Climate change and respiratory disease: European Respiratory Society position statement ERS POSITION STATEMENT
... than in the coldest period of the Little Ice Age in the late seventeenth century, with half of this increase occurring since the late 1960s [6]. This increase in temperature has also seen a rapid rise in the number of hot days and severe meteorological events, such as the 2003 heatwave, during which ...
... than in the coldest period of the Little Ice Age in the late seventeenth century, with half of this increase occurring since the late 1960s [6]. This increase in temperature has also seen a rapid rise in the number of hot days and severe meteorological events, such as the 2003 heatwave, during which ...
Using the Kyoto Protocol as a stepping stone.
... project have been submitted monthly to the UNFCCC. The total GHG reduction under JI until the end of 2012 is expected only to be about a quarter of CDM. In 2008 track 1 projects started to be submitted and now there are more track 1 projects (274) than track 2 projects (218). It has been easy to get ...
... project have been submitted monthly to the UNFCCC. The total GHG reduction under JI until the end of 2012 is expected only to be about a quarter of CDM. In 2008 track 1 projects started to be submitted and now there are more track 1 projects (274) than track 2 projects (218). It has been easy to get ...
Climate change in the UKOTs an overview of the science
... • The 1990s were the hottest decade on record and 1998 the hottest year on record since temperature recording began some 150 years ago. Climate change is happening at a much faster rate than originally expected. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), an assessment team of hundreds of ...
... • The 1990s were the hottest decade on record and 1998 the hottest year on record since temperature recording began some 150 years ago. Climate change is happening at a much faster rate than originally expected. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), an assessment team of hundreds of ...
Solving the paradox of the end of the Little Ice Age in the Alps
... [Vincent et al., 2004; Grove, 1988] show a general extension between the mid-eighteenth and mid-nineteenth centuries. For comparison, Figure 3b shows the length fluctuations of the Bossons glacier (Mont Blanc area) over the same period. Although these length variations cannot be directly interpreted ...
... [Vincent et al., 2004; Grove, 1988] show a general extension between the mid-eighteenth and mid-nineteenth centuries. For comparison, Figure 3b shows the length fluctuations of the Bossons glacier (Mont Blanc area) over the same period. Although these length variations cannot be directly interpreted ...
Predicting species responses to climate change: demography and
... test to determine whether the expected and observed (based on the GPS coordinates of our field site locations) distributions of recruiting sites differed. We also conducted binomial tests separately on each category to compare the expected likelihood of sites with recruitment in each model-projected ...
... test to determine whether the expected and observed (based on the GPS coordinates of our field site locations) distributions of recruiting sites differed. We also conducted binomial tests separately on each category to compare the expected likelihood of sites with recruitment in each model-projected ...
How does climate change influence arctic mercury?
... et al., 2009) and Hg (Klaminder et al., 2008) from organic-rich soils. The process of release during thawing may be particularly pertinent for Hg deposited from the atmosphere and stored at the surface of frozen ground, as this Hg has been shown to ‘fast track’ to the biota (Harris et al., 2007). Pe ...
... et al., 2009) and Hg (Klaminder et al., 2008) from organic-rich soils. The process of release during thawing may be particularly pertinent for Hg deposited from the atmosphere and stored at the surface of frozen ground, as this Hg has been shown to ‘fast track’ to the biota (Harris et al., 2007). Pe ...
Long-term interactions between vegetation and climate
... is one of the molecules needed for photosynthesis and is usually one of the limiting factors. Its effect on photosynthesis has been studied in laboratory experiments as far back as the 18th century, showing enhanced photosynthesis under elevated CO2 concentrations. Field scale experiments with incre ...
... is one of the molecules needed for photosynthesis and is usually one of the limiting factors. Its effect on photosynthesis has been studied in laboratory experiments as far back as the 18th century, showing enhanced photosynthesis under elevated CO2 concentrations. Field scale experiments with incre ...
The Next Step: Exponential Life 1 — PB
... dinosaurs, sixty-six million years ago. This may have opened the door, in terms of available niches, for the emergence of mammalian species and ultimately humanity. Reaching further into the earth’s history uncovers other, even more cataclysmic events for previous species. The Permian-Triassic extin ...
