PARASITISM BY BROWN-HEADED C
... Brewer’s Sparrows, depressed the overall success rate. Brewer’s Sparrows in Alberta experienced high parasitism and also had high abandonment rates and low cowbird fledging success compared with some other host populations (Biermann et al. 1987). Sage Sparrows also abandon parasitized nests (Rich 19 ...
... Brewer’s Sparrows, depressed the overall success rate. Brewer’s Sparrows in Alberta experienced high parasitism and also had high abandonment rates and low cowbird fledging success compared with some other host populations (Biermann et al. 1987). Sage Sparrows also abandon parasitized nests (Rich 19 ...
Chapter 15. - Invasive.Org
... human activity and dispersal by wind currents (Roque-Albelo and Causton, 1999). Damage by this sap feeding insect was first noticed in 1996, a particularly dry year. Since then, 62 native or endemic species have been recorded as host plants of I. purchasi. Sixteen of these species are listed as thre ...
... human activity and dispersal by wind currents (Roque-Albelo and Causton, 1999). Damage by this sap feeding insect was first noticed in 1996, a particularly dry year. Since then, 62 native or endemic species have been recorded as host plants of I. purchasi. Sixteen of these species are listed as thre ...
Spatiotemporal Model of Barley and Cereal Yellow Dwarf Virus
... B/CYDV is one of the most economically important diseases of grain crops worldwide and infects over 100 grass species in both agricultural and natural systems (Irwin and Thresh 1990). Because it can be a devastating crop pathogen, the vast majority of the theoretical and empirical studies of B/CYDV ...
... B/CYDV is one of the most economically important diseases of grain crops worldwide and infects over 100 grass species in both agricultural and natural systems (Irwin and Thresh 1990). Because it can be a devastating crop pathogen, the vast majority of the theoretical and empirical studies of B/CYDV ...
Selection On Gall Size And Placement
... plant. The plant produces the gall to contain the fly larva. The fly larva then feeds on the plant tissue within the gall, and eventually pupates and emerges as an adult the next season. What does the plant get out of this? After all, it makes the gall, yet the fly continues to survive and eat the p ...
... plant. The plant produces the gall to contain the fly larva. The fly larva then feeds on the plant tissue within the gall, and eventually pupates and emerges as an adult the next season. What does the plant get out of this? After all, it makes the gall, yet the fly continues to survive and eat the p ...
Epizoic Bryozoans on Predatory Pycnogonids from the South
... fairly slow-moving carnivorous grazers and thus feed on either sessile or slow-moving prey. Pycnogonids prey upon a variety of animals including sponges, cnidarians, molluscs (esp. nudibranchs), echinoderms, and polychaetes, but their main food sources are hydroids and bryozoans (King 1973; Wyer and ...
... fairly slow-moving carnivorous grazers and thus feed on either sessile or slow-moving prey. Pycnogonids prey upon a variety of animals including sponges, cnidarians, molluscs (esp. nudibranchs), echinoderms, and polychaetes, but their main food sources are hydroids and bryozoans (King 1973; Wyer and ...
Facultative mutualism between an herbivorous crab and a coralline
... consume these seaweeds, which were avoided by, and are chemically defended from, herbivorous fishes. Even though crabs readily consumed both Halimeda and Dictyota in whole-plant feeding assays, chemical extracts from these species significantly reduced crab feeding, suggesting that factors other tha ...
... consume these seaweeds, which were avoided by, and are chemically defended from, herbivorous fishes. Even though crabs readily consumed both Halimeda and Dictyota in whole-plant feeding assays, chemical extracts from these species significantly reduced crab feeding, suggesting that factors other tha ...
Aggregation in non
... follow the signal to try and find a suitable host (Alcock, 1982; Schlyter and Birgersson, 1999). The result of this decision depends on several factors, some of which may be hard to gauge for the overhearing female at the time of response. The health of the host tree, and in consequence, the streng ...
... follow the signal to try and find a suitable host (Alcock, 1982; Schlyter and Birgersson, 1999). The result of this decision depends on several factors, some of which may be hard to gauge for the overhearing female at the time of response. The health of the host tree, and in consequence, the streng ...
Reducing Dengue Fever Through Biological Control of Disease
... 2.2. Parasitoids of Mosquitoes Parasitoids are natural enemies that by means of a juvenile phase which grows at or else inside a single mosquito and finally destroy the host. Their mature stages are normally free-living and can be predators of prey. Otherwise, these can as well take food from other ...
... 2.2. Parasitoids of Mosquitoes Parasitoids are natural enemies that by means of a juvenile phase which grows at or else inside a single mosquito and finally destroy the host. Their mature stages are normally free-living and can be predators of prey. Otherwise, these can as well take food from other ...
