PDF - Climate Diplomacy
... designs and assumptions that underlie statistical studies. This problem is compounded by the selective use of statistical evidence to promote particular policies. On the other hand, and partly in reaction to the above, there is at times exaggerated scepticism vis-à-vis quantitative methods, which, l ...
... designs and assumptions that underlie statistical studies. This problem is compounded by the selective use of statistical evidence to promote particular policies. On the other hand, and partly in reaction to the above, there is at times exaggerated scepticism vis-à-vis quantitative methods, which, l ...
A Climate of Concern: Climate Change and Health Strategy
... Toronto’s Health in a Changing Climate The evidence is clear, and it has been for some time. Climate change is a reality and it is already having an impact on our health. Whether our focus is on the creeping effects of gradual climate change or the unexpected and often violent effects of severe wea ...
... Toronto’s Health in a Changing Climate The evidence is clear, and it has been for some time. Climate change is a reality and it is already having an impact on our health. Whether our focus is on the creeping effects of gradual climate change or the unexpected and often violent effects of severe wea ...
Management & Engineering
... According to the estimation of State Forestry Administration in China, the potential of Chinese forestry to absorb carbon dioxide equivalent is huge, including: (1) to enlarge the afforestation area would increase forest carbon storage capacity. There are 57 million hectares of non-forest land, 264 ...
... According to the estimation of State Forestry Administration in China, the potential of Chinese forestry to absorb carbon dioxide equivalent is huge, including: (1) to enlarge the afforestation area would increase forest carbon storage capacity. There are 57 million hectares of non-forest land, 264 ...
Towards Adaptive Spatial Planning for Climate Change
... know it for certain, it is quite conceivable that we are ignorant of some future climate changes and their consequences on, for example, human health, flora and fauna. This uncertainty poses severe threats to ‘the governance of adaptation’. Taking decisions about how to adapt to climate change in th ...
... know it for certain, it is quite conceivable that we are ignorant of some future climate changes and their consequences on, for example, human health, flora and fauna. This uncertainty poses severe threats to ‘the governance of adaptation’. Taking decisions about how to adapt to climate change in th ...
A Proposed New Metric For Quantifying The Climatic Effects Of Human-Caused
... FIGURE SPM-2. Global-average radiative forcing (RF) estimates and ranges in 2005 for anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and other important agents and mechanisms, together with the typical geographical extent (spatial scale) of the forcing and the assessed level ...
... FIGURE SPM-2. Global-average radiative forcing (RF) estimates and ranges in 2005 for anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and other important agents and mechanisms, together with the typical geographical extent (spatial scale) of the forcing and the assessed level ...
What is this thing called `natural`? The nature
... understanding, and in order to protect biodiversity, wild nature and coherent green areas are highlighted. Rich biodiversity is thus framed as a favorable state that is threatened by human agency. Although value-laden and normative, the biodiversity concept is also closely connected to science and s ...
... understanding, and in order to protect biodiversity, wild nature and coherent green areas are highlighted. Rich biodiversity is thus framed as a favorable state that is threatened by human agency. Although value-laden and normative, the biodiversity concept is also closely connected to science and s ...
i3084e16
... about future climate change, one should be clearly aware of the underlying hypotheses used to produce such projections. Therefore, it is important to present, very briefly, the hypotheses of the four broad families of scenarios in the words of the SRES. The A1 scenario adopts a storyline that assume ...
... about future climate change, one should be clearly aware of the underlying hypotheses used to produce such projections. Therefore, it is important to present, very briefly, the hypotheses of the four broad families of scenarios in the words of the SRES. The A1 scenario adopts a storyline that assume ...
Forestry Actions to Tackle Climate Change and Its Impact on... Emission and Employment Creation in China
... Launching forestry key projects are both the strategic content of forestry sustainable development and Chinese positive action to deal with the challenge of global warming. At present China has carried out six forestry key programs with the widest range and the biggest scale in the history. The Fore ...
... Launching forestry key projects are both the strategic content of forestry sustainable development and Chinese positive action to deal with the challenge of global warming. At present China has carried out six forestry key programs with the widest range and the biggest scale in the history. The Fore ...
Hydrological Climate Change Impact Assessment at Small and
... or larger than the medium-sized rural basin. Small-scale assessment includes e.g., impacts on solute transport and urban hydrology and large-scale assessment includes e.g., climate teleconnections and continental modelling. In both cases, additional complexity is introduced in the process and additi ...
