense of subalpine, alpine, and tundra ecosystem types [7]. Recent research shows that background tree mortality rates in the western United States have increased rapidly in recent decades, likely as the result of regional warming and increased water stress [8]. Widespread tree mortality, species ...
... expense of subalpine, alpine, and tundra ecosystem types [7]. Recent research shows that background tree mortality rates in the western United States have increased rapidly in recent decades, likely as the result of regional warming and increased water stress [8]. Widespread tree mortality, species ...
Present-day and future Antarctic ice sheet climate and surface mass
... Although arguably the RCP2.6 scenario has already been surpassed in recent years (Sanford et al. 2014), it is included to assess the impact of a ‘best-case’ policy change on future Antarctic ice sheet climate and its contribution to future sea level change from surface processes. In-situ measurement ...
... Although arguably the RCP2.6 scenario has already been surpassed in recent years (Sanford et al. 2014), it is included to assess the impact of a ‘best-case’ policy change on future Antarctic ice sheet climate and its contribution to future sea level change from surface processes. In-situ measurement ...
THERMAL METROLOGY FOR METEOROLOGY AND
... The International Surface Temperature Initiative was instigated in 2010, to create a suite of new and more scientifically robust estimates of surface temperature changes and variability from meteorological stations around the globe. The initiative borrows heavily from metrological best practices in ...
... The International Surface Temperature Initiative was instigated in 2010, to create a suite of new and more scientifically robust estimates of surface temperature changes and variability from meteorological stations around the globe. The initiative borrows heavily from metrological best practices in ...
Source IPCC 2012
... • An energy intensive sector – Lower mineral content of new mines – Remote locations – Global markets ...
... • An energy intensive sector – Lower mineral content of new mines – Remote locations – Global markets ...
Historical and idealized climate model experiments: an
... Earth system AOGCMs. New subcomponents (for example, continental ice sheets, representations of peatlands, wetlands or permafrost) are often developed within the EMIC framework before they are embedded into coupled AOGCMs, because development and testing is less computationally expensive. In additio ...
... Earth system AOGCMs. New subcomponents (for example, continental ice sheets, representations of peatlands, wetlands or permafrost) are often developed within the EMIC framework before they are embedded into coupled AOGCMs, because development and testing is less computationally expensive. In additio ...
2 20 Century Portuguese Climate and Climate Scenarios
... temperature and in the DTR was located in the year 1940-1941, corresponding to a reported change in the station height by 22 m, from the top of the Geophysical Institute to the nearby garden. Fig. 2.11 shows the DTR annual series, where the jump is clearly identified. The SNHT test gives an extreme ...
... temperature and in the DTR was located in the year 1940-1941, corresponding to a reported change in the station height by 22 m, from the top of the Geophysical Institute to the nearby garden. Fig. 2.11 shows the DTR annual series, where the jump is clearly identified. The SNHT test gives an extreme ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).