... dinosaurs, sixty-six million years ago. This may have opened the door, in terms of available niches, for the emergence of mammalian species and ultimately humanity. Reaching further into the earth’s history uncovers other, even more cataclysmic events for previous species. The Permian-Triassic extin ...
Impact of climate change on ozone-related mortality and morbidity in Europe
... and morbidity. Significant negative health effects have been demonstrated for different causes, mainly for respiratory and (to a lesser extent) cardiovascular diseases [14]. The majority of epidemiological studies concentrated on acute health consequences (due to short-term very high concentrations ...
... and morbidity. Significant negative health effects have been demonstrated for different causes, mainly for respiratory and (to a lesser extent) cardiovascular diseases [14]. The majority of epidemiological studies concentrated on acute health consequences (due to short-term very high concentrations ...
Stern i in. (2012) How does climate change in fl uence arctic mercury?
... et al., 2009) and Hg (Klaminder et al., 2008) from organic-rich soils. The process of release during thawing may be particularly pertinent for Hg deposited from the atmosphere and stored at the surface of frozen ground, as this Hg has been shown to ‘fast track’ to the biota (Harris et al., 2007). Pe ...
... et al., 2009) and Hg (Klaminder et al., 2008) from organic-rich soils. The process of release during thawing may be particularly pertinent for Hg deposited from the atmosphere and stored at the surface of frozen ground, as this Hg has been shown to ‘fast track’ to the biota (Harris et al., 2007). Pe ...
21st century climate change as simulated by European climate models
... U. Cubasch, H. Huebener Thanks to: F. Niehörster, I. Fast, T. Spangehl ...
... U. Cubasch, H. Huebener Thanks to: F. Niehörster, I. Fast, T. Spangehl ...
Ozone hole and Southern Hemisphere climate change
... been robustly documented in the last several years. It has altered the atmospheric circulation in a surprising number of ways: a rising global tropopause, a poleward intensification of the westerly jet, a poleward shift in storm tracks, a poleward expansion of the Hadley cell, and many others. While ...
... been robustly documented in the last several years. It has altered the atmospheric circulation in a surprising number of ways: a rising global tropopause, a poleward intensification of the westerly jet, a poleward shift in storm tracks, a poleward expansion of the Hadley cell, and many others. While ...
Greenpeace Policy on Saving Forests to Protect
... Forests also play an extremely important role in biodiversity conservation, with over half of the world’s land-based species of plants and animals living in them.2 Biodiversity is vital to mankind’s continued existence, since it is an essential component of the healthy ecosystem needed to provide th ...
... Forests also play an extremely important role in biodiversity conservation, with over half of the world’s land-based species of plants and animals living in them.2 Biodiversity is vital to mankind’s continued existence, since it is an essential component of the healthy ecosystem needed to provide th ...
NorthSouth asymmetry in the modeled phytoplankton community
... productivity in high latitudes. Detecting a climate changedriven trend in ocean ecology from observations, however, is far from trivial given natural interannual to decadal variability, the limited duration and sparse global observational records and the fact that the productivity changes can go in ...
... productivity in high latitudes. Detecting a climate changedriven trend in ocean ecology from observations, however, is far from trivial given natural interannual to decadal variability, the limited duration and sparse global observational records and the fact that the productivity changes can go in ...
Climate Change and the Chugach and Tongass National Forests
... somewhat differently, they generally agree that the region will see increases of about 2oF over the next few decades, 3-4oF in the second half of this century, and 4-7oF by late century. Where precipitation trends are discussed, it is generally agreed that both total precipitation and incidence of h ...
... somewhat differently, they generally agree that the region will see increases of about 2oF over the next few decades, 3-4oF in the second half of this century, and 4-7oF by late century. Where precipitation trends are discussed, it is generally agreed that both total precipitation and incidence of h ...
Climate change and global health - Canadian Federation of Medical
... populations, socially disadvantaged groups and those with pre-‐existing medical conditions will be disproportionately impacted by these environmental hazards [18]. Climate change effects in Canada disproportionately affect ...
... populations, socially disadvantaged groups and those with pre-‐existing medical conditions will be disproportionately impacted by these environmental hazards [18]. Climate change effects in Canada disproportionately affect ...
