download PowerPoint presentation pdf
... – Coal now bigger source than oil – China and India account for more than half of increase – China’s emissions 2-3 times as high as India’s; both more than double by 2030 • Country ‘responsibility’ a difficult concept – consumers round the world demand products ...
... – Coal now bigger source than oil – China and India account for more than half of increase – China’s emissions 2-3 times as high as India’s; both more than double by 2030 • Country ‘responsibility’ a difficult concept – consumers round the world demand products ...
Relevance in Present Context
... management of crop residues. Assuming the mean carbon content of 45%, total carbon assimilated annually in the crop residue is about 1.5 Pg in the world. If 15% of the carbon assimilated in the residue can be converted to humus fraction, it may lead to carbon sequestration at the rate of 0.2 Pg/yr o ...
... management of crop residues. Assuming the mean carbon content of 45%, total carbon assimilated annually in the crop residue is about 1.5 Pg in the world. If 15% of the carbon assimilated in the residue can be converted to humus fraction, it may lead to carbon sequestration at the rate of 0.2 Pg/yr o ...
7. Nature, “Soot a major contributor to climate change” (15 Jan 2013)
... warming effect disappears within weeks to a decade and a half after emissions are reduced. Third is the recognition that in addition to being climate forcers, two of the three SLCPs are also harmful air pollutants and reducing them will prevent millions of premature deaths ever year and protect te ...
... warming effect disappears within weeks to a decade and a half after emissions are reduced. Third is the recognition that in addition to being climate forcers, two of the three SLCPs are also harmful air pollutants and reducing them will prevent millions of premature deaths ever year and protect te ...
Competition for water, food, and land
... affected are subsistence farmers and fishers. The pie these people share is very small. When a slice is lost, the community that lost it must compete with its neighbors. This leads to conflict. 80% of the people in Sudan are farmers. In Sudan’s Darfur region in 2003, farmers couldn’t grow food becau ...
... affected are subsistence farmers and fishers. The pie these people share is very small. When a slice is lost, the community that lost it must compete with its neighbors. This leads to conflict. 80% of the people in Sudan are farmers. In Sudan’s Darfur region in 2003, farmers couldn’t grow food becau ...
Detection and attribution of climate change for the
... Simulation data: internally generated by a very large number of chaotic processes. Dynamical “cause” for real world’s natural unforced variability best explained as in simulation models. ...
... Simulation data: internally generated by a very large number of chaotic processes. Dynamical “cause” for real world’s natural unforced variability best explained as in simulation models. ...
3.4Bernard-Value_Slides
... science benefit statement on the OCR-VC? Who would we be aiming it at? Would it be doable/viable to produce some fairly short piece estimating the global economic value of OCR across the oceanic/climate change/carbon economy through to ecosystem services in the coastal and inland domains? Publishabl ...
... science benefit statement on the OCR-VC? Who would we be aiming it at? Would it be doable/viable to produce some fairly short piece estimating the global economic value of OCR across the oceanic/climate change/carbon economy through to ecosystem services in the coastal and inland domains? Publishabl ...
Draft Ann Arbor Protocol to the
... 5% tariff on all coal, oil, gasoline, gasoline burning vehicles, and other energy intensive goods imported from that country. The IPCC shall develop a list of energy intensive goods with an estimate of how much carbon dioxide emission reduction is associated with their use and manufacture. The Confe ...
... 5% tariff on all coal, oil, gasoline, gasoline burning vehicles, and other energy intensive goods imported from that country. The IPCC shall develop a list of energy intensive goods with an estimate of how much carbon dioxide emission reduction is associated with their use and manufacture. The Confe ...
Download - 238kb
... Climate change and increased climate variability have both direct and indirect effects on forests and forest-dependent people. For example, increased winter temperatures combined with fire suppression have led to massive population increases of the mountain pine beetle in Canada, resulting in the pr ...
