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... butterfly–ant symbiosis. While most plant–ant interactions have been regarded from the plant point of view (adaptation, chemical signaling, and positive or negative balance are mostly referred to the plant), butterfly–ant associations are primarily based on the impact they produce on ants. Myrmecoph ...
... butterfly–ant symbiosis. While most plant–ant interactions have been regarded from the plant point of view (adaptation, chemical signaling, and positive or negative balance are mostly referred to the plant), butterfly–ant associations are primarily based on the impact they produce on ants. Myrmecoph ...
Aphids (038)
... Males are rare or not produced in tropical countries. Eggs are not laid. Females give birth to living young without mating. The young are adult in 4-7 days, after moulting four times. They then produce four to six young a day, up to 50 each. Because of this method of reproduction, populations grow r ...
... Males are rare or not produced in tropical countries. Eggs are not laid. Females give birth to living young without mating. The young are adult in 4-7 days, after moulting four times. They then produce four to six young a day, up to 50 each. Because of this method of reproduction, populations grow r ...
Fungal virulence, vertebrate endothermy, and dinosaur extinction: is there a connection? Commentary
... In recent years studies with amoeba, slime molds, and worms have led to the proposal that interactions between fungi and other environmental microbes, including predators, select for characteristics that are also suitable for survival in animal hosts. Given that most fungal species grow best at ambi ...
... In recent years studies with amoeba, slime molds, and worms have led to the proposal that interactions between fungi and other environmental microbes, including predators, select for characteristics that are also suitable for survival in animal hosts. Given that most fungal species grow best at ambi ...
Crazy Ant, Paratrechina longicorni (Latreille) - EDIS
... Its common name arises from its characteristic erratic and rapid movement and habit of not following trails as often as other ants. However, while the term crazy ant is officially identified with this species, there are other closely related ant species that are also called crazy ants. At least one ...
... Its common name arises from its characteristic erratic and rapid movement and habit of not following trails as often as other ants. However, while the term crazy ant is officially identified with this species, there are other closely related ant species that are also called crazy ants. At least one ...
Social Lives - Manta Trust
... population of individuals which have learned how best to maximise their planktonic food requirements from their home range, which often occurs in very patchy bursts of abundance with the regular ebb and flow of the tides. As a result, it appears these individuals have plenty of time on their hands ( ...
... population of individuals which have learned how best to maximise their planktonic food requirements from their home range, which often occurs in very patchy bursts of abundance with the regular ebb and flow of the tides. As a result, it appears these individuals have plenty of time on their hands ( ...
Entomology Course title: Entomology Full Marks: 80 Course No. Zoo
... processes; predator prey systems, evolution of insect feeding modes, insect relationships (competition, parasitism, parasitoids, predation, mutualism), soil fauna as bioindicator, aquatic fauna and river health assessment, high altitude insects, ecological role of insect outbreak, insect monitoring ...
... processes; predator prey systems, evolution of insect feeding modes, insect relationships (competition, parasitism, parasitoids, predation, mutualism), soil fauna as bioindicator, aquatic fauna and river health assessment, high altitude insects, ecological role of insect outbreak, insect monitoring ...
Grasshoppers in the Lawn and Garden - KSRE Bookstore
... Grasshopper managemen begins at their source – the hatching bed. There are several advantages of attacking this point. Because nymphs are concentrated and confined to these areas, a spray treatment will limit the size of a migrating population later in the season. Insecticides are most effective agai ...
... Grasshopper managemen begins at their source – the hatching bed. There are several advantages of attacking this point. Because nymphs are concentrated and confined to these areas, a spray treatment will limit the size of a migrating population later in the season. Insecticides are most effective agai ...
The ecology of Type="Italic">Myrmica ants
... have also occurred through misidentification of Myrmica species. Unfortunately there has been occasional confusion due to the manner in which the data showing host specificity was presented by Thomas et al. (1989, Figure 1). Some readers have taken the line (a bar of zero height) indicating Myrmica ...
... have also occurred through misidentification of Myrmica species. Unfortunately there has been occasional confusion due to the manner in which the data showing host specificity was presented by Thomas et al. (1989, Figure 1). Some readers have taken the line (a bar of zero height) indicating Myrmica ...
Odontoponera denticulata
... be harvested because of fruit fly infestation. The most economically important true fruit fly [Diptera: Tephritidae] species in Yogyakarta belong to the genus Bactrocera spp. (Santianawati et al. 1995). Insecticidal cover sprays have traditionally been used to control fruit flies not only at the pla ...
... be harvested because of fruit fly infestation. The most economically important true fruit fly [Diptera: Tephritidae] species in Yogyakarta belong to the genus Bactrocera spp. (Santianawati et al. 1995). Insecticidal cover sprays have traditionally been used to control fruit flies not only at the pla ...
