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Structure of Neutron Stars
Structure of Neutron Stars

... Remember about the difference between baryonic and gravitational masses in the case of neutron stars! ...
The ultra-luminous x-ray sources near center of M82
The ultra-luminous x-ray sources near center of M82

... Best Candidate of IMBH – M82 X-1  has luminosity ~ 1041 erg/sec  not at the center of the galaxy => Not an AGN  has a period of 62 days  very close to a young star cluster MGG-11 ...
Part1
Part1

... dust and the dust-to-gas ratio is intimately related to heavy element enrichment (e.g., you need dust to see IR!). o Along similar lines, millimeter line tracers of the ISM are key to robustly measure the dust-to-gas ratio in large systems. o CO (and other molecules) are known to be suppressed relat ...
FutureEnvironments
FutureEnvironments

Stars and Their Characteristics
Stars and Their Characteristics

white dwarf supernova
white dwarf supernova

THE INNER CORE OF A NEUTRON STAR Part 1
THE INNER CORE OF A NEUTRON STAR Part 1

... further collapse by super compression gravitational forces, such as quantum degeneracy pressure, due to the phenomenon described by the Pauli exclusion principle. This states that: ”No two neutrons (or any other fermionic particles) can occupy the same place and quantum state simultaneously”. Althou ...
Stellar Evolution
Stellar Evolution

chapter17StarStuff
chapter17StarStuff

... carbon in a shell around the carbon core, and H fuses to He in a shell around the helium layer • This double-shell burning stage never reaches equilibrium—fusion rate periodically spikes upward in a series of thermal pulses • With each spike, convection dredges carbon up from core and transports it ...
Chapter 12
Chapter 12

Calculate the Mass of the Milky Way Galaxy
Calculate the Mass of the Milky Way Galaxy

... • During the uncertainties of the era, Hubble was able to observe galaxies at distances up to 7 million light years away. By doing so he was able to come up with Hubble's Law, which said that the further galaxies were away from earth the faster they moved away from our planet. Hubble's rule proved t ...
Activities
Activities

Photometry of star clusters with SalsaJ - Eu-Hou
Photometry of star clusters with SalsaJ - Eu-Hou

Definitions of Magnitudes and Surface Brightness
Definitions of Magnitudes and Surface Brightness

... One often does not convert absolute magnitudes directly to W m – 2 . One usually goes by the round about process of referring to the absolute magnitude of the sun. In the B andV bands for example, this is: ...
Big Bang Theory
Big Bang Theory

... B. Turn on Show trendline. What is the slope of this trendline? This value, known as the Hubble constant, describes how recessional velocity is related to distance. The modern value of this constant is about 70 km/s/Mpc. C. How does Hubble’s law provide evidence that the universe is expanding? (Hint ...
Impact on stellar properties of changing physics SAC Summer
Impact on stellar properties of changing physics SAC Summer

... Stellar evolution describes the radical changes which stars undergo throughout their lifetime. The timescales of these processes differ substantially based on the physical process occurring in the stellar interior. Nuclear fusion is the primary energy production process for the majority of a star’s ...
electron degeneracy pressure and white dwarfs
electron degeneracy pressure and white dwarfs

...  Most stable stars are stable because their weight is held up by gas pressure. Do stars exist that are held up by electron degeneracy pressure, rather than gas pressure? • Yes: white dwarfs.  How are such stars made? • From normal stars at the end of life, when they have run out of fuel, can’t gen ...
5. cosmic distance ladder ii: standard candles
5. cosmic distance ladder ii: standard candles

Learning Objectives
Learning Objectives

... An object of known luminosity is called a standard candle. Most stars are not standard candles – their luminosities are not known and consequently their distances cannot be easily calculated. However, some special types of variable and exploding stars do have known, standard luminosities. Consequen ...
20_LectureOutline
20_LectureOutline

... • In Sun-like stars, the helium burning starts with a helium flash before the star is once again in equilibrium. • The star develops a nonburning carbon core, surrounded by shells burning helium and hydrogen. • The shell expands into a planetary nebula, and the core is visible as a white dwarf. • Th ...
Neither Star nor Trigram - 5 Yellow Focus of Attention
Neither Star nor Trigram - 5 Yellow Focus of Attention

... lines’. That may be so, but we may also see depiction of any one phenomenon, then the phenomenon one time captured at its momentum of ‘switch on’, another time captured at its momentum of ‘switch off’. As here, all comes under instigation of 5 Yellow, then 5 Yellow present in everything, you would e ...
EarthComm_c1s9
EarthComm_c1s9

Doppler Effect Demo
Doppler Effect Demo

... that are close to the Milky Way actually move toward us and are blue-shifted. However, all galaxies beyond a certain distance are red-shifted. Is it possible to see any planets orbiting other stars? As of the time of this writing (August 2002) no planets have been directly observed. Most extra-solar ...
Document
Document

The Propagation and Eruption of Relativistic Jets from the
The Propagation and Eruption of Relativistic Jets from the

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Dyson sphere

A Dyson sphere is a hypothetical megastructure that completely encompasses a star and hence captures most or all of its power output. It was first described by Olaf Stapledon in his science fiction novel, ""Star Maker"". The concept was later popularly adopted by Freeman Dyson. Dyson speculated that such structures would be the logical consequence of the long-term survival and escalating energy needs of a technological civilization, and proposed that searching for evidence of the existence of such structures might lead to the detection of advanced intelligent extraterrestrial life. Different types of Dyson spheres correlate with information on the Kardashev scale.Since then, other variant designs involving building an artificial structure or series of structures to encompass a star have been proposed in exploratory engineering or described in science fiction under the name ""Dyson sphere"". These later proposals have not been limited to solar-power stations. Many involve habitation or industrial elements. Most fictional depictions describe a solid shell of matter enclosing a star, which is considered the least plausible variant of the idea (see below). In May 2013, at the Starship Century Symposium in San Diego, Dyson repeated his comments that he wished the concept had not been named after him.
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