... Climate change and increased climate variability have both direct and indirect effects on forests and forest-dependent people. For example, increased winter temperatures combined with fire suppression have led to massive population increases of the mountain pine beetle in Canada, resulting in the pr ...
Questions for Illustrated Text Video 1) How does the video introduce
... 22) Do nitrogen and oxygen gas add to the greenhouse effect? Explain. 23) What are the four main greenhouse gases? 24) Which is by far the most important greenhouse gas? Why? Part III. Carbon Dioxide (5:20) 25) Where did CO2 come from in the early Earth, half billion years ago? 26) How was CO2 from ...
... 22) Do nitrogen and oxygen gas add to the greenhouse effect? Explain. 23) What are the four main greenhouse gases? 24) Which is by far the most important greenhouse gas? Why? Part III. Carbon Dioxide (5:20) 25) Where did CO2 come from in the early Earth, half billion years ago? 26) How was CO2 from ...
CLIMATE CHANGE - University of Alaska Fairbanks
... of Land Grants in the Region Pacific Land Grant Alliance institutions serve a region and communities with diverse, widely dispersed, and mixed commercial/subsistence user groups. The land grant universities play a major role in identifying, fostering, and sustaining resource use and management syste ...
... of Land Grants in the Region Pacific Land Grant Alliance institutions serve a region and communities with diverse, widely dispersed, and mixed commercial/subsistence user groups. The land grant universities play a major role in identifying, fostering, and sustaining resource use and management syste ...
45:211: Environmental Geography
... • The Greenhouse Effect that warms the surface of the Earth occurs because of a few minor constituents of the atmosphere (GHGs) that absorb IR radiation very efficiently. – As a result of human activities, the concentrations of GHGs is increasing. – This will lead to a warmer Earth, the amount depen ...
... • The Greenhouse Effect that warms the surface of the Earth occurs because of a few minor constituents of the atmosphere (GHGs) that absorb IR radiation very efficiently. – As a result of human activities, the concentrations of GHGs is increasing. – This will lead to a warmer Earth, the amount depen ...
Slide 0 - Brookings Institution
... Consider the United States: •Regulatory system, e.g. under Clean Air Act »Protracted, legally uncertain ...
... Consider the United States: •Regulatory system, e.g. under Clean Air Act »Protracted, legally uncertain ...
Global Environmental Issues
... techniques of poor farmers, is another dilemma. However, as Rice University president Malcolm Gillis has observed, agriculture is not the only manifestation of the effects of poverty on deforestation. In most, but not all, poor nations, the role of poverty in deforestation is magnified by the ever-m ...
... techniques of poor farmers, is another dilemma. However, as Rice University president Malcolm Gillis has observed, agriculture is not the only manifestation of the effects of poverty on deforestation. In most, but not all, poor nations, the role of poverty in deforestation is magnified by the ever-m ...
PDF
... margin of grain production might be outside the zone of production within a decade of construction. Uncertainty and variability The treatment of uncertainty and variability is crucial in evaluating the effects of climate change. Most obviously, the discussion above shows that damage to agriculture i ...
... margin of grain production might be outside the zone of production within a decade of construction. Uncertainty and variability The treatment of uncertainty and variability is crucial in evaluating the effects of climate change. Most obviously, the discussion above shows that damage to agriculture i ...
2016 shattered Earth`s heat record
... ss Article-Based Observation: These questions focus on reading and content comprehension by drawing on information found in the article “2016 shattered Earth’s heat record.” Questions focus on observations about Earth’s surface temperature over time and reasons behind the changing climate. ss Quest ...
... ss Article-Based Observation: These questions focus on reading and content comprehension by drawing on information found in the article “2016 shattered Earth’s heat record.” Questions focus on observations about Earth’s surface temperature over time and reasons behind the changing climate. ss Quest ...
the tea in China Modeling crop production in a changing climate
... • Warming during last 50 years (more in winter than summer) • More pronounced in minimum than maximum daily temperature ...
... • Warming during last 50 years (more in winter than summer) • More pronounced in minimum than maximum daily temperature ...
