Climate projections FAQ - Eastern Forest Environmental Threat
... partnerships with research institutions, other agencies, and contractors. (back) 2. How might climate change projections be used in management, decision-making, and planning processes? Many management decisions in the Forest Service, such as identifying priority restoration actions and locations, ...
... partnerships with research institutions, other agencies, and contractors. (back) 2. How might climate change projections be used in management, decision-making, and planning processes? Many management decisions in the Forest Service, such as identifying priority restoration actions and locations, ...
Potential mitigation of and adaptation to climate-driven
... Climate models forecast significant changes in California’s temperature and precipitation patterns. Those changes are likely to affect fluvial and riparian habitat. Across the American West several researchers and civil society groups promote increased beaver (Castor canadensis) presence as a means ...
... Climate models forecast significant changes in California’s temperature and precipitation patterns. Those changes are likely to affect fluvial and riparian habitat. Across the American West several researchers and civil society groups promote increased beaver (Castor canadensis) presence as a means ...
Assessing knowledge of social representations of climate change
... offered by tourist destinations and thus, any change in atmospheric conditions could have a considerable impact [4–9]. Similarly, it should not be forgotten that tourism has been, and is, one of the factors responsible for climate change: at present, tourism reflects the general energy consumption m ...
... offered by tourist destinations and thus, any change in atmospheric conditions could have a considerable impact [4–9]. Similarly, it should not be forgotten that tourism has been, and is, one of the factors responsible for climate change: at present, tourism reflects the general energy consumption m ...
Modelling the effects of climate and land cover change on
... temperature increased by +6.4 ◦ C and rainfall decreased by 20 percent annually, stream flow increased by 5.7 percent. Legesse et al. (2003) used the PRMS model and found that, in a tropical catchment in Ethiopia, a decrease in rainfall of 10 percent led to a reduction in stream flow of 30 percent, ...
... temperature increased by +6.4 ◦ C and rainfall decreased by 20 percent annually, stream flow increased by 5.7 percent. Legesse et al. (2003) used the PRMS model and found that, in a tropical catchment in Ethiopia, a decrease in rainfall of 10 percent led to a reduction in stream flow of 30 percent, ...
Cognitive and affective risk judgements related to climate change
... Current scientific knowledge indicates that the global climate is affected by human activities. The average global temperature has increased by approximately +0.7 °C during the last 100 years, and it is expected to increase more rapidly in the future. Conclusions about warming of the climate system ...
... Current scientific knowledge indicates that the global climate is affected by human activities. The average global temperature has increased by approximately +0.7 °C during the last 100 years, and it is expected to increase more rapidly in the future. Conclusions about warming of the climate system ...
Changes in Ocean Heat, Carbon Content, and Ventilation: A Review
... The Global Ocean Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Program (GO-SHIP; http://www.go-ship.org) is a systematic reoccupation of select hydrographic sections (see map in Supplemental Figure 1, included in Supplemental Appendix 1; follow the Supplemental Materials link from the Annual Reviews home p ...
... The Global Ocean Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Program (GO-SHIP; http://www.go-ship.org) is a systematic reoccupation of select hydrographic sections (see map in Supplemental Figure 1, included in Supplemental Appendix 1; follow the Supplemental Materials link from the Annual Reviews home p ...
On the uncertainty of phenological responses to climate change
... order to estimate the uncertainty in performance of a particular model structure and for parameter optimization; model structural uncertainty stems from different model assumptions and formulations, with different processes described differently by each model; model driver uncertainty is due to unce ...
... order to estimate the uncertainty in performance of a particular model structure and for parameter optimization; model structural uncertainty stems from different model assumptions and formulations, with different processes described differently by each model; model driver uncertainty is due to unce ...
BSR Creating an Action Agenda for Private
... change impacts as high as US$4 trillion by 2030 if we continue on our current path of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.6 These threats demand a reappraisal of climate risk and a comprehensive strategy for resilience. The IPCC report defines resilience as “the capacity of social, economic, and environm ...
... change impacts as high as US$4 trillion by 2030 if we continue on our current path of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.6 These threats demand a reappraisal of climate risk and a comprehensive strategy for resilience. The IPCC report defines resilience as “the capacity of social, economic, and environm ...
New Cost Estimates for Carbon Sequestration Through Afforestation
... estimates of the average cost of forest carbon sequestration. Moulton and Richards (1990) provided the first marginal cost estimates for the United States. Marginal costs are useful because they can be combined with cost estimates for other carbon mitigation and abatement approaches to identify the ...
... estimates of the average cost of forest carbon sequestration. Moulton and Richards (1990) provided the first marginal cost estimates for the United States. Marginal costs are useful because they can be combined with cost estimates for other carbon mitigation and abatement approaches to identify the ...