... or larger than the medium-sized rural basin. Small-scale assessment includes e.g., impacts on solute transport and urban hydrology and large-scale assessment includes e.g., climate teleconnections and continental modelling. In both cases, additional complexity is introduced in the process and additi ...
Grinnell Glacier
... may be gone by 2020. Rapid retreat of mountain glaciers is occurring globally as well. By 2100, Earth’s surface could be as much as 10°F warmer than present, causing major changes to biota. ...
... may be gone by 2020. Rapid retreat of mountain glaciers is occurring globally as well. By 2100, Earth’s surface could be as much as 10°F warmer than present, causing major changes to biota. ...
New Insights on the Physical Nature of the Atmospheric Greenhouse
... A recent study has revealed that the Earth’s natural atmospheric greenhouse effect is around 90 K or about 2.7 times stronger than assumed for the past 40 years. A thermal enhancement of such a magnitude cannot be explained with the observed amount of outgoing infrared long-wave radiation absorbed b ...
... A recent study has revealed that the Earth’s natural atmospheric greenhouse effect is around 90 K or about 2.7 times stronger than assumed for the past 40 years. A thermal enhancement of such a magnitude cannot be explained with the observed amount of outgoing infrared long-wave radiation absorbed b ...
An Analysis of Carbon Sequestration on Clarkson University`s Campus
... One of the most pressing issues in the modern scientific community is the problem of global climate change and the role that greenhouse gases play in the shifting global temperatures. Anthropogenic causes of global warming have become a major topic of concern because of the lifealtering changes that ...
... One of the most pressing issues in the modern scientific community is the problem of global climate change and the role that greenhouse gases play in the shifting global temperatures. Anthropogenic causes of global warming have become a major topic of concern because of the lifealtering changes that ...
Upward ant distribution shift corresponds with minimum, not
... their preference for local soil moisture and temperature (Smallwood, 1982; Warren et al., 2010, 2011a). At broader scales, eastern N.A. Aphaenogaster species have overlapping, but geographically distinct ranges that appear limited by climate. For example, A. rudis and A. picea often co-occur in the ...
... their preference for local soil moisture and temperature (Smallwood, 1982; Warren et al., 2010, 2011a). At broader scales, eastern N.A. Aphaenogaster species have overlapping, but geographically distinct ranges that appear limited by climate. For example, A. rudis and A. picea often co-occur in the ...
Climate influences the demography of three dominant sagebrush
... paddocks grazed at medium intensity spring through fall. All quadrats were located on similar topography and soils. Distances between quadrats within each group (paddock or exclosure) are in the tens and hundreds of meters, while distances between groups are roughly 1–3 km. Using a pantograph (Hill ...
... paddocks grazed at medium intensity spring through fall. All quadrats were located on similar topography and soils. Distances between quadrats within each group (paddock or exclosure) are in the tens and hundreds of meters, while distances between groups are roughly 1–3 km. Using a pantograph (Hill ...
Amplification and dampening of soil respiration by changes in
... One of the most important feedbacks of terrestrial ecosystems to climate change is the potential release of soil carbon as temperature increases, especially at high latitudes (Field et al., 2007). The amount of carbon stored in soils worldwide exceeds the amount of carbon in the atmosphere by a fact ...
... One of the most important feedbacks of terrestrial ecosystems to climate change is the potential release of soil carbon as temperature increases, especially at high latitudes (Field et al., 2007). The amount of carbon stored in soils worldwide exceeds the amount of carbon in the atmosphere by a fact ...
CLIMATE AND DEVELOPMENT COUNTRIES
... The worst case climate scenario would be a run-away greenhouse effect. Anthropogenic emissions warm the climate which may trigger positive feedbacks that release more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere (e.g. carbon contained in oceans, forests and wetlands or methane hydrates stored under permafrost ...
... The worst case climate scenario would be a run-away greenhouse effect. Anthropogenic emissions warm the climate which may trigger positive feedbacks that release more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere (e.g. carbon contained in oceans, forests and wetlands or methane hydrates stored under permafrost ...
Wadi Environmental Science Centre DEMENA Youth Climate
... increasing or decreasing. The demand for water in Egypt is dominated by three major user groups: agricultural irrigation, domestic use, and industry. The agricultural sector consumes about 85% of the annual total water resource. It is therefore likely that any effects of climate change on water supp ...
