• Study Resource
  • Explore
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Acute Coronary Syndrome Therapeutic Intervention
Acute Coronary Syndrome Therapeutic Intervention

... 3. Nevertheless, activated plasmin is vulnerable to be deactivated by plasma AntiPlasmin which can reduce it’s fibrinolytic properties. 4. Streptokinase is given in order to bind to the Plasminogen, which in return will a. Allow Urokinase to cleave Plasminogen into Plasmin b. Then, protect the Plasm ...
Thyroxine and Antithyroid Drugs(Hand out)
Thyroxine and Antithyroid Drugs(Hand out)

... When taken orally incorporated into thyroglobulin in a similar way to iodide The isotope used is 131I Emits both β and γ radiation. Β rays are destructive to tissues 131I has a half-life of 8 days∴its radioactivity lasts ∼2 ...
skeletal muscle relaxants
skeletal muscle relaxants

... Atracurium is degraded spontaneously in plasma by ester hydrolysis ,it releases histamine and can produce a fall in blood pressure ,flushing and bronchoconstriction. is metabolized to laudanosine( which can provoke seizures),Cisatracurium with similar pharmacokinetics is more safer. non depolarizer ...
hypnotics and sedatives
hypnotics and sedatives

... Compounds with a shorter t1/2 are favored in patients with sleep-onset insomnia but without significant daytime anxiety who need to function at full effectiveness during the day. • These compounds also appropriate for the elderly because of a decreased risk of falls and respiratory depression. • One ...
Antipsychotics - 2011
Antipsychotics - 2011

... • Fluvoxamine inhibits olanzapine and clozapine metabolism • Smoking induces Olanzapine metabolism • SSRIs inhibit most antipsychotics and therefore increase serum concentrations • Phenytoin reduces serum concentration of Quetiapine • Others – grapefruit juice, Antibiotics, ...
osphena
osphena

... vulvar and vaginal atrophy, due to menopause • Osphena selectively binds to estrogen receptors, inducing changes to the vaginal epithelium and decreasing vaginal pH • There is an increased risk of endometrial cancer in women with a uterus who uses unopposed estrogens • The recommended daily dose is ...
A Medicinal Chemistry Perspec8ve on Picking the Right
A Medicinal Chemistry Perspec8ve on Picking the Right

... A substance will not work unless it is bound -Paul Ehrlich, 1913 ...
Calanus - U.S. GLOBEC Georges Bank
Calanus - U.S. GLOBEC Georges Bank

... General Hypothesis The seasonal evolution of characteristic spatial patterns of each dominant copepod species on GB/GOM is predictable from the interaction between its characteristic life-history traits and the biological and physical environment. Calanus ...
Urinary Incontinence Drugs
Urinary Incontinence Drugs

... 2. Oxytrol transdermal System (Expensive) ...
RL 4 Chiral drugs
RL 4 Chiral drugs

... existence of chirality of drug receptor areas and the requirement of chiral specificity on drugs. In order to understand the biological effect of drugs, we have to distinguish the three main phases of their action. The first phase is the initial receptor differentiation phase, where different drugs ...
Name: Date: ______ Bell: ______ Science Semester 1 Exam
Name: Date: ______ Bell: ______ Science Semester 1 Exam

... The number of bacteria that grow. Type of swab used, type of Petri dish, number of days. Usually there are a lot. The classroom door handle will be the control and you will compare the results of other locations 15 colonies of bacteria grew. The bacteria that grew was green. If you swabbed for bacte ...
Does flexeril affect your liver
Does flexeril affect your liver

... equipment manufacturer – reshaping your world, one product at a time. The liver is the largest gland and organ in the body. There are a variety of liver diseases caused by liver inflammation, scarring of the liver, infection of the. Side Effects. Turmeric supplements are generally safe to use, altho ...
Jeopardy - lumen.luc.edu
Jeopardy - lumen.luc.edu

... This typical antipsychotic is available PO, IM, & IV; is commonly used to treat agitated patients in hospitals/ER’s; & can be used to treat Tourette’s syndroms ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... • note: potential for effect of an antagonist only if the susceptible system is activated » consider propanolol as an example ...
Ecology
Ecology

... A heterotrophic organism near the base of a food chain or food web (see definitions) that obtains all or some of its energy by consuming primary producers (see definition). Examples of primary consumers include all the strict herbivores, like bovines, deer, and most insects, and all the omnivores, l ...
Quarter 1 Mnemonics
Quarter 1 Mnemonics