Caddisflies: Architects Under Water
... at all. The two-domed structures form the purse cases typical of most hydroptilid genera (Fig. 7), and the narrow profile is well suited to moving through clusters of algal filaments on which these larvae feed. The other two families of the Spicipalpia, Rhyacophilidae and Hydrobiosidae, are unique a ...
... at all. The two-domed structures form the purse cases typical of most hydroptilid genera (Fig. 7), and the narrow profile is well suited to moving through clusters of algal filaments on which these larvae feed. The other two families of the Spicipalpia, Rhyacophilidae and Hydrobiosidae, are unique a ...
Life cycles - naturebob.com
... We’re most familiar with the winged adult stages of aquatic insects such as dragonflies, Mosquitoes, and mayflies. Many of these exist for only a brief time (weeks or days) before dying. In fact, mayflies, which may live only a few hours as adults, are often used as metaphors for things that are fle ...
... We’re most familiar with the winged adult stages of aquatic insects such as dragonflies, Mosquitoes, and mayflies. Many of these exist for only a brief time (weeks or days) before dying. In fact, mayflies, which may live only a few hours as adults, are often used as metaphors for things that are fle ...
20
... rarely found in non-distur ed forest areas with dense can0 ies. Plants in Trinidad are shorter and have thinner stems than those in awai'i, and few seedlings are found under mature plants (Burkhart 1983). ...
... rarely found in non-distur ed forest areas with dense can0 ies. Plants in Trinidad are shorter and have thinner stems than those in awai'i, and few seedlings are found under mature plants (Burkhart 1983). ...
Document
... Many marine animals reproduce by spawning and then release offspring into ocean waters. These young must find food, protection, and a suitable home. Most marine communities are composed of species that reproduce by producing various larval types. Therefore, an understanding of larval ecology is cent ...
... Many marine animals reproduce by spawning and then release offspring into ocean waters. These young must find food, protection, and a suitable home. Most marine communities are composed of species that reproduce by producing various larval types. Therefore, an understanding of larval ecology is cent ...
adult and larva of moths of pennsylvania
... Pennsylvania has its share of moth larvae causing considerable economic loss in the forest industry. Such species as the maple spanworm, elm spanworm, and occasionally the Walnut Caterpillar Dantana integerrima cause defoliation of commercially important tree species. Others such as the Eastern Tent ...
... Pennsylvania has its share of moth larvae causing considerable economic loss in the forest industry. Such species as the maple spanworm, elm spanworm, and occasionally the Walnut Caterpillar Dantana integerrima cause defoliation of commercially important tree species. Others such as the Eastern Tent ...
Eaten alive: cannibalism is enhanced by parasites
... [9–11]. In particular, parasites can modify the rate of predatory interactions [12,13] as well as alter the vulnerability of infected hosts to predation [9,14]. Parasitism, we propose, may therefore also be an important determinant in cannibalistic interactions with implications for population struc ...
... [9–11]. In particular, parasites can modify the rate of predatory interactions [12,13] as well as alter the vulnerability of infected hosts to predation [9,14]. Parasitism, we propose, may therefore also be an important determinant in cannibalistic interactions with implications for population struc ...
Risk of brood parasitism and predation in relation to human
... humans with animals. In this condition, an animal will face extinction unless it changes its behavior to coexist with human disturbance. Some animals benefit by staying close to humans whereas cuckoos consider human habitat as a disturbance and try to avoid it. ...
... humans with animals. In this condition, an animal will face extinction unless it changes its behavior to coexist with human disturbance. Some animals benefit by staying close to humans whereas cuckoos consider human habitat as a disturbance and try to avoid it. ...
Parasites of Hawaiian Stream Fishes: Sources and Impacts
... were examined for helminth parasites. The 14 species of helminths parasitizing native Hawaiian gobioid stream fishes include both species that are native to the archipelago and species that have been introduced in association with anthropogenic activities. Two sources of native parasites have been d ...
... were examined for helminth parasites. The 14 species of helminths parasitizing native Hawaiian gobioid stream fishes include both species that are native to the archipelago and species that have been introduced in association with anthropogenic activities. Two sources of native parasites have been d ...
Biology of a New Panamanian Bagworm Moth
... Perisceptis carnivora Davis (Lepidoptera: Psychidae), are described. The larvae of this bagworm are unusual in being obligatory predators, feeding on a broad range of living arthropods, including Arachnida, Coleoptera, Homoptera, Hymenoptera, Neuroptera, and Orthoptera. Probably because of their rel ...
... Perisceptis carnivora Davis (Lepidoptera: Psychidae), are described. The larvae of this bagworm are unusual in being obligatory predators, feeding on a broad range of living arthropods, including Arachnida, Coleoptera, Homoptera, Hymenoptera, Neuroptera, and Orthoptera. Probably because of their rel ...
