JohnsonandSutherland2003
... collar spines and do not form metacercariae in snails. Instead, cercariae of Ribeiroia encyst either in larval amphibians or freshwater fishes (Fig. 2). These second intermediate hosts, in turn, are consumed by a wide variety of avian and mammalian definitive hosts. Most host records involve birds, ...
... collar spines and do not form metacercariae in snails. Instead, cercariae of Ribeiroia encyst either in larval amphibians or freshwater fishes (Fig. 2). These second intermediate hosts, in turn, are consumed by a wide variety of avian and mammalian definitive hosts. Most host records involve birds, ...
INSECTS ON PLANTS: Diversity of Herbivore Assemblages Revisited
... (Strong et al. 1984). Thus, its effects on herbivore assemblages, whether significant or not, are difficult to compare among different studies. Few studies have examined effects of chemical differences among host species on local herbivore assemblages. In Florida, each one of six oak species support ...
... (Strong et al. 1984). Thus, its effects on herbivore assemblages, whether significant or not, are difficult to compare among different studies. Few studies have examined effects of chemical differences among host species on local herbivore assemblages. In Florida, each one of six oak species support ...
Tropical Marine Biology Productivity and the Coral Symbiosis
... – now dozens of different algal taxa – zooxanthellae found in closely related coral species not necessarily closely related themselves – zooxanthellae found in distantly related coral species may, in fact, be closely related – may have multiple species in same coral ...
... – now dozens of different algal taxa – zooxanthellae found in closely related coral species not necessarily closely related themselves – zooxanthellae found in distantly related coral species may, in fact, be closely related – may have multiple species in same coral ...
Arboreal Ants Use the ``VelcroH Principle`` to Capture Very Large Prey
... The diversification of ants closely tracked the rise of angiosperms, the appearance of which created more complex habitats compared to the gymnosperms that had previously dominated the flora. This was accompanied by an increase in the abundance and diversity of potential prey in addition to the poss ...
... The diversification of ants closely tracked the rise of angiosperms, the appearance of which created more complex habitats compared to the gymnosperms that had previously dominated the flora. This was accompanied by an increase in the abundance and diversity of potential prey in addition to the poss ...
ABSTRACTS and Pioneer Lecture Biographies
... DSP 6. Mass aggregations of Polistes versicolor (Oliver) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) along the Northern Cordillera of Venezuela. Jorge M. González, José Piñango, Esteban Blanco D., and Robert W. Matthews. University of Georgia, Department of Entomology, Athens, GA 30602. Mass aggregations of diapausing ...
... DSP 6. Mass aggregations of Polistes versicolor (Oliver) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) along the Northern Cordillera of Venezuela. Jorge M. González, José Piñango, Esteban Blanco D., and Robert W. Matthews. University of Georgia, Department of Entomology, Athens, GA 30602. Mass aggregations of diapausing ...
Virus Specificity in Disease Systems: Are Species Redundant?
... with respect to their vector relations than insect-transmitted viruses, since each of the 25 viruses in the VIDE database is transmitted by a single species of fungus; but only 12% of these viruses are host specialists (see fig. 17.4b). Mite-transmitted viruses show a similar pattern (fig. 17.4c): t ...
... with respect to their vector relations than insect-transmitted viruses, since each of the 25 viruses in the VIDE database is transmitted by a single species of fungus; but only 12% of these viruses are host specialists (see fig. 17.4b). Mite-transmitted viruses show a similar pattern (fig. 17.4c): t ...
Conditional outcomes in mutualistic interactions
... Effect of Species 2 on Species 1 ant, Formica altipetens, and membracid, Publilia modesta, in If the outcome of a given interaction is set by the balance of costs and benefits northern Arizona, USA. Membracids (treehoppers) are homof association for each partner, then the magnitude of those conseque ...
... Effect of Species 2 on Species 1 ant, Formica altipetens, and membracid, Publilia modesta, in If the outcome of a given interaction is set by the balance of costs and benefits northern Arizona, USA. Membracids (treehoppers) are homof association for each partner, then the magnitude of those conseque ...
Macroecological patterns of species richness in parasite assemblages
... host population (component community level) or a host species (parasite fauna level) should be the product of the rate at which new parasite species colonize the host or arise by intra-host speciation, and the rate at which they go extinct. There is one key difference between hosts and true islands, ...
... host population (component community level) or a host species (parasite fauna level) should be the product of the rate at which new parasite species colonize the host or arise by intra-host speciation, and the rate at which they go extinct. There is one key difference between hosts and true islands, ...
