Caring for Our Natural Assets
... As population, income, and consumption levels increase, humans put more and more pressure on the natural environment. In 2005, the United Nations commissioned a study of the extent to which human activities have altered ecosystems around the globe. Known as the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA), ...
... As population, income, and consumption levels increase, humans put more and more pressure on the natural environment. In 2005, the United Nations commissioned a study of the extent to which human activities have altered ecosystems around the globe. Known as the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA), ...
The RCP greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from
... this 1765 to 1850 period are constant for the halogenated gases with natural sources, i.e., CF4, CH3Br and CH3Cl, with 35 ppt, 5.8 ppt and 480 ppt, respectively. However, the recommended concentrations for the long-lived GHGs, CO2, CH4, and N2O show a small increase over that period, starting from t ...
... this 1765 to 1850 period are constant for the halogenated gases with natural sources, i.e., CF4, CH3Br and CH3Cl, with 35 ppt, 5.8 ppt and 480 ppt, respectively. However, the recommended concentrations for the long-lived GHGs, CO2, CH4, and N2O show a small increase over that period, starting from t ...
6. Impacts of climate change on Oregon`s coasts and estuaries
... mm/year of the SLR rate was due to thermal expansion, 1.1 ± 0.25 mm/year was due to the melting of glaciers, and 0.7 ± 0.2 mm/year was due to the melting of ice sheets (0.4 ± 0.15 mm/ year for Greenland and 0.3 ± 0.15 mm/year for West Antarctica). This sea level budget sums to 2.85 ± 0.35 mm/year an ...
... mm/year of the SLR rate was due to thermal expansion, 1.1 ± 0.25 mm/year was due to the melting of glaciers, and 0.7 ± 0.2 mm/year was due to the melting of ice sheets (0.4 ± 0.15 mm/ year for Greenland and 0.3 ± 0.15 mm/year for West Antarctica). This sea level budget sums to 2.85 ± 0.35 mm/year an ...
July 2016 - American Bar Association
... Since at least the late 1970s, scientists have known that greenhouse gas emissions from human activity are contributing to the warming of the planet. In 1988, NASA scientist James Hansen testified before the U.S. Congress about the need to take action on climate change, and his call to action was wi ...
... Since at least the late 1970s, scientists have known that greenhouse gas emissions from human activity are contributing to the warming of the planet. In 1988, NASA scientist James Hansen testified before the U.S. Congress about the need to take action on climate change, and his call to action was wi ...
Accounting for Health Impacts of Climate Change
... The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concluded in 2007 that climate change and global warming is without doubt happening, and that in all likelihood (greater than 90% probability) this warming is primarily caused by human activity. Furthermore, recent observations show that some clim ...
... The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concluded in 2007 that climate change and global warming is without doubt happening, and that in all likelihood (greater than 90% probability) this warming is primarily caused by human activity. Furthermore, recent observations show that some clim ...
Assessment of Health and Climate Preparedness (PDF)
... Prior to 2011, the highest dew point temperature ever recorded in the Twin Cities was 81°F on July 30, 1999. On July 19, 2011 the dew point temperature reached 82°F in the Twin Cities, and a state record maximum dew point temperature of 88°F was reached in Moorhead, Minnesota.vi vii High dew points ...
... Prior to 2011, the highest dew point temperature ever recorded in the Twin Cities was 81°F on July 30, 1999. On July 19, 2011 the dew point temperature reached 82°F in the Twin Cities, and a state record maximum dew point temperature of 88°F was reached in Moorhead, Minnesota.vi vii High dew points ...
Impact of Climate Change on North Cascade Alpine Glaciers, and
... (Kovanen 2003 and Mote 2003). A resultant decline in winter snowpack, due primarily to rising winter temperatures in the Pacific Northwest, has also been observed since 1976; the impact is most pronounced at lower elevations (Figure 1) (Mote 2003). Several climate models indicate that the Pacific No ...
... (Kovanen 2003 and Mote 2003). A resultant decline in winter snowpack, due primarily to rising winter temperatures in the Pacific Northwest, has also been observed since 1976; the impact is most pronounced at lower elevations (Figure 1) (Mote 2003). Several climate models indicate that the Pacific No ...
Climate Change and China`s Agricultural Sector
... cotton yields in China might increase (IPCC, 2007). However, these figures may overestimate changes in yield, as they do not account for the adoption of new technologies or changes in policy in response to climate change. In addition, the nature of the climate impact will be affected by the agricult ...
... cotton yields in China might increase (IPCC, 2007). However, these figures may overestimate changes in yield, as they do not account for the adoption of new technologies or changes in policy in response to climate change. In addition, the nature of the climate impact will be affected by the agricult ...
Key elements of a global deal on climate change
... The purpose of this paper is not to prescribe specific instruments or technologies. Different technologies and different policy instruments can be applied to different sectors and countries. Indeed, the more differentiated the global strategy, the greater the scope for learning, so it is important ...
... The purpose of this paper is not to prescribe specific instruments or technologies. Different technologies and different policy instruments can be applied to different sectors and countries. Indeed, the more differentiated the global strategy, the greater the scope for learning, so it is important ...
CO 2 - ICTS
... Take Home message On time scales of 100,000 to million years , the silicate weathering would clean up our mess & pull down the CO2 to pre-industrial levels. Ultimately, all “Fossil Fuel CO2” would be converted to carbonate deposits on the ocean floor. ...
... Take Home message On time scales of 100,000 to million years , the silicate weathering would clean up our mess & pull down the CO2 to pre-industrial levels. Ultimately, all “Fossil Fuel CO2” would be converted to carbonate deposits on the ocean floor. ...
Climate Scenario Development
... The objective of this study was to estimate how global food supply might be affected by greenhouse gas induced climate change up to the year 2060. The method adopted involved estimating the change in yield of major crop staples under various scenarios using crop models at 112 representative sites di ...
... The objective of this study was to estimate how global food supply might be affected by greenhouse gas induced climate change up to the year 2060. The method adopted involved estimating the change in yield of major crop staples under various scenarios using crop models at 112 representative sites di ...
Potential mitigation of and adaptation to climate-driven
... 2008, Pierce et al. 2008, Bonfils et al. 2008, Das et al. 2009, Hidalgo et al. 2009). As a result, the State’s snowpacks are melting earlier (Kapnick and Hall 2009), and winter precipitation is falling increasingly as rain rather than snow (Hayhoe et al. 2004, Cayan et al. 2008). Several groups in t ...
... 2008, Pierce et al. 2008, Bonfils et al. 2008, Das et al. 2009, Hidalgo et al. 2009). As a result, the State’s snowpacks are melting earlier (Kapnick and Hall 2009), and winter precipitation is falling increasingly as rain rather than snow (Hayhoe et al. 2004, Cayan et al. 2008). Several groups in t ...
Open Letter to the Secretary-General of the United Nations
... to equip nations to become resilient to the full range of these natural phenomena by promoting economic growth and wealth generation. The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has issued increasingly alarming conclusions about the climatic influences of human-produced carbo ...
... to equip nations to become resilient to the full range of these natural phenomena by promoting economic growth and wealth generation. The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has issued increasingly alarming conclusions about the climatic influences of human-produced carbo ...
Modeling Uncertainty in Climate Change
... the possibility of non‐linearities in responses, particularly the potential for triggering thresholds in earth systems, in ecosystem, or in economic outcomes. To be sure, uncertainties have been explored in major reports, such as the IPCC Scientific Assessment Reports from the first to the fifth. ...
... the possibility of non‐linearities in responses, particularly the potential for triggering thresholds in earth systems, in ecosystem, or in economic outcomes. To be sure, uncertainties have been explored in major reports, such as the IPCC Scientific Assessment Reports from the first to the fifth. ...
Ehlers and Poulsen, Influence of Andean uplift on climate and
... values in Garzione et al., 2007; Quade et al., 2007; see also Hartley et al., 2006), and clumped (Δ47) isotope paleothermometry (Eiler et al., 2006; Ghosh et al., 2006; Sempere et al., 2006). When combined, these techniques have been interpreted to suggest a 2.5 ± 1.0 km surface uplift of the Bolivi ...
... values in Garzione et al., 2007; Quade et al., 2007; see also Hartley et al., 2006), and clumped (Δ47) isotope paleothermometry (Eiler et al., 2006; Ghosh et al., 2006; Sempere et al., 2006). When combined, these techniques have been interpreted to suggest a 2.5 ± 1.0 km surface uplift of the Bolivi ...
Questions and Answers about the Environmental Effects of the
... main reports of the Panels are published every four years, as required by the Meeting of the Parties. All three reports have an executive summary that is distributed more widely than the entire reports. It has become customary to add a set of questions and answers – mainly for nonexpert readers – to ...
... main reports of the Panels are published every four years, as required by the Meeting of the Parties. All three reports have an executive summary that is distributed more widely than the entire reports. It has become customary to add a set of questions and answers – mainly for nonexpert readers – to ...
Canada`s Mixed Record on Ozone Depletion and Climate Change
... concentrated in the stratosphere, 18 to 35 km above the earth's surface. The thickness of the ozone layer varies seasonally and geographically, but historically the amount of ozone was in a dynamic balance as the ozone naturally produced in the stratosphere offset the amount destroyed by natural cau ...
... concentrated in the stratosphere, 18 to 35 km above the earth's surface. The thickness of the ozone layer varies seasonally and geographically, but historically the amount of ozone was in a dynamic balance as the ozone naturally produced in the stratosphere offset the amount destroyed by natural cau ...