Conspecific Brood Parasitism in Birds: A Life
... extensively studied in males, but have received much less attention in females (Henson & Warner 1997)—a female perspective will enrich, and broaden, our understanding of ARBs in general. Second, by its very nature, CBP offers challenges not posed by the study of interspecific brood parasitism. For ex ...
... extensively studied in males, but have received much less attention in females (Henson & Warner 1997)—a female perspective will enrich, and broaden, our understanding of ARBs in general. Second, by its very nature, CBP offers challenges not posed by the study of interspecific brood parasitism. For ex ...
BIO 160 - Sacramento State
... Predators must make decisions about how to allocate their time and energy during foraging (e.g., what and where to eat, how long to forage, etc.) that involve trade‐offs between conflicting demands. This area of research is called optimal foraging. Explain the concept of optimal foraging in term ...
... Predators must make decisions about how to allocate their time and energy during foraging (e.g., what and where to eat, how long to forage, etc.) that involve trade‐offs between conflicting demands. This area of research is called optimal foraging. Explain the concept of optimal foraging in term ...
Tobacco Hornworm, Manduca sexta (Linnaeus) - EDIS
... Pupa: Mature larvae drop to the soil at maturity and burrow to a depth of 10 to 15 cm, where they form a pupal cell. The pupa is large and elongate-oval in form, but pointed at the posterior end. It measures 45 to 60 mm in length. The pupa bears a pronounced maxillary loop, a structure which encases ...
... Pupa: Mature larvae drop to the soil at maturity and burrow to a depth of 10 to 15 cm, where they form a pupal cell. The pupa is large and elongate-oval in form, but pointed at the posterior end. It measures 45 to 60 mm in length. The pupa bears a pronounced maxillary loop, a structure which encases ...
Ostracoda and Amphibia in temporary ponds: who is the prey
... alternative food (Gunzburger and Travis 2005). Amphibian eggs and larvae could be considered an alternative trophic resource for ostracods, if other type of food is lacking. Although less amphibian eggs were consumed when alternative trophic resource was provided, in all tests that we carried out, a ...
... alternative food (Gunzburger and Travis 2005). Amphibian eggs and larvae could be considered an alternative trophic resource for ostracods, if other type of food is lacking. Although less amphibian eggs were consumed when alternative trophic resource was provided, in all tests that we carried out, a ...
Sanders, BSP, DS Kjar, and TP Egan. Beetle
... along this transect but had limited coverage in comparison to Jimbay (Table 1). During this experiment the forest along the catchment edge extended at least 25 m in depth and was predominately Jimbay. Recent bulldozing has removed this stand of Jimbay. Depth along the open catchment transect was neg ...
... along this transect but had limited coverage in comparison to Jimbay (Table 1). During this experiment the forest along the catchment edge extended at least 25 m in depth and was predominately Jimbay. Recent bulldozing has removed this stand of Jimbay. Depth along the open catchment transect was neg ...
Phytoplankton chytridiomycosis: fungal parasites of phytoplankton
... propagules includes chytrids within the so-called group of zoosporic fungi, which are particularly adapted to the plankton lifestyle where they infect a wide variety of hosts, including fishes, eggs, zooplankton, algae, and other aquatic fungi but primarily freshwater phytoplankton. Related ecologic ...
... propagules includes chytrids within the so-called group of zoosporic fungi, which are particularly adapted to the plankton lifestyle where they infect a wide variety of hosts, including fishes, eggs, zooplankton, algae, and other aquatic fungi but primarily freshwater phytoplankton. Related ecologic ...
Herron-SweetC0814 - ScholarWorks
... at the 2012 field sites, their native/non-native status, the number of sites where they were present (n = 9), and the number of weeks it co-flowered with C. stoebe .............................................39 2.2. Flower species and mean floral density per m2 surrounding each pair of Heterotheca ...
... at the 2012 field sites, their native/non-native status, the number of sites where they were present (n = 9), and the number of weeks it co-flowered with C. stoebe .............................................39 2.2. Flower species and mean floral density per m2 surrounding each pair of Heterotheca ...
Brown-headed cowbird - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
... The acceptance of a cowbird egg and rearing of a cowbird can be costly to a host species. In the American redstart, nests parasitized by cowbirds were found to have a higher rate of predation, likely due in part to the loud begging calls by the cowbird nestling, but also partly explained by the fact ...
... The acceptance of a cowbird egg and rearing of a cowbird can be costly to a host species. In the American redstart, nests parasitized by cowbirds were found to have a higher rate of predation, likely due in part to the loud begging calls by the cowbird nestling, but also partly explained by the fact ...
Parasitoid
A parasitoid is an organism that spends a significant portion of its life history attached to or within a single host organism in a relationship that is in essence parasitic; unlike a true parasite, however, it ultimately sterilises or kills, and sometimes consumes, the host. Thus parasitoids are similar to typical parasites except in the more dire prognosis for the host.