2016 shattered Earth`s heat record
... ss Article-Based Observation: These questions focus on reading and content comprehension by drawing on information found in the article “2016 shattered Earth’s heat record.” Questions focus on observations about Earth’s surface temperature over time and reasons behind the changing climate. ss Quest ...
... ss Article-Based Observation: These questions focus on reading and content comprehension by drawing on information found in the article “2016 shattered Earth’s heat record.” Questions focus on observations about Earth’s surface temperature over time and reasons behind the changing climate. ss Quest ...
The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
... (i) moving away from the Kyoto framework to a longterm comprehensive agreement involving commitments by all major economies (ii) A national target reflecting Canada’s diversity and unique circumstances – currently a 17% reduction from 2005 levels by 2020 (iii) To reflect a pragmatic balance of econo ...
... (i) moving away from the Kyoto framework to a longterm comprehensive agreement involving commitments by all major economies (ii) A national target reflecting Canada’s diversity and unique circumstances – currently a 17% reduction from 2005 levels by 2020 (iii) To reflect a pragmatic balance of econo ...
EU DEVELOPMENT POLICY FOOD SECURITY
... The poor will be most vulnerable: More rural and dependent on agriculture More likely to reside in disaster prone areas Fewer assets and poorer access to services Have less capacity to respond Women farmers, socially excluded groups, landless face particular problems ...
... The poor will be most vulnerable: More rural and dependent on agriculture More likely to reside in disaster prone areas Fewer assets and poorer access to services Have less capacity to respond Women farmers, socially excluded groups, landless face particular problems ...
understanding climate science - Garnaut Climate Change Review
... between the atmosphere, the oceans, the water cycle, ice, snow and frozen ground, the land surface and living organisms. This system changes over time in response to internal dynamics and variations in external influences such as volcanic eruptions and solar radiation. The atmospheric component is t ...
... between the atmosphere, the oceans, the water cycle, ice, snow and frozen ground, the land surface and living organisms. This system changes over time in response to internal dynamics and variations in external influences such as volcanic eruptions and solar radiation. The atmospheric component is t ...
Earth Systems – Chapter 2
... stone and pits, etches, and discolors the building surfaces. In places, structural components are weakened and need to be replaced. FIGURE 14-13 Acid Rain and Power Plant Emissions (a) The location of coal-burning power plants. (b) The acidity of rainwater in different parts of the United States. Th ...
... stone and pits, etches, and discolors the building surfaces. In places, structural components are weakened and need to be replaced. FIGURE 14-13 Acid Rain and Power Plant Emissions (a) The location of coal-burning power plants. (b) The acidity of rainwater in different parts of the United States. Th ...
WHAT IS COP 17?
... - Small scale and homestead farmers in dry lands are most vulnerable to climate change and although intensive irrigated agriculture is better off than these farmers, irrigated lands remain vulnerable to reductions in available water; - Some predictions suggest that maize production in summer rainfal ...
... - Small scale and homestead farmers in dry lands are most vulnerable to climate change and although intensive irrigated agriculture is better off than these farmers, irrigated lands remain vulnerable to reductions in available water; - Some predictions suggest that maize production in summer rainfal ...
3_session_Ayensu
... * US – 17-28% below 2005 level by 2020; EU – 20-30% from 1990 level by 2020 (2.3 Gt); China - Reduce energy consumption per national income by 20% between 2005–10 (0.8Gt), and again between 2010-2015; Russia - stabilise emissions at ~30% below 1990 (0.7 Gt); Brazil - Reduce deforestation rates by 70 ...
... * US – 17-28% below 2005 level by 2020; EU – 20-30% from 1990 level by 2020 (2.3 Gt); China - Reduce energy consumption per national income by 20% between 2005–10 (0.8Gt), and again between 2010-2015; Russia - stabilise emissions at ~30% below 1990 (0.7 Gt); Brazil - Reduce deforestation rates by 70 ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""