THE EVOLVING RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CLIMATE CHANGE AND SELF-HELP HOUSING Earl Kessler
... to relieve overcrowding; 6. improved community planning; and 7. security. The results of past self-help shelter programs are there to see in Solanda and Torrijos-Carter. The consolidation of the communities is testimony to the potential of families to build their own homes and improve their communit ...
... to relieve overcrowding; 6. improved community planning; and 7. security. The results of past self-help shelter programs are there to see in Solanda and Torrijos-Carter. The consolidation of the communities is testimony to the potential of families to build their own homes and improve their communit ...
New Explanation for Evaporation Paradox
... China, and this trend unexpectedly turned upward in around 1993, after investigating the local evaporation dynamics between 1958 and 2010, using a generic physical model based on long-term meteorological data collected at 81 ground-based meteorological stations. The turn in rate of pan evaporation, ...
... China, and this trend unexpectedly turned upward in around 1993, after investigating the local evaporation dynamics between 1958 and 2010, using a generic physical model based on long-term meteorological data collected at 81 ground-based meteorological stations. The turn in rate of pan evaporation, ...
Climate Change - National Wildlife Federation
... Protecting water quality, both along coasts and inland, is key in ensuring a healthy environment for coral reef ecosystems. NWF is committed to protecting the nation’s water quality through saving and restoring important watersheds. To learn more about our water quality activities, contact Tim Eder ...
... Protecting water quality, both along coasts and inland, is key in ensuring a healthy environment for coral reef ecosystems. NWF is committed to protecting the nation’s water quality through saving and restoring important watersheds. To learn more about our water quality activities, contact Tim Eder ...
underfunded, underprepared, underwater? cities at risk
... Overview of climate risks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Risk of tipping points and radical change to Europe’s climate system.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
... Overview of climate risks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Risk of tipping points and radical change to Europe’s climate system.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...
Global warming in the American mind
... warming, strong bipartisan support for international treaties and national mitigation policies, and strong opposition to higher energy or gasoline prices to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Relatively few Americans have undertaken individual mitigation behaviors. While global warming does have negat ...
... warming, strong bipartisan support for international treaties and national mitigation policies, and strong opposition to higher energy or gasoline prices to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Relatively few Americans have undertaken individual mitigation behaviors. While global warming does have negat ...
Climate change impacts, vulnerability and adaptation in
... Recent reports produced by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2001, 2007, 2012) conclude not only that green-house gas emissions are already beginning to change the global climate, but also that Africa will experience increased water stress, decreased yields from rain-fed agricult ...
... Recent reports produced by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) (2001, 2007, 2012) conclude not only that green-house gas emissions are already beginning to change the global climate, but also that Africa will experience increased water stress, decreased yields from rain-fed agricult ...
The BBC and ClimaTe Change: a Triple BeTrayal
... Significantly, however, it was precisely around this time that the global warming story was entering a new phase. It was beginning to throw up more serious questioning, both scientific and political, than ever before. Ever more scientists, many of them leaders in their fields, were beginning to chal ...
... Significantly, however, it was precisely around this time that the global warming story was entering a new phase. It was beginning to throw up more serious questioning, both scientific and political, than ever before. Ever more scientists, many of them leaders in their fields, were beginning to chal ...
Attribution of recent climate change
Attribution of recent climate change is the effort to scientifically ascertain mechanisms responsible for recent changes observed in the Earth's climate, commonly known as 'global warming'. The effort has focused on changes observed during the period of instrumental temperature record, when records are most reliable; particularly in the last 50 years, when human activity has grown fastest and observations of the troposphere have become available. The dominant mechanisms (to which recent climate change has been attributed) are anthropogenic, i.e., the result of human activity. They are: increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases global changes to land surface, such as deforestation increasing atmospheric concentrations of aerosols.There are also natural mechanisms for variation including climate oscillations, changes in solar activity, and volcanic activity.According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is ""extremely likely"" that human influence was the dominant cause of global warming between 1951 and 2010. The IPCC defines ""extremely likely"" as indicating a probability of 95 to 100%, based on an expert assessment of all the available evidence.Multiple lines of evidence support attribution of recent climate change to human activities: A basic physical understanding of the climate system: greenhouse gas concentrations have increased and their warming properties are well-established. Historical estimates of past climate changes suggest that the recent changes in global surface temperature are unusual. Computer-based climate models are unable to replicate the observed warming unless human greenhouse gas emissions are included. Natural forces alone (such as solar and volcanic activity) cannot explain the observed warming.The IPCC's attribution of recent global warming to human activities is a view shared by most scientists, and is also supported by 196 other scientific organizations worldwide (see also: scientific opinion on climate change).