![Aadland, L. P. (1993). Stream Habitat Types : Their Fish](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/002496791_1-d6e41fb9f7539a83707136d42ec75f05-300x300.png)
Inglés
... on populations and communities of plants, and is considered one of the most important ecological processes in marine and terrestrial environments [8–12]. In marine systems, herbivores can determine the spatial and temporal distribution of algae in both intertidal and subtidal habitats, as they can a ...
... on populations and communities of plants, and is considered one of the most important ecological processes in marine and terrestrial environments [8–12]. In marine systems, herbivores can determine the spatial and temporal distribution of algae in both intertidal and subtidal habitats, as they can a ...
Ecosystems and Biomes
... Most of the trees in the boreal forest are coniferous trees, trees that produce their seeds in cones and have leaves shaped like needles. Winters in the boreal forest are cold and very snowy, but summers are warm and rainy enough to melt all the snow. ...
... Most of the trees in the boreal forest are coniferous trees, trees that produce their seeds in cones and have leaves shaped like needles. Winters in the boreal forest are cold and very snowy, but summers are warm and rainy enough to melt all the snow. ...
Why is the Land Green and the Ocean Red?
... with the exception of some soil-dwelling diatoms and xanthophytes, is not present in any extant terrestrial photoautotroph. In contrast, the chlorophyll b containing plastid lineage is in three groups of eukaryotic aquatic photoautotrophs and in all terrestrial plants. Because additional accessory p ...
... with the exception of some soil-dwelling diatoms and xanthophytes, is not present in any extant terrestrial photoautotroph. In contrast, the chlorophyll b containing plastid lineage is in three groups of eukaryotic aquatic photoautotrophs and in all terrestrial plants. Because additional accessory p ...
Geographic Variation in Camouflage Specialization by a Decorator
... biotic or abiotic stresses may become commensal, and commensalisms may become antagonistic when those stresses are relaxed (e.g., Palumbi 1985; Hay 1986; Bronstein 1994; Bertness and Leonard 1997; Holzapfel and Mahall 1999; Stachowicz and Hay 1999a). Although many biologists recognize that biotic in ...
... biotic or abiotic stresses may become commensal, and commensalisms may become antagonistic when those stresses are relaxed (e.g., Palumbi 1985; Hay 1986; Bronstein 1994; Bertness and Leonard 1997; Holzapfel and Mahall 1999; Stachowicz and Hay 1999a). Although many biologists recognize that biotic in ...
(Phase I), James Bay region, Quebec
... of variations over time and between stations. ANOVAs and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to detect possible interannual differences in CPUE at the various stations. To better understand variations in relative abundance for a given species and environment, CPUE were also computed for two size groups, ...
... of variations over time and between stations. ANOVAs and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to detect possible interannual differences in CPUE at the various stations. To better understand variations in relative abundance for a given species and environment, CPUE were also computed for two size groups, ...
video slide - Biology Junction
... 2 In spring, as the sun melts the ice, the surface water warms to 4°C and sinks below the cooler layers immediately below, eliminating the thermal stratification. Spring winds mix the water to great depth, bringing oxygen (O2) to the bottom waters (see graphs) and nutrients to the surface. O2 (mg/L) ...
... 2 In spring, as the sun melts the ice, the surface water warms to 4°C and sinks below the cooler layers immediately below, eliminating the thermal stratification. Spring winds mix the water to great depth, bringing oxygen (O2) to the bottom waters (see graphs) and nutrients to the surface. O2 (mg/L) ...
2 OBJECTIVE: Prevent the introduction of ANS into CT
... pollution, established populations of aquatic invaders are self-sustaining. As a result, resources must be devoted to both prevention of new introductions and to the control of existing populations of invaders. The introduction of only a few organisms or, in the case of aquatic plants and algae, a f ...
... pollution, established populations of aquatic invaders are self-sustaining. As a result, resources must be devoted to both prevention of new introductions and to the control of existing populations of invaders. The introduction of only a few organisms or, in the case of aquatic plants and algae, a f ...
Questions for Chapter 55 – Dynamics of Ecosystems
... the case, is difficult to determine due to all of the complex factors that determine food chain length and structure. Moreover, there are many practical difficulties associated with measuring actual food chain length in natural systems. 2. Given that, in general, energy input is greatest at the bott ...
... the case, is difficult to determine due to all of the complex factors that determine food chain length and structure. Moreover, there are many practical difficulties associated with measuring actual food chain length in natural systems. 2. Given that, in general, energy input is greatest at the bott ...
Defining drivers of the trophic niche width in reef fish communities
... fonctionnelle des communautés de poissons seront discutées. Enfin, quelques perspectives seront alors présentées. ...