... increasing or decreasing. The demand for water in Egypt is dominated by three major user groups: agricultural irrigation, domestic use, and industry. The agricultural sector consumes about 85% of the annual total water resource. It is therefore likely that any effects of climate change on water supp ...
LCCARL418_en.pdf
... There is an urgent need to assess the social and economic consequences of the climate change, especially in those areas which are expected to be most vulnerable, including the Caribbean. Unfortunately, the most vulnerable regions are also those where developing countries are located and a rigorous a ...
... There is an urgent need to assess the social and economic consequences of the climate change, especially in those areas which are expected to be most vulnerable, including the Caribbean. Unfortunately, the most vulnerable regions are also those where developing countries are located and a rigorous a ...
Invited Commentary A simple framework for evaluating regional
... It is widely accepted that the Earth’s climate is changing more rapidly than it has in the past and that over the next 100 years temperatures will rise and patterns of precipitation will be altered. These predictions for the future have important implications for all ecosystems, particularly those, ...
... It is widely accepted that the Earth’s climate is changing more rapidly than it has in the past and that over the next 100 years temperatures will rise and patterns of precipitation will be altered. These predictions for the future have important implications for all ecosystems, particularly those, ...
Tracking pan-Canadian climate progress and
... coherent plan to meet or exceed its 2030 target, be it through additional federal actions or a combination of federal, provincial, territorial and Indigenous and local ...
... coherent plan to meet or exceed its 2030 target, be it through additional federal actions or a combination of federal, provincial, territorial and Indigenous and local ...
Salick BygKonchar_Tibetan Agriculture and Climate
... iii. Glacial retreat and loss of snow cover on mountains The glaciers of the Himalaya form the largest body of ice outside of the polar ice caps and as such, this region is often referred to as the third pole (see Qiu 2008). Increasing temperatures in the region have resulted in easily observable re ...
... iii. Glacial retreat and loss of snow cover on mountains The glaciers of the Himalaya form the largest body of ice outside of the polar ice caps and as such, this region is often referred to as the third pole (see Qiu 2008). Increasing temperatures in the region have resulted in easily observable re ...
Business Responses to Climate Change in Developing Countries: A
... investment decisions. CDP has the largest database of climate change of major enterprises in the world. In Carbon Disclosure Project 2011, instigated by 551 institutional investors with assets of US $71 trillion, CDP sent the more than 6,100 questionnaires to the world’s largest corporations request ...
... investment decisions. CDP has the largest database of climate change of major enterprises in the world. In Carbon Disclosure Project 2011, instigated by 551 institutional investors with assets of US $71 trillion, CDP sent the more than 6,100 questionnaires to the world’s largest corporations request ...
Adaptation and Vulnerability to Climate Change: The
... around 50,000 people2. The global surface affected by drought has doubled since 19703. Trends in flooding are harder to identify, but there is a highly significant shift to more frequent “100-year” floods on great rivers since 1993 globally4. At the same time, the incidence of days of heavy precipit ...
... around 50,000 people2. The global surface affected by drought has doubled since 19703. Trends in flooding are harder to identify, but there is a highly significant shift to more frequent “100-year” floods on great rivers since 1993 globally4. At the same time, the incidence of days of heavy precipit ...
AllanRP_PAGODA_Dec12 - University of Reading, Meteorology
... over the ocean [Liu & Allan 2012] • AMIP simulations can reproduce observed land P variability (relating to ENSO) [Liu et al. 2012; Allan et al. 2013] • Little agreement between AMIP and satellite data over ocean before 1996 [Liu et al. 2012] • Interannual P sensitivity to Ts may provide a constrain ...
... over the ocean [Liu & Allan 2012] • AMIP simulations can reproduce observed land P variability (relating to ENSO) [Liu et al. 2012; Allan et al. 2013] • Little agreement between AMIP and satellite data over ocean before 1996 [Liu et al. 2012] • Interannual P sensitivity to Ts may provide a constrain ...
Global Problems, african Solutions: african Climate Scientists
... rain-fed agriculture for both their food and much of their livelihood. Recent analyses of the impact of climate change on Africa’s weather patterns emphasize the following potential impacts: ...
... rain-fed agriculture for both their food and much of their livelihood. Recent analyses of the impact of climate change on Africa’s weather patterns emphasize the following potential impacts: ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""