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Physics
Physics

... forms a diffuse reflection and for smooth shiny objects, reflections can result in clear images. Transparent materials transmit most of the energy through the material but smaller amounts of energy may be absorbed or reflected. ...
ILÍDIO LOPES ()
ILÍDIO LOPES ()

... In these layers we have an intricate web of different processes occurring and interacting in the same region and in the same time scale: convection, magnetic fields and pulsations. Beneath the stellar surface (a few percent of the star’s radius) this interaction becomes even more complicated due to ...
1. This question is about some of the properties of Barnard`s star
1. This question is about some of the properties of Barnard`s star

... Modern techniques enable stellar parallax angles as small as 5.0 10–3 arc-second to be measured. Calculate the maximum distance that can be measured using the method of stellar parallax. ...
Review problem
Review problem

... Find the nucleus that has a radius approximately equal to half the radius of uranium 238 92 U . P44.8 From ...
Stars: from Adolescence to Old Age
Stars: from Adolescence to Old Age

... • outside layers also collapse • layers closer to the center collapse faster than those near the surface. • As the layers collapses, the gas compresses and heats up ...
Free Referat Word Dimensiune: 63.5KB
Free Referat Word Dimensiune: 63.5KB

... A good way to see the stability of this equilibrium is to consider what happens if we depart in small ways from equilibrium: Suppose that the amount of energy produced by nuclear reactions in the core is not sufficient to match the energy radiated away at the surface. The star will then lose energy; ...
The H-R Diagram
The H-R Diagram

... The Random Walk towards the Spectral Types… • White Stars, with prominent hydrogen lines. Called them “A stars.” • Blue-white stars, with less prominent H lines, and weak helium lines. Called them “B stars” • Then, no more in this color direction, so skip some letters and… Cream colored stars, with ...
Stars: Properties and Classification
Stars: Properties and Classification

... (LSun=4 x 1026 Watts). Only about 10-9 of this actually hits the Earth. Yet, the power of sunlight that illuminates a patch of desert 100 km x 100 km is equal to the total power consumption of the US. 4 x 1026 Watts radiated over entire surface ...
stars - science1d
stars - science1d

...  Star begins to spin from energy of material coming in  High pressures build up, heating up atoms, star glows  Protostar: star in the first stage of formation ...
High-Speed Ballistic Stellar Interlopers
High-Speed Ballistic Stellar Interlopers

... indicates that the stars are traveling fast with respect to their surroundings—roughly five times faster than typical young stars. The interlopers were most likely ejected from massive star clusters. Assuming their youthful phase lasts only a million years and they are traveling 100,000 miles per ho ...
Lecture 22 - Cosmic distance scale
Lecture 22 - Cosmic distance scale

1. The gravitational force is the fundamental force that exists
1. The gravitational force is the fundamental force that exists

... A) Because according to the laws of probability, if there are only two possible outcomes for a random event, then either outcome is equally likely. You have a 50% chance of flipping heads, but you can’t predict in advance which flip will fall heads. B ) You do have a 50% of flipping heads, but it is ...
Lecture 9: Post-main sequence evolution of stars Lifespan on the
Lecture 9: Post-main sequence evolution of stars Lifespan on the

... This core contracts (having no internal energy source), and so T0 rises, and the extra energy released in the H-burning shell causes the outer envelope of the star to expand - the star ...
Birth of Stars
Birth of Stars

... The dust-shrouded interiors of molecular clouds where stellar births are thought to take place cannot be observed with visible light, but only with infrared and radio telescopes The timescale for the initial collapse is estimated to be very short astronomically (thousands of years), implying that st ...
CARBON STARS
CARBON STARS

... – Molecules CN and CH recognized – Heavy elements including Tc identified – Light element Li also abundant ...
Answers
Answers

... Hint: Consider the different stages these two stars will go through during their lifetime, and the properties of the final stages. Both stars will become supergiants after leaving the Main Sequence. When the core of the star collapses, both stars will explode as a Supernova. The 40 Msun star will re ...
Document
Document

... C) The two solar mass star eventually burns carbon and oxygen to heavier elements D) The two solar mass star does the same thing as a one solar mass star, but does it faster E) The two solar mass star does the same thing as a one solar mass star, but does it slower 23. Pulsars probably have at their ...
Astronomy
Astronomy

... D) White dwarf (only) E) Main sequence and double shell burning 21. What event is responsible for the ultimate death of the Sun? A) All the hydrogen runs out B) All the helium runs out C) The outer layers of the Sun are blown away by strong winds D) The Sun burns all the way to iron, which cannot bu ...
The colour-magnitude diagram
The colour-magnitude diagram

... The colour-magnitude diagram If stars belong to a same cluster → they are approximately at the same distance → we can use apparent magnitude instead of absolute magnitude A colour index is often use to measure Teff (more easily obtained than a spectrum) ...
Chemistry
Chemistry

... molecules in the nearby and distant universe. We can use this information to search for indicators of life on other planets, such as oxygen, ozone, and methane. The goals is to search for terrestrial planets beyond our solar system by measuring the light from stars with high precision. Why do differ ...
Solutions
Solutions

... The white dwarf stellar remnant is the dead core of the star after it has shed its envelope via a planetary nebula and has a radius of about the same as the Earth, about 0.1 solar radii, a mass of less than 1.4 solar masses and a very high temperature, equivalent to B & A stars. In spite of the high ...
reach for the stars
reach for the stars

... of this “critical mass”? (2 pts) Chandrasekhar Limit 18. What type of supernova results from a white dwarf gaining too much mass and exploding? (1 pt) Type Ia 19. Vega, Altair, and Regulus are flattened at the poles and bulging at the equator. What causes this? (2 pts) Rapid rotation [high spin spee ...
worksheet
worksheet

... 4. Compared to when it joins the Main Sequence, a star’s mass at the end of its life will Be greater ...
Foundations III The Stars
Foundations III The Stars

... The surface of a planet that close to our sun would be scorching hot. But because the star Gliese 581 is only about 1 percent as bright as the sun, temperatures on the new planet should be much more comfortable. Taking into account the presence of an atmosphere and how much starlight the planet prob ...
Lecture 13: The Stars –
Lecture 13: The Stars –

... planet should be much more comfortable. Taking into account the presence of an atmosphere and how much starlight the planet probably reflects, astronomers calculated the average temperature ranges from minus 24 degrees to 10 degrees ...
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Future of an expanding universe

Observations suggest that the expansion of the universe will continue forever. If so, the universe will cool as it expands, eventually becoming too cold to sustain life. For this reason, this future scenario is popularly called the Big Freeze.If dark energy—represented by the cosmological constant, a constant energy density filling space homogeneously, or scalar fields, such as quintessence or moduli, dynamic quantities whose energy density can vary in time and space—accelerates the expansion of the universe, then the space between clusters of galaxies will grow at an increasing rate. Redshift will stretch ancient, incoming photons (even gamma rays) to undetectably long wavelengths and low energies. Stars are expected to form normally for 1012 to 1014 (1–100 trillion) years, but eventually the supply of gas needed for star formation will be exhausted. And as existing stars run out of fuel and cease to shine, the universe will slowly and inexorably grow darker, one star at a time. According to theories that predict proton decay, the stellar remnants left behind will disappear, leaving behind only black holes, which themselves eventually disappear as they emit Hawking radiation. Ultimately, if the universe reaches a state in which the temperature approaches a uniform value, no further work will be possible, resulting in a final heat death of the universe.
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