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The Life of a Star
The Life of a Star

... o A supernova can light up the sky for weeks. o The temperature in a supernova can reach 1,000,000,000 °C.  The material spews off into interstellar space -- perhaps to collide with other cosmic debris and form new stars, perhaps to form planets and moons, perhaps to act as the seeds for an infinit ...
Phy107Fall06Lect19
Phy107Fall06Lect19

Sammy Nagel · Annie Jump Cannon
Sammy Nagel · Annie Jump Cannon

... She classified over 350000 stars.1.She also classified over 300 rare types of stars.2.Annie organized and collected photos for Harvard.3.She added over 300000 photos to their collection.4.Harvard had 200000 photos before Annie came, and 500000 photos after she left.5.She got an award named after her ...
Young Stars
Young Stars

... •Objects lighter than 0.08 MSun are called Brown brown Dwarf dwarfs ...
Stardeath
Stardeath

solutions
solutions

... sectional area πR2 , and it would accrete all of the material along a cylinder of that size. With radius R. The impact parameter is b and the velocity at infinite distance is v∞ (i. gravity, however, additional material will be pulled in; we can describe this by an effective area the to ...
Death of High Mass Stars
Death of High Mass Stars

... Death of a High Mass Star • After core has a mass greater than 1.4 M (Chandrasekhar limit) the electron degeneracy is not strong enough. • Electrons are forced to combine with the protons to create neutrons. • Core collapses until pressure from physical force of neutrons bouncing against each other ...
Stellar Spire in the Eagle Nebula
Stellar Spire in the Eagle Nebula

... gas that reside in chaotic neighborhoods, where energy from newborn stars sculpts fantasy-like landscapes in the gas. The tower is a giant incubator for these newborn stars. A torrent of ultraviolet light from a band of massive, hot, young stars [off the top of the image] is eroding the pillar. The ...
Normal Stars - Chandra X
Normal Stars - Chandra X

... communications and produce spectacular displays known as the Northern and Southern Lights. Flares may even have a subtle but important effect on our weather. This photograph of the Sun, taken on December 19, 1973 during the third and final manned Skylab mission, shows one of the most spectacular sol ...
Stars
Stars

Birth of Elements
Birth of Elements

... dominating over the PP chain. The crossover occurs around a core temperature of about 14 million Kelvin. After all the Hydrogen in the core is burnt, then what? The core of the star then begins to contract and the outer regions expand, causing the star to bloat up in size. This phase of the evolutio ...
Astrophysics 11 - HR Diagram
Astrophysics 11 - HR Diagram

... • Sun1.05800Main sequence • Betelgeuse20 000 Red ...
Life Cycle of a Star
Life Cycle of a Star

... The color of a star is dependant on its temperature. Astronomers measure the temperature of each star by its outer most layer or its photosphere. O stars, which are the hottest of the seven categories, are blue in color. M stars, which are the coolest, are red. Within the range of this spectrum, the ...
How long would the Sun shine? Fuel = Gravitational Energy? Fuel
How long would the Sun shine? Fuel = Gravitational Energy? Fuel

... – The Sun will find another source of fuel: Helium • When hydrogen nuclei are exhausted, the Sun begins to contract, getting hotter. • When temperature in the core increases to ~100 million K, helium begins to burn, generating nuclear energy again. The surface of the star expands. – 4He + 4He + 4He ...
Lecture 11 - Stars and Atomic Spectra
Lecture 11 - Stars and Atomic Spectra

star
star

... temperature,  color,  and  absolute  brightness  of  a   sample  of  stars.     —  They  are  used  to  estimate  the  sizes  of  stars  and  their   distances,  and  infer  how  stars  change  over  time.     —  If  two  stars  a ...
Supernovae - Michigan State University
Supernovae - Michigan State University

... This is the fraction of matter in the Galaxy that had to be processed through the scenario (massive stars here) to account for todays observed solar abundances. To explain the origin of the elements one needs to have • constant overproduction (then the pattern is solar) • sufficiently high overprodu ...
Astronomy HOMEWORK Chapter 12 - 9th Edition 1. Consider a star
Astronomy HOMEWORK Chapter 12 - 9th Edition 1. Consider a star

... Answer: Cepheids are stars which pulsate in brightness in a distinctive way due to a thermal instability. A higher-mass star becomes a Cepheid when its evolutionary path takes it across the instability strip. The most important characteristic of Cepheids is that their pulsation period correltates wi ...
Astronomy 10 - UC Berkeley Astronomy w
Astronomy 10 - UC Berkeley Astronomy w

... When the helium core is first formed, the core is not hot enough fuse the helium into heavier elements. Only once the red giant phase occurs, and the core contracts and heats up to a temperature of around 108 K is the core hot enough to start burning helium. (11) page 321, question 6 When a star she ...
The Stars - Department of Physics and Astronomy
The Stars - Department of Physics and Astronomy

... 1) P + P  D + e+ + neutrino + energy 2) D + P  3He + photon + energy 3) 3He + 3He 4He + 2protons + photon + energy ...
Main Sequence Stars
Main Sequence Stars

The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram
The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram

... Our sun is a main sequence star, as are many stars close to our solar system in our galaxy. Other stars, however, have characteristics that place them in other groups on the chart. Stars that are cool but very luminous must be very large. These we call red giants or super giants. Finally, there are ...
Starlight (conclusion)
Starlight (conclusion)

... Types of stars, important terms Main Sequence Giants Supergiants White dwarfs What does it all mean? ...
Classifying Stars - Concord Academy Boyne
Classifying Stars - Concord Academy Boyne

... Stars begin their lives as nebula ...
Lesson Plan - eCUIP
Lesson Plan - eCUIP

... Introduction: Edwin Hubble made some of the most important discoveries in modern astronomy. In the 1920s, while working at the Mt. Wilson Observatory, he was able to show that some of the numerous distant, faint clouds of light in the universe were actually entire galaxies. This realization changed ...
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Future of an expanding universe

Observations suggest that the expansion of the universe will continue forever. If so, the universe will cool as it expands, eventually becoming too cold to sustain life. For this reason, this future scenario is popularly called the Big Freeze.If dark energy—represented by the cosmological constant, a constant energy density filling space homogeneously, or scalar fields, such as quintessence or moduli, dynamic quantities whose energy density can vary in time and space—accelerates the expansion of the universe, then the space between clusters of galaxies will grow at an increasing rate. Redshift will stretch ancient, incoming photons (even gamma rays) to undetectably long wavelengths and low energies. Stars are expected to form normally for 1012 to 1014 (1–100 trillion) years, but eventually the supply of gas needed for star formation will be exhausted. And as existing stars run out of fuel and cease to shine, the universe will slowly and inexorably grow darker, one star at a time. According to theories that predict proton decay, the stellar remnants left behind will disappear, leaving behind only black holes, which themselves eventually disappear as they emit Hawking radiation. Ultimately, if the universe reaches a state in which the temperature approaches a uniform value, no further work will be possible, resulting in a final heat death of the universe.
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