PDF
... and the other representing technical and economic conditions predicted for the year 2030. The impact of this climate on crop yields is captured using the EPIC model, and the direct effects of CO2 enrichment based on laboratory experiments are incorporated. Under the worst case scenario, where there ...
... and the other representing technical and economic conditions predicted for the year 2030. The impact of this climate on crop yields is captured using the EPIC model, and the direct effects of CO2 enrichment based on laboratory experiments are incorporated. Under the worst case scenario, where there ...
Item 5 Climate Change Adaptation Strategy
... In 2007, the direct cost of the damage caused by the flooding in England came to a total of £1.5 billion (source: Channel 4 News). This figure does not include the amount of business lost as a result of the flooding, and many small businesses will have been forced to cease trading as a result. The s ...
... In 2007, the direct cost of the damage caused by the flooding in England came to a total of £1.5 billion (source: Channel 4 News). This figure does not include the amount of business lost as a result of the flooding, and many small businesses will have been forced to cease trading as a result. The s ...
Slide 1
... 3. Sudden onset events are likely to be more frequent and have greater impact 4. Human Vulnerability - most important factor in determining the impact of future events 5. South East Africa and South and South East Asia are likely to suffer from an intensification of multiple hazards 6. Climate chang ...
... 3. Sudden onset events are likely to be more frequent and have greater impact 4. Human Vulnerability - most important factor in determining the impact of future events 5. South East Africa and South and South East Asia are likely to suffer from an intensification of multiple hazards 6. Climate chang ...
UNDP-TACC Pilot project Uruguay
... fishing, meteorology, tourism; but also public organisms and autonomous establishments that oversee administration of railroad, maritime roads, electricity, institute of statistics, direction of aviation, universities. Adding to these institutions, other projects or programs on climate change alrea ...
... fishing, meteorology, tourism; but also public organisms and autonomous establishments that oversee administration of railroad, maritime roads, electricity, institute of statistics, direction of aviation, universities. Adding to these institutions, other projects or programs on climate change alrea ...
PDF
... emissions make up almost half of New Zealand‟s gross emissions: at current targets, with a conservative carbon price of NZ$25, by 2020 New Zealand agricultural emissions will have an annual opportunity cost of $1 billion11. If New Zealanders could even halve emissions from agriculture we would benef ...
... emissions make up almost half of New Zealand‟s gross emissions: at current targets, with a conservative carbon price of NZ$25, by 2020 New Zealand agricultural emissions will have an annual opportunity cost of $1 billion11. If New Zealanders could even halve emissions from agriculture we would benef ...
The Adaptation Coalition Toolkit
... in the Latin America and Caribbean Region of the World Bank, with Jan Flora and Cornelia Flora of Iowa State University. The five country case studies and all project related activities and products were coordinated by Maximillian Ashwill. World Bank task team leaders for this project were Estanisla ...
... in the Latin America and Caribbean Region of the World Bank, with Jan Flora and Cornelia Flora of Iowa State University. The five country case studies and all project related activities and products were coordinated by Maximillian Ashwill. World Bank task team leaders for this project were Estanisla ...
Large-scale redistribution of maximum fisheries catch potential in the
... The distribution map of each species in recent decades (i.e., 1980–2000) was derived from an algorithm described in Close et al. (2006). Basically, this algorithm estimates the relative abundance of a species on a 30 0 latitude 30 0 longitude grid of the world ocean. Input parameters for the model ...
... The distribution map of each species in recent decades (i.e., 1980–2000) was derived from an algorithm described in Close et al. (2006). Basically, this algorithm estimates the relative abundance of a species on a 30 0 latitude 30 0 longitude grid of the world ocean. Input parameters for the model ...
Climate Change, Agricultural Production and Food Security
... conditions. The planting dates were chosen via a two-step process. First, the generally prevalent planting seasons were determined by region: the evidence suggests that planting occurs roughly in July in the higher altitudes and roughly in March in the lower ones. This target planting month was used ...
... conditions. The planting dates were chosen via a two-step process. First, the generally prevalent planting seasons were determined by region: the evidence suggests that planting occurs roughly in July in the higher altitudes and roughly in March in the lower ones. This target planting month was used ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""