Crop domestication, global human-mediated migration, and the
... and plants have interacted for hundreds of millions of years, prior to the emergence of domesticated crops (Chen et al., 2015a). Therefore, agricultural crops are a recent ecological phenomenon for insect assemblages adapted to utilize wild ancestors. Crop domestication can have complex effects on t ...
... and plants have interacted for hundreds of millions of years, prior to the emergence of domesticated crops (Chen et al., 2015a). Therefore, agricultural crops are a recent ecological phenomenon for insect assemblages adapted to utilize wild ancestors. Crop domestication can have complex effects on t ...
Non-target effects of insect biocontrol agents and trends in host
... Loan (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Trichopoda pilipes (Fabricius) (Diptera: Tachinidae). Details of these cases are discussed below individually because impacts vary spatially, temporally, or among non-target species. (a) Compsilura concinnata. This parasitoid, released in North America in 1905, was ...
... Loan (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Trichopoda pilipes (Fabricius) (Diptera: Tachinidae). Details of these cases are discussed below individually because impacts vary spatially, temporally, or among non-target species. (a) Compsilura concinnata. This parasitoid, released in North America in 1905, was ...
The role of biotic factors in the transmission of free
... with the potential to alter larval transmission processes. We found that experimental studies generally indicate strong effects of biotic factors, and the latter emerge as potentially important, underestimated determinants in the transmission ecology of free-living endohelminth stages. This implies t ...
... with the potential to alter larval transmission processes. We found that experimental studies generally indicate strong effects of biotic factors, and the latter emerge as potentially important, underestimated determinants in the transmission ecology of free-living endohelminth stages. This implies t ...
351 - Biologylocker
... this case one organism lives in or on another organism, but it usually does not kill its host (the organism it is living on). If the parasite kills the host then it may die too, so it does not usually do this. Examples: Ticks, mosquitoes, and fleas biting/living on an organism (like us!) Tapeworms a ...
... this case one organism lives in or on another organism, but it usually does not kill its host (the organism it is living on). If the parasite kills the host then it may die too, so it does not usually do this. Examples: Ticks, mosquitoes, and fleas biting/living on an organism (like us!) Tapeworms a ...
Non-random patterns of host use by the different parasite species
... N l 298, P l 0n0001 ; C. australis : r lk0n347, N l 298, P l 0n0001). This relationship, however, results from the pooling of samples that are not homogeneous (Fig. 3). Within samples, the relationship between shell length and numbers of metacercariae tends to be positive (Meiogymnophallus sp. : hig ...
... N l 298, P l 0n0001 ; C. australis : r lk0n347, N l 298, P l 0n0001). This relationship, however, results from the pooling of samples that are not homogeneous (Fig. 3). Within samples, the relationship between shell length and numbers of metacercariae tends to be positive (Meiogymnophallus sp. : hig ...
Marine Ecology 2008, Lecture 5 july 10 final pred-parasite
... probably be considered in every ecological study (but aren’t) ...
... probably be considered in every ecological study (but aren’t) ...
- International Journal of Zoology Studies
... (tribe Coccidulini); and Azya (1) (tribe Azyini). It is not yet clear how, or whether, they divide up the scale insects between them, because reliable prey records are too incomplete. However, there is at least some level of prey specialization in these [and groups (e), (f) and (g) above] that feed ...
... (tribe Coccidulini); and Azya (1) (tribe Azyini). It is not yet clear how, or whether, they divide up the scale insects between them, because reliable prey records are too incomplete. However, there is at least some level of prey specialization in these [and groups (e), (f) and (g) above] that feed ...
Habitat Fragmentation Effects on Trophic Processes of
... Study Area and Methods We studied an area in central Argentina (31◦ 10 S to 31◦ 30 S and 64◦ 00 W to 64◦ 30 W) with an elevation of about 700 m. The area was originally covered by Chaco Serrano, which is characterized by an open tree stratum up to 15 m high, 1- to 3-m-high shrubs covering 10–80% ...
... Study Area and Methods We studied an area in central Argentina (31◦ 10 S to 31◦ 30 S and 64◦ 00 W to 64◦ 30 W) with an elevation of about 700 m. The area was originally covered by Chaco Serrano, which is characterized by an open tree stratum up to 15 m high, 1- to 3-m-high shrubs covering 10–80% ...
