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Lecture 19: Low
Lecture 19: Low

... • Continue with life of a lowlow-mass star (like the Sun) after exhausting H in core -- post MS • Red giant (RG I) phase, with H shell burning • Helium flash goes off in shrinking degenerate core: horizontal branch star with He core burning • Double shell burning (H and He) yields red supergiant (RG ...
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File

... Q3.The diagram shows a teacher using a loudspeaker to demonstrate an important effect. The loudspeaker, which produces a note of constant frequency, is swung around in a ...
"Cosmic furnaces"()
"Cosmic furnaces"()

... be beyond human knowledge. This statement was quite acceptable before the birth of spectroscopy. More than two millennia before Comte, Aristotle made a proclamation which soon became dogma: “Everything in the heavens,” he said, “is made of perfect, unchanging and incorruptible ‘quintessence’.” One r ...
After the ZAMS - Lincoln-Sudbury Regional High School
After the ZAMS - Lincoln-Sudbury Regional High School

... This means that anything near a star will be blown away, or eroded. If it moves anywhere, it will be most likely away from the star, not towards it. But far greater than this is the loss of material from the star’s outer layers: it is just swept into space by the pressure of radiation from the core. ...
SIMULATIONS
SIMULATIONS

... Detailed analysis of parameter space from literature gives consistent results ...
Image Credit: NASA,ESA, HEIC, Hubble
Image Credit: NASA,ESA, HEIC, Hubble

... • Iron core No more reactions can produce energy to hold out core • Star begins to collapse due to gravity • What stops the collapse? – Electron degeneracy pressure – Electrons resist when we try to place them in the same place (not the same thing as electrostatic repulsion) – As soon as the collap ...
W > 1 - The Open University
W > 1 - The Open University

... Use the guide above for Coma to locate M99. Then move 2o southeast to reach NGC4374 (M84) (9.3) eg and NGC4406 (M86) (9.2) eg easily visible in the same field of view. Scan this field carefully to locate other non-Messier galaxies. Note their positions and sketch the field, then use a suitable star ...
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... Imaging a sphere of mass M, constant density ρ, radius R, and absorption by mass of κλ . The the optical depth is τ = κλ ρR = κλ ...
The most important questions to study for the exam
The most important questions to study for the exam

... • It contains the biggest and brightest stars. • It contains the greatest number of stars. • It consists almost entirely of hot, bright stars. 8. A certain star is seen to have a relatively low surface temperature but a very high luminosity. What can we conclude from these observations? • The star i ...
I Cloudy with a Chance of Making a star is no easy thing
I Cloudy with a Chance of Making a star is no easy thing

... launched last year by the European Space Agency, or telescopes mounted in airplanes, such as the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA). As the clouds cool, they become denser. When they reach about 1,000 atoms per cubic centimeter, they are thick enough to block ultraviolet radiat ...
Carolina Kehrig
Carolina Kehrig

... explanation for the non-detection of WR features in some galaxy spectra  Nearby narrow HeII emitters, specially metal-poor ones, are fundamental to better constrain models for metal-poor massive stars and understand high-z HeII emitters  IFS of IZw18: reveal for the first time its total HeII-ioniz ...
What is a Star - Optics Institute of Southern California
What is a Star - Optics Institute of Southern California

... The properties of a main sequence star can be understood by considering the various physical processes acting in the interior. First is the hydrostatic balance, also called hydrostatic equilibrium. This determines the density structure of the star as the internal pressure gradient balances against t ...
Main Sequence Lifetime
Main Sequence Lifetime

... amount of fuel available (proportional to mass) divided by rate at which fuel is used (proportional to luminosity) • The Sun has an estimated MS lifetime of ten billion years • For other MS stars, lifetime is given by ...
Milky Way inner halo reveals its age | COSMOS magazine
Milky Way inner halo reveals its age | COSMOS magazine

... Using this method, he estimated that the stars in the inner halo of the Milky Way are 11.4 billion years old, which is within the range of previous estimates of 10 to 14 billion years. The oldest reliably aged cluster of stars in the outer halo region to date is 13.5 billion years old. White dwarf s ...
Astronomy (ASTR)
Astronomy (ASTR)

... we cannot see nor properly characterize, the so-called 'dark matter,' and of energy whose source is unknown and may defy knowing, the ubiquitous 'dark energy.' This course will attempt to elucidate what we currently understand about the composition, structure and evolution of the universe based on g ...
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... situations, consider the three scenarios of pairs of astronomical bodies below. Each body has its mass and volume specified, and the distance between each pair of bodies is also shown. ...
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Supernovae and cosmology

... Core collapses Pressure increases on gas surrounding core Potential energy is released as heat ...
exercise 1 - basic phys, chem
exercise 1 - basic phys, chem

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ASTRONOMY 113 Modern Astronomy

Lecture 2: Gravitational wave sources
Lecture 2: Gravitational wave sources

... problem. Convection is important, so simulations have to be done in three dimensions. Radiation transfer is also essential, as is a good treatment of neutrino transport. To make things even worse, it seems likely that magnetic fields will play a major role, and a wide range of scales could influence ...
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Helium Fusion What Will Happen When There Is No More Helium in

A Star is
A Star is

... • Scientists have learned that all stars are made up of the same elements which compose Earth. • The most common elements in stars are hydrogen and helium, in that order. • Small quantities of carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen are also found in stars, but stars are primarily composed of…. • HYDROGEN and ...
Stars
Stars

... a. They are red. b. They are much bigger than the sun. c. They are very far away. d. They are smaller than supergiant stars ...
Stars - Mrs. Tosh`s class
Stars - Mrs. Tosh`s class

... A star is made up of different elements in the form of gases. The inner layers of a star are very dense and hot. But the outer layers of a star, or a star's atmosphere, are made up of cool gases. ...
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Future of an expanding universe

Observations suggest that the expansion of the universe will continue forever. If so, the universe will cool as it expands, eventually becoming too cold to sustain life. For this reason, this future scenario is popularly called the Big Freeze.If dark energy—represented by the cosmological constant, a constant energy density filling space homogeneously, or scalar fields, such as quintessence or moduli, dynamic quantities whose energy density can vary in time and space—accelerates the expansion of the universe, then the space between clusters of galaxies will grow at an increasing rate. Redshift will stretch ancient, incoming photons (even gamma rays) to undetectably long wavelengths and low energies. Stars are expected to form normally for 1012 to 1014 (1–100 trillion) years, but eventually the supply of gas needed for star formation will be exhausted. And as existing stars run out of fuel and cease to shine, the universe will slowly and inexorably grow darker, one star at a time. According to theories that predict proton decay, the stellar remnants left behind will disappear, leaving behind only black holes, which themselves eventually disappear as they emit Hawking radiation. Ultimately, if the universe reaches a state in which the temperature approaches a uniform value, no further work will be possible, resulting in a final heat death of the universe.
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