Download Classifying Stars - Concord Academy Boyne

Classifying Stars
A brief overview of how stars are formed
and how to classify them
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Click the links below to navigate
How a star is formed
Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram
The mass of a star
A look at the H-R diagram
Life cycle of a star
Extra practice
Stellar classification
About the author
Types of stars- Part I
Resources
Types of stars- Part II
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How is a Star Formed?
Stars begin their lives as nebula
Gravity then pulls together dust and gas from the
nebula to form a protostar
These clouds of dust and hydrogen gas then collapse
under their own gravity
The center of this cloud then becomes very hot and
nuclear fusion occurs.
This process releases so much energy that the star
then shines with its own light.
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Stars are Different Sizes
Stars have a life cycle that depends on the initial mass of the star.
The more mass a star has, the faster it will burn.
Low mass stars, or small stars, survive for billions
of years. These small stars die quietly, and in their
place, a small white dwarf is left behind.
High mass stars, or large stars, survive for a few
million years. These large stars die in supernova
explosions, and in their place, a black hole is left
behind.
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Summary: Life Cycle of a Star
Click on the picture above to watch a
video from the history channel on
the life cycle of a star!
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Videos to Watch
• http://www1.teachertube.com/viewVideo.php
?video_id=73345
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=80eMTnn
Ljhs
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HEheh1B
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What is Stellar Classification?
The classification of stars is based on the elements they absorb
and their temperature, and are listed from hottest to coldest
Class
Temperature
Conventional Color
Mass
(The Sun=1)
Radius
(The Sun=1)
Luminosity
(The Sun=1)
O
30,100–60,000 K
blue
60 M☉
15 R☉
1,400,000 L☉
B
10,100–30,000 K
blue white
18 M☉
7 R☉
20,000 L☉
A
7,600–10,000 K
white
3.1 M☉
2.1 R☉
80 L☉
F
6,100–7,500 K
yellowish white
1.7 M☉
1.3 R☉
6 L☉
G
5,100–6,000 K
yellow
1.1 M☉
1.1 R☉
1.2 L☉
K
3,600–5,000 K
orange
0.8 M☉
0.9 R☉
0.4 L☉
M
2,000–3,500 K
red
0.3 M☉
0.4 R☉
0.04 L☉
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Types of Stars
Type B
stars in
the
Pleiades
open
star
cluster

Type O Stars in Orion’s Belt
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Types of Stars (continued)
Type F Star- Procyon
Type K Star- Arcturus
Above: Type A Star- Vega
Below: Type A Star-Sirius
Type M Star- Betelgeuse
Type G Star- The Sun
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The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram
The H-R Diagram shows the relationship between absolute magnitude,
luminosity, classification, and effective temperatures of stars.
It is a graph that plots star color versus its luminosity.
The H-R Diagram can be used to define different types of stars.
It can also be used by scientists to measure how far away a star cluster is from the
Earth.
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A Look at the H-R Diagram
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Star Cut-Outs
For your assignment, print this slide, color the stars the
appropriate color and cut out. Then, put the stars in
order from coldest to hottest
Betelgeuse
Aldebaran
3,100 C
The Sun
5,000 C
0.04 L
5,400 C
0.4 L
1.2 L
Polaris
6,100 C
6L
Vega
Spica
10,000 C
31,000 C
Regulus
80 L
1,400,000 L
20,000 C
20,000 L
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Resources
Life Cycle Video:
Teacher Tube
Images:
Wikipedia- Nebulas
Deep Space Photos
Star Field Observatory
Hubble Information Center
H-R Diagram
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