Shelter-building behavior and natural history of
... Each caterpillar was placed on a leaf of P. stipulaceum, and up to four larvae were simultaneously observed. The caterpillars’ activities and positions were recorded continuously, as were any displays of behavior (see results for a list and description of the behaviors characterized). Because caterp ...
... Each caterpillar was placed on a leaf of P. stipulaceum, and up to four larvae were simultaneously observed. The caterpillars’ activities and positions were recorded continuously, as were any displays of behavior (see results for a list and description of the behaviors characterized). Because caterp ...
Developing a Theory of Plant-Insect Herbivore Interactions: Are We
... JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JS ...
... JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JS ...
Parasite Manipulation of Host Behavior
... The independent evolution in unrelated parasite lineages of almost identical changes in host behavior following infection points toward adaptation. Fourth, an adaptive trait must confer fitness benefits to its bearer, and so parasites capable of manipulating the behavior of their hosts must achieve ...
... The independent evolution in unrelated parasite lineages of almost identical changes in host behavior following infection points toward adaptation. Fourth, an adaptive trait must confer fitness benefits to its bearer, and so parasites capable of manipulating the behavior of their hosts must achieve ...
Assessing the Biodiversity of Insects at Litzsinger Road Ecology
... tropical soil structuring (Gullan and Cranston 2005). In addition knowledge of insects is important for human survival. Certain insects can damage our health, domestic animals, agriculture, and horticulture (Gullan and Cranston 2005). Others greatly benefit our society. They contribute to the food w ...
... tropical soil structuring (Gullan and Cranston 2005). In addition knowledge of insects is important for human survival. Certain insects can damage our health, domestic animals, agriculture, and horticulture (Gullan and Cranston 2005). Others greatly benefit our society. They contribute to the food w ...
Hostplant genotype mediates supply and demand of animal food in
... numbers of herbivorous prey available to omnivores? Several studies have shown that plant genotypes of a given species may differentially affect herbivore performance (Zangerl & Berenbaum, 2003; Stenberg et al., 2006; Loe et al., 2007). By attracting and supporting herbivores, a particular plant gen ...
... numbers of herbivorous prey available to omnivores? Several studies have shown that plant genotypes of a given species may differentially affect herbivore performance (Zangerl & Berenbaum, 2003; Stenberg et al., 2006; Loe et al., 2007). By attracting and supporting herbivores, a particular plant gen ...
Parasites in Marine Food Webs - Western Washington University
... of exposure rates and defense. For pathogens (infectious agents that multiply within their host), the cost to the host will depend on how the host caps parasite multiplication through immune defense (Lafferty and Kuris 2002). Parasite fitness (i.e., reproductive output) is a function of consumption ...
... of exposure rates and defense. For pathogens (infectious agents that multiply within their host), the cost to the host will depend on how the host caps parasite multiplication through immune defense (Lafferty and Kuris 2002). Parasite fitness (i.e., reproductive output) is a function of consumption ...
COEVOLUTION DRIVES TEMPORAL CHANGES IN FITNESS AND
... Nuismer 2006; Wade 2007). More specifically, the impact of a particular parasite/host genotype on the fitness of any host/parasite genotype may differ among environments. Evidence for selection mosaics comes from a diverse range of interactions, including those between crossbills and pines, trematod ...
... Nuismer 2006; Wade 2007). More specifically, the impact of a particular parasite/host genotype on the fitness of any host/parasite genotype may differ among environments. Evidence for selection mosaics comes from a diverse range of interactions, including those between crossbills and pines, trematod ...
Chap. 7: Effect of habitat and predator exclusion on larval parasitism
... shown in several instances. For example the aphid, Monaphis antennata, uses the ”enemy-free space” on the upper leaf side to avoid predators (Hopkins & Dixon 1997). Likewise, caterpillars feed in shaded parts of the plant, even though larval growth is reduced, and thus avoid predatory wasps (Stamp a ...
... shown in several instances. For example the aphid, Monaphis antennata, uses the ”enemy-free space” on the upper leaf side to avoid predators (Hopkins & Dixon 1997). Likewise, caterpillars feed in shaded parts of the plant, even though larval growth is reduced, and thus avoid predatory wasps (Stamp a ...
Parasitoid
A parasitoid is an organism that spends a significant portion of its life history attached to or within a single host organism in a relationship that is in essence parasitic; unlike a true parasite, however, it ultimately sterilises or kills, and sometimes consumes, the host. Thus parasitoids are similar to typical parasites except in the more dire prognosis for the host.