Examining Plant Physiological Responses to Climate Change
... ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3173-3357 (K.M.B.). ...
... ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3173-3357 (K.M.B.). ...
analyses Why are we seeing “REDD”? seeing “REDD”?
... by 2040, especially from poor countries (Jakobeit and Methmann 2007). The severity of the situation and the urgency to act has now become international consensus. Key contributions include the scientific evidence from the 4th assessment reports of the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCC) ...
... by 2040, especially from poor countries (Jakobeit and Methmann 2007). The severity of the situation and the urgency to act has now become international consensus. Key contributions include the scientific evidence from the 4th assessment reports of the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCC) ...
Climate-Smart Agriculture Sourcebook MODULE 14: Financing Climate-smart agriculture
... This module addresses the issue of financing climate-smart agriculture (CSA). The first part of the module looks at how climate change affects investment needs for agricultural development to support food security, poverty reduction and economic growth. The focus of the module is on the near term – ...
... This module addresses the issue of financing climate-smart agriculture (CSA). The first part of the module looks at how climate change affects investment needs for agricultural development to support food security, poverty reduction and economic growth. The focus of the module is on the near term – ...
Ecological controls on net ecosystem productivity of a seasonally dry
... Net ecosystem productivity (NEP) of seasonally dry grasslands in Mediterranean climate zones is determined by the duration and intensity of rainy vs. dry seasons. Precipitation in these zones is expected to decline with climate change during the next century, possibly reducing NEP. Ecosystem models ...
... Net ecosystem productivity (NEP) of seasonally dry grasslands in Mediterranean climate zones is determined by the duration and intensity of rainy vs. dry seasons. Precipitation in these zones is expected to decline with climate change during the next century, possibly reducing NEP. Ecosystem models ...
The role of private investment in increasing climate friendly technologies in developing
... See, IPCC (2007). “Climate Change Mitigation 2007: Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change;” Stern (2007). “The economics of climate change: the Stern Review.” Cambridge University Press, Cambridge; and, UNFCCC (2007). “Repor ...
... See, IPCC (2007). “Climate Change Mitigation 2007: Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change;” Stern (2007). “The economics of climate change: the Stern Review.” Cambridge University Press, Cambridge; and, UNFCCC (2007). “Repor ...
The Impact of Climate Change on Hurricane
... We estimate a damage function with respect to the magnitude of the storm using historic data from storms that have hit the United States since 1950. Impacts in different years are updated to current dollars using the GDP deflator. The damages are matched with characteristics of the storm including m ...
... We estimate a damage function with respect to the magnitude of the storm using historic data from storms that have hit the United States since 1950. Impacts in different years are updated to current dollars using the GDP deflator. The damages are matched with characteristics of the storm including m ...
Adapting to Climate Change - City of Sydney
... We have planted more than 10,250 trees to absorb pollution and reduce summer temperatures towards a target to increase the City’s urban canopy cover 50% by 2030. We are implementing an Urban Ecology Strategic Action Plan to conserve and maintain our biodiversity, the first green roofs and walls poli ...
... We have planted more than 10,250 trees to absorb pollution and reduce summer temperatures towards a target to increase the City’s urban canopy cover 50% by 2030. We are implementing an Urban Ecology Strategic Action Plan to conserve and maintain our biodiversity, the first green roofs and walls poli ...
FAQs - A Convention For Persons Displaced By Climate Change
... climate change, that program does not specifically deal with the situation of climate change refugees. Like the refugee regime, the UNFCCC was not designed for, and to date has not adequately dealt with ...
... climate change, that program does not specifically deal with the situation of climate change refugees. Like the refugee regime, the UNFCCC was not designed for, and to date has not adequately dealt with ...
Controls on Northern Hemisphere snow albedo feedback quantified
... [%K1] [QH2006]. QH2006 found that differences in the springtime SAF sensitivity (hereafter simply SAF) over the land regions north of 30°N (hereafter NH30), rather than controls of the atmosphere on the relationship between average surface and planetary albedo, explained the majority of the differe ...
... [%K1] [QH2006]. QH2006 found that differences in the springtime SAF sensitivity (hereafter simply SAF) over the land regions north of 30°N (hereafter NH30), rather than controls of the atmosphere on the relationship between average surface and planetary albedo, explained the majority of the differe ...
GLOCHAMORE Research Strategy - Mountain Research Initiative
... extent, mountain climates differ from those in nearby lower elevations, as do the essential natural resources, such as water, associated with them.Their verticality also generates tremendous habitat and species diversity over short horizontal distances. Human societies – not only within the mountain ...
... extent, mountain climates differ from those in nearby lower elevations, as do the essential natural resources, such as water, associated with them.Their verticality also generates tremendous habitat and species diversity over short horizontal distances. Human societies – not only within the mountain ...
