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Thomas Tallis School
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P1 light and red shift FT
Grade:
Q1.
Waves have many different properties.
(a)
Draw a ring around the correct answer in the boxes to complete each sentence.
are longitudinal.
Light waves
are transverse.
may be either longitudinal or transverse.
are longitudinal.
Sound waves are transverse.
may be either longitudinal or transverse.
(2)
(b)
Waves can be refracted and reflected.
Draw one line from each property in List A to the correct diagram in List B.
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(2)
(c)
Diagrams A, B, C and D show oscilloscope traces of four different sound waves.
The oscilloscope settings are the same each time.
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o
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d
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d
.
(1)
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e
h
i
g
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s
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t
c
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s
o
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n
d
.
(1)
(Total 6 marks)
Q2.
The diagram shows a ray of light from a ray box that is reflected by a plane mirror.
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(a)
What name is given to the dashed line labelled J?
Draw a ring around the correct answer.
incident
normal
reflection
(1)
(b)
Draw a ring around the correct answer in the box to complete the sentence.
be doubled.
If the angle marked K is halved, then the angle marked L will
not change.
be halved.
(1)
(c)
A student looking into the mirror can see an image of the ray box.
Which two words can be used to describe the image that the student sees?
Draw a ring around the two correct answers.
inverted
magnified
real
upright
virtual
(2)
(Total 4 marks)
Q3.The diagram shows a teacher using a loudspeaker to demonstrate an important effect.
The loudspeaker, which produces a note of constant frequency, is swung around in a
circle.
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(a)
As the loudspeaker moves towards the students, the frequency of the note heard by
the students increases.
What happens to the note heard by the students as the loudspeaker moves away
from them?
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
(1)
(b)
The teacher is using the demonstration to model the red-shift in light that is
observed from most distant galaxies.
(i)
Which one of the following statements gives the main reason why models are
used in science?
Put a tick (
) in the box next to your answer.
Models can help to explain an effect or
theory.
Models can prove that a theory is correct.
Models can help to generate new ideas.
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(1)
(ii)
Explain how this demonstration can be used as a model for red-shift.
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
(2)
(c)
Red-shift provides evidence to support the theory that the Universe began from a
very small initial point.
What name is given to this theory?
........................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 5 marks)
Q4.
(a)
Scientists use telescopes to observe stars and galaxies.
Some telescopes are on Earth, but some are on satellites in space.
Why do telescopes in space give better images than telescopes on the Earth?
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
(1)
(b)
Scientists have observed that the wavelengths of the light given out from galaxies
that are moving away from the Earth are longer than expected.
(i)
What name is given to this observation?
Put a tick (
) in the box next to your answer.
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green-shift_
red-shift_
(1)
(ii)
Complete the following sentence by drawing a ring around the correct line in
the box.
shrinking.
This observation gives evidence for the idea that the universe is
not changing.
expanding.
(1)
(c)
Use the graph to answer the following questions.
(i)
What is the link between the speed that a galaxy moves away from the Earth
and the distance between the galaxy and the Earth?
...............................................................................................................
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...............................................................................................................
(1)
(ii)
The positions of three galaxies, A, B and C, are marked on the graph.
From which galaxy, A, B or C, would the wavelength of the light reaching the
Earth seem to have changed the most?
Galaxy .................................
Give a reason for your answer.
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 6 marks)
Q5.
Scientists have studied light from distant galaxies. The scientists found that light
from distant galaxies seemed to have increased in wavelength. Scientists have used
these observations to support the Big Bang theory.
(a)
Draw a ring around the correct answer in each box to complete each sentence.
contracting.
(i) The increase in wavelength of light suggests the Universe is
expanding.
staying the same size.
(1)
(ii)
The increase in wavelength of light suggests the Universe started
different points.
from
a very small point.
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collisions between galaxies.
(1)
(b)
Light from stars can be analysed to find out if the star is moving towards us, away
from us or is stationary relative to the Earth.
Our Sun is stationary relative to the Earth.
The spectral lines from our Sun and three other stars are shown below.
Draw a ring around the correct answer in each box to complete each sentence.
moving away from the Earth.
(i) Star A is moving towards the Earth.
stationary relative to the Earth.
(1)
moving away from the Earth.
(ii)
Star B is moving towards the Earth.
stationary relative to the Earth.
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(1)
moving at the same speed as star B.
(iii)
Star C is moving faster than star B.
moving slower than star B.
(1)
(Total 5 marks)
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