Open full article - European Journal of Entomology
... (3) Ants seem to protect the leafhoppers from arthropod predation, either actively or through their mere presence on the grass spikes. While in other Auchenorrhyncha parasitoids are an important mortality factor and ant attendance is known to reduce parasitization (Dejean et al., 1996), the main ben ...
... (3) Ants seem to protect the leafhoppers from arthropod predation, either actively or through their mere presence on the grass spikes. While in other Auchenorrhyncha parasitoids are an important mortality factor and ant attendance is known to reduce parasitization (Dejean et al., 1996), the main ben ...
Fact sheet on the giant willow aphid
... The aphid has an adverse impact on the growth of the host trees and should be considered as a potential pest species in the context of willow as a production crop. Responses measured in the willow plant are both quantitative and qualitative; 1 increase in photosynthetic rate, 2 increase in leaf N, 3 ...
... The aphid has an adverse impact on the growth of the host trees and should be considered as a potential pest species in the context of willow as a production crop. Responses measured in the willow plant are both quantitative and qualitative; 1 increase in photosynthetic rate, 2 increase in leaf N, 3 ...
Lady beetles as predators of insects other than Hemiptera
... (Head et al., 1977), and the chrysomelid eucalypt defoliators Paropsis atomaria Oliver (Tanton and Kahn, 1978) and Chrysophtharta bimaculata (Oliver) (Elliott and de Little, 1980). Stuart et al. (2002) suggest coccinellids may be important predators of root weevil (Diaprepes abbreviatus [L.]) eggs a ...
... (Head et al., 1977), and the chrysomelid eucalypt defoliators Paropsis atomaria Oliver (Tanton and Kahn, 1978) and Chrysophtharta bimaculata (Oliver) (Elliott and de Little, 1980). Stuart et al. (2002) suggest coccinellids may be important predators of root weevil (Diaprepes abbreviatus [L.]) eggs a ...
the effects of amphibian presence and predation on mosquitoes
... and salamander larvae predation experiments began at the same time, but some of the salamanders ate all 30 mosquito larvae over night. Therefore, restarted the salamander predation experiment and recorded surviving larvae after 10 minutes and then every 20 minutes up to a total 150 minutes. Standing ...
... and salamander larvae predation experiments began at the same time, but some of the salamanders ate all 30 mosquito larvae over night. Therefore, restarted the salamander predation experiment and recorded surviving larvae after 10 minutes and then every 20 minutes up to a total 150 minutes. Standing ...
Chapter 5 – Detection - Plant Health Australia
... fly. This is also relevant to most other fruit flies, although differences may occur with regard to host preference and the relationship between developmental rate and temperature. Typically, fruit flies lay their eggs in semi-mature and ripe fruit. The female fruit fly has a retractable, sharp egg- ...
... fly. This is also relevant to most other fruit flies, although differences may occur with regard to host preference and the relationship between developmental rate and temperature. Typically, fruit flies lay their eggs in semi-mature and ripe fruit. The female fruit fly has a retractable, sharp egg- ...
Ready and Waiting: Delayed Hatching and Extended Incubation of
... developmental readiness. Hatching is initiDelayed hatching with extended incuba- ated by environmental cues corresponding tion involves straightforward development to the return of aquatic conditions suitable during an obligatory primary incubation pe- for larval survival and growth. The chorion rio ...
... developmental readiness. Hatching is initiDelayed hatching with extended incuba- ated by environmental cues corresponding tion involves straightforward development to the return of aquatic conditions suitable during an obligatory primary incubation pe- for larval survival and growth. The chorion rio ...
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... developmental readiness. Hatching is initiDelayed hatching with extended incuba- ated by environmental cues corresponding tion involves straightforward development to the return of aquatic conditions suitable during an obligatory primary incubation pe- for larval survival and growth. The chorion rio ...
... developmental readiness. Hatching is initiDelayed hatching with extended incuba- ated by environmental cues corresponding tion involves straightforward development to the return of aquatic conditions suitable during an obligatory primary incubation pe- for larval survival and growth. The chorion rio ...
Predation on large millipedes and self-assembling chains
... numerous workers. The involvement of additional workers on the millipede’s underside is intriguing (Fig. 2): it is unclear if they are pulling or pushing forward. Experiments are needed to determine if these workers lift the prey to reduce friction with the ground, or exert a pulling force sideways. ...
... numerous workers. The involvement of additional workers on the millipede’s underside is intriguing (Fig. 2): it is unclear if they are pulling or pushing forward. Experiments are needed to determine if these workers lift the prey to reduce friction with the ground, or exert a pulling force sideways. ...