Migration and Climate - International Institute for Sustainable
... of the storm. Labelling it a “climate change event” over-simplifies both its causes and its effects. Nevertheless, estimates of future numbers of climate change migrants are repeated almost glibly, either for shock value or for want of a better figure.13 This paper sets out ...
... of the storm. Labelling it a “climate change event” over-simplifies both its causes and its effects. Nevertheless, estimates of future numbers of climate change migrants are repeated almost glibly, either for shock value or for want of a better figure.13 This paper sets out ...
Multi-scale climate modelling over Southern Africa using a
... performed over Southern and tropical Africa using CCAM, to illustrate the capability of the model to function as a flexible downscaling tool at the climate-change time scale. In the downscaling procedure, the sea-ice and bias-corrected SSTs of 6 CGCMs (CSIRO Mk 3.5, GFDL2.1, GFDL2.0, HadCM2, ECHAM5 ...
... performed over Southern and tropical Africa using CCAM, to illustrate the capability of the model to function as a flexible downscaling tool at the climate-change time scale. In the downscaling procedure, the sea-ice and bias-corrected SSTs of 6 CGCMs (CSIRO Mk 3.5, GFDL2.1, GFDL2.0, HadCM2, ECHAM5 ...
planned relocations, disasters and climate change
... requires people to step outside their comfort zones and to think in different ways. There is also an undercurrent of resistance to considering issues of planned relocations now out of a concern that doing so would take pressure off national and international actors to implement mitigation measures w ...
... requires people to step outside their comfort zones and to think in different ways. There is also an undercurrent of resistance to considering issues of planned relocations now out of a concern that doing so would take pressure off national and international actors to implement mitigation measures w ...
Climate modulation of the Tibetan Plateau on haze in China
... al., 2012; Ye and Wu, 1998). Precipitation, land surface temperature and surface air temperature have increased on the TP over the past decades (Zhong et al., 2011). The TP has exhibited the largest surface radiative flux changes induced by aerosols (e.g., black carbon and dust) contaminating snow a ...
... al., 2012; Ye and Wu, 1998). Precipitation, land surface temperature and surface air temperature have increased on the TP over the past decades (Zhong et al., 2011). The TP has exhibited the largest surface radiative flux changes induced by aerosols (e.g., black carbon and dust) contaminating snow a ...
Cities and Climate Change: Global Report on Human Settlements
... coast of the US. The Equatorial western Pacific, central Indian Ocean and Australia’s northwest coast have experienced the lowest rates of rise.6 The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predicts that global sea levels will continue to rise anywhere from 0.18 to 0.59m above 1980 to 1990 ...
... coast of the US. The Equatorial western Pacific, central Indian Ocean and Australia’s northwest coast have experienced the lowest rates of rise.6 The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predicts that global sea levels will continue to rise anywhere from 0.18 to 0.59m above 1980 to 1990 ...
Barriers to Municipal Climate Adaptation: Examples From Coastal
... tolerance in paving materials with the awareness of increased heat projections under climate change or changing building codes to accommodate more flooding based on climate projections. Using the mainstreaming approach, planners still make specific reference to climate change as a motivating factor ...
... tolerance in paving materials with the awareness of increased heat projections under climate change or changing building codes to accommodate more flooding based on climate projections. Using the mainstreaming approach, planners still make specific reference to climate change as a motivating factor ...
Climate change feedback
Climate change feedback is important in the understanding of global warming because feedback processes may amplify or diminish the effect of each climate forcing, and so play an important part in determining the climate sensitivity and future climate state. Feedback in general is the process in which changing one quantity changes a second quantity, and the change in the second quantity in turn changes the first. Positive feedback amplifies the change in the first quantity while negative feedback reduces it.The term ""forcing"" means a change which may ""push"" the climate system in the direction of warming or cooling. An example of a climate forcing is increased atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. By definition, forcings are external to the climate system while feedbacks are internal; in essence, feedbacks represent the internal processes of the system. Some feedbacks may act in relative isolation to the rest of the climate system; others may be tightly coupled; hence it may be difficult to tell just how much a particular process contributes. Forcings, feedbacks and the dynamics of the climate system determine how much and how fast the climate changes. The main positive feedback in global warming is the tendency of warming to increase the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, which in turn leads to further warming. The main negative feedback comes from the Stefan–Boltzmann law, the amount of heat radiated from the Earth into space changes with the fourth power of the temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere.Some observed and potential effects of global warming are positive feedbacks, which contribute directly to further global warming. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report states that ""Anthropogenic warming could lead to some effects that are abrupt or irreversible, depending upon the rate and magnitude of the climate change.""