... ACE inhibitors/ AngII antagonists (sometimes Alpha agonists also) Beta blockers ...
lecture6-Quantitative aspect of drugs 12-132014-08
lecture6-Quantitative aspect of drugs 12-132014-08

... prevents binding of agonist to the Agonist and Antagonist compete receptor at the same binding site ( = competes with ( only one is bound) it atIrreversible same occupancy site ) ...
Opioid Analgesics and Antagonists
Opioid Analgesics and Antagonists

... codeine.. It is well absorbed orally, , and it is metabolized in the liver. Propoxyphene can produce nausea, anorexia, and constipation. ...
buprenorphine oxycodone table
buprenorphine oxycodone table

... Resp depression and sedation Also antagonises analgesia of other opioids Drowsiness at high doses Decreases pain threshold and antagonises placebo effect ↑SNS activity ↑HR, BP pulm edema at high ...
National 800 Phone Number What Are Synthetic Drugs? Synthetic
National 800 Phone Number What Are Synthetic Drugs? Synthetic

...  Chemicals created for recreational use to evade drug legislation by modifying molecular structure of existing drugs or by finding new drug classes that will produce effects similar to marijuana, cocaine and methamphetamine  Based on their chemical make-up, these drugs are commonly divided into tw ...
Biotic and Abiotic Factors
Biotic and Abiotic Factors

... various forms of symbiosis, can affect an ecosystem. Community Interactions Competition – Competition • ____________________ occurs when organisms of the same or different species attempt to use an ecological resource in the same place at the same time. • A ___________________ is any necessity of li ...
What lessons can we learn from 20 years of chemokine receptor drug discovery?
What lessons can we learn from 20 years of chemokine receptor drug discovery?

... Two hydrophobic pockets - extracellular face of TMI-III TMI III & TMIII TMIII-VII VII Glu283 essential for almost all compound interactions (except TAK-779) Partially overlaps with endogenous ligand binding site 2 ...
Case 1: PMS, Contraception, Pregnancy and Lactation
Case 1: PMS, Contraception, Pregnancy and Lactation

... A. 800mg ergocalciferol/day, MT’s vitamin D levels are normal B. 600mg cholecalciferol/day, MT’s vitamin D levels are normal C. 600mg ergocalciferol/day, MT’s vitamin D levels are low D. 1000mg cholecalciferol/day, MT’s vitamin D levels are low 15. If MT decided to discontinue HRT therapy after seve ...
Psychiatric Drugs Bind to Classical Targets Within Early Exocytotic
Psychiatric Drugs Bind to Classical Targets Within Early Exocytotic

... The classical targets for antipsychotic and antidepressant drugs are G protein-coupled receptors and neurotransmitter transporters, respectively. Full therapeutic actions of these drugs require several weeks. We show how therapeutic effects may eventually accrue after existing therapeutic ligands bi ...
Drugs Used in Gastrointestinal Disoders
Drugs Used in Gastrointestinal Disoders

...  Atropine (an anticholinergic) blocks acetylcholine from binding with the acetylcholine receptor  Histamine-2 (H-2) blockers block histamine from the mast cell from binding with the histamine receptor When any of these receptors are bound, the parietal cell is stimulated. The cell must now produce ...
< 1 ... 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 ... 126 >

Toxicodynamics



Toxicodynamics, termed pharmacodynamics in pharmacology, describes the dynamic interactions of a toxicant with a biological target and its biological effects. A biological target, also known as the site of action, can be binding proteins, ion channels, DNA, or a variety of other receptors. When a toxicant enters an organism, it can interact with these receptors and produce structural or functional alterations. The mechanism of action of the toxicant, as determined by a toxicant’s chemical properties, will determine what receptors are targeted and the overall toxic effect at the cellular level and organismal level.Toxicants have been grouped together according to their chemical properties by way of quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs), which allows prediction of toxic action based on these properties. endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and carcinogens are examples of classes of toxicants that can act as QSARs. EDCs mimic or block transcriptional activation normally caused by natural steroid hormones. These types of chemicals can act on androgen receptors, estrogen receptors and thyroid hormone receptors. This mechanism can include such toxicants as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDE) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Another class of chemicals, carcinogens, are substances that cause cancer and can be classified as genotoxic or nongenotoxic carcinogens. These categories include toxicants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). The process of toxicodynamics can be useful for application in environmental risk assessment by implementing toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic (TKTD) models. TKTD models include phenomenas such as time-varying exposure, carry-over toxicity, organism recovery time, effects of mixtures, and extrapolation to untested chemicals and species. Due to their advantages, these types of models may be more applicable for risk assessment than traditional modeling approaches.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report