Periodic Cooling of Bird Eggs Reduces
... turning. Small thermocouples were inserted into the centers of two zebra finch eggs in each chamber, and these eggs were placed on opposite ends of the rocking platform, closest to both the cold- and warm-air intakes, so that they would experience the extreme values of any thermal gradient that migh ...
... turning. Small thermocouples were inserted into the centers of two zebra finch eggs in each chamber, and these eggs were placed on opposite ends of the rocking platform, closest to both the cold- and warm-air intakes, so that they would experience the extreme values of any thermal gradient that migh ...
A Suite of Adaptations for Intertidal Spawning1
... in development rate and temperature tolerance (DiMichele and Powers, 1991). Various combinations of alleles for these eninundated by high tides through day 17, it zymes could produce a latitudinal gradawas estimated that 7% of the embryos re- tion. DiMichele and Westerman (1997) have mained unhatche ...
... in development rate and temperature tolerance (DiMichele and Powers, 1991). Various combinations of alleles for these eninundated by high tides through day 17, it zymes could produce a latitudinal gradawas estimated that 7% of the embryos re- tion. DiMichele and Westerman (1997) have mained unhatche ...
Ecology of the threatened thick-shelled river mussel Unio crassus
... Hyriidae and the genus Lampsilis which is regarded as advanced brooding strategy. Furthermore, it seems that many unionoid mussel species (except etherioids) can vary the amount of brood according to their level of fitness (Hochwald 2001). Thus, reduced filtration rate due to brooding activity gener ...
... Hyriidae and the genus Lampsilis which is regarded as advanced brooding strategy. Furthermore, it seems that many unionoid mussel species (except etherioids) can vary the amount of brood according to their level of fitness (Hochwald 2001). Thus, reduced filtration rate due to brooding activity gener ...
effects of western mosquitofish (gambusia affinis)
... protected by their jelly coats, as eggs protected by jelly were consumed less than eggs that have had their jelly coat removed (e.g., Werschkul and Christensen 1977). In addition Grubb (1972) found anuran species with larger eggs, including Hyla chrysoscelis, a close relative of the Grey Treefrog, e ...
... protected by their jelly coats, as eggs protected by jelly were consumed less than eggs that have had their jelly coat removed (e.g., Werschkul and Christensen 1977). In addition Grubb (1972) found anuran species with larger eggs, including Hyla chrysoscelis, a close relative of the Grey Treefrog, e ...
SR 49(3) 19-23
... the story is that if even the most advanced human species is forced to live with fungus culture, it may not be able to bear the brunt of pathogens, but these superorganisms are least susceptible to such infections. The resistance developed is unparalleled in any form of life. d. Army ants: This grou ...
... the story is that if even the most advanced human species is forced to live with fungus culture, it may not be able to bear the brunt of pathogens, but these superorganisms are least susceptible to such infections. The resistance developed is unparalleled in any form of life. d. Army ants: This grou ...
Flatworms (Schmidtea nova) prey upon embryos of the common frog
... Abstract. Amphibians vary in the degree of pre-metamorphic developmental plasticity in response to risk of predation. Changes in hatching time and development rate can increase egg or tadpole survival respectively by shortening the duration of the more vulnerable stages. The intensity of predator in ...
... Abstract. Amphibians vary in the degree of pre-metamorphic developmental plasticity in response to risk of predation. Changes in hatching time and development rate can increase egg or tadpole survival respectively by shortening the duration of the more vulnerable stages. The intensity of predator in ...
Ants and Ant
... concluded that the ants and acacias are obligate symbionts, depending entirely upon each other. The protectionist hypothesis is correct, and an impressive mutualism has coevolved between acacias and Pseudom)rmex. Though both Azteca and Pseudomyrmexare aggressive ants, many ant plant: harbor less obv ...
... concluded that the ants and acacias are obligate symbionts, depending entirely upon each other. The protectionist hypothesis is correct, and an impressive mutualism has coevolved between acacias and Pseudom)rmex. Though both Azteca and Pseudomyrmexare aggressive ants, many ant plant: harbor less obv ...
Marine Freshwater Research
... in Bowman and Abele (1982) and Lindley (1990,1992)]. Several of these families have euryhaline-marine representatives that occur in estuarine environments, which suggests that the ability to produce dormant eggs may also extend to the estuarine-endemic (i.e. true estuarine species that live and br ...
... in Bowman and Abele (1982) and Lindley (1990,1992)]. Several of these families have euryhaline-marine representatives that occur in estuarine environments, which suggests that the ability to produce dormant eggs may also extend to the estuarine-endemic (i.e. true estuarine species that live and br ...
Parasitoid
A parasitoid is an organism that spends a significant portion of its life history attached to or within a single host organism in a relationship that is in essence parasitic; unlike a true parasite, however, it ultimately sterilises or kills, and sometimes consumes, the host. Thus parasitoids are similar to typical parasites except in the more dire prognosis for the host.