... fonctionnelle des communautés de poissons seront discutées. Enfin, quelques perspectives seront alors présentées. ...
chapter 4: biotic resources - San Lorenzo Valley Water District
... native shrubs. Phytophthora spores can be found in soil, water, and plant material. The pathogen prefers moist conditions with the risk of movement and spread being greatest during the rainy season. California bay trees are easily infected, and are, for some unknown reason, one of the hosts most eff ...
... native shrubs. Phytophthora spores can be found in soil, water, and plant material. The pathogen prefers moist conditions with the risk of movement and spread being greatest during the rainy season. California bay trees are easily infected, and are, for some unknown reason, one of the hosts most eff ...
Biological Synopsis
... may consist of up to tens of thousands of zooids, covering kelp blades many metres in length (Pratt 2005). Competition for substrate is often fierce and rapid occupation (several mm per day) of areas often occurs (Rowley 2004). Intense predation in its native range episodically occurs by specialized ...
... may consist of up to tens of thousands of zooids, covering kelp blades many metres in length (Pratt 2005). Competition for substrate is often fierce and rapid occupation (several mm per day) of areas often occurs (Rowley 2004). Intense predation in its native range episodically occurs by specialized ...
Lake Michigan Salmon Stocking Strategies: Collaborative Process, Current Findings, and Proposed
... Collaborative Process, Current Findings, and Proposed Stocking Policies and Options BACKGROUND Lake Michigan is a dynamic ecosystem that is changing rapidly due to the introduction of exotic species. Quagga and zebra mussels have shifted most of the productivity to the bottom of the lake leaving few ...
... Collaborative Process, Current Findings, and Proposed Stocking Policies and Options BACKGROUND Lake Michigan is a dynamic ecosystem that is changing rapidly due to the introduction of exotic species. Quagga and zebra mussels have shifted most of the productivity to the bottom of the lake leaving few ...
trophic levels and trophic tangles
... based on 1000 randomizations of the original feeding matrix. Two types of randomized models were generated: (1) all non-herbivores randomized, where the number of herbivores and their links were held constant, but links to all other animal taxa were randomized and (2) all randomized, where all anima ...
... based on 1000 randomizations of the original feeding matrix. Two types of randomized models were generated: (1) all non-herbivores randomized, where the number of herbivores and their links were held constant, but links to all other animal taxa were randomized and (2) all randomized, where all anima ...
Environmental threats to salt lakes and the likely status of inland
... about 10 g l1 uniquely distinguishes these aquatic ecosystems from all other aquatic ecosystems. This feature, however, is only one of several unique features of salt lakes. Others include: • The occurrence of some elements of the biota which are extremely ancient in an evolutionary sense (stromato ...
... about 10 g l1 uniquely distinguishes these aquatic ecosystems from all other aquatic ecosystems. This feature, however, is only one of several unique features of salt lakes. Others include: • The occurrence of some elements of the biota which are extremely ancient in an evolutionary sense (stromato ...
CSubscript>4Subscript>?Superscript>
... C4 plants are directly affected by all major global change parameters, often in a manner that is distinct from that of C3 plants. Rising CO2 generally stimulates C3 photosynthesis more than C4 , but C4 species still exhibit positive responses, particularly at elevated temperature and arid conditions ...
... C4 plants are directly affected by all major global change parameters, often in a manner that is distinct from that of C3 plants. Rising CO2 generally stimulates C3 photosynthesis more than C4 , but C4 species still exhibit positive responses, particularly at elevated temperature and arid conditions ...
2008-2009 River Murray Environmental Watering Program Report
... To try and ease the stress caused by low River flows during this drought, a number of wetlands along the River Murray received environmental water. Environmental water is water used specifically to maintain the health of river, wetland and estuarine ecosystems. When flows in the River Murray increas ...
... To try and ease the stress caused by low River flows during this drought, a number of wetlands along the River Murray received environmental water. Environmental water is water used specifically to maintain the health of river, wetland and estuarine ecosystems. When flows in the River Murray increas ...
Conceptual ecosystem models are provided for the National Park
... We examined historical, geomorphologic, hydrologic, and ecological research to develop an integrated understanding of how natural disturbances have shaped landforms and ecological processes. In addition, paleoecological studies recently initiated by the Network (2003–05) will broaden our understandi ...
... We examined historical, geomorphologic, hydrologic, and ecological research to develop an integrated understanding of how natural disturbances have shaped landforms and ecological processes. In addition, paleoecological studies recently initiated by the Network (2003–05) will broaden our understandi ...
Network ecology: topological constraints on ecosystem dynamics
... of laziness or mental weakness but comes from the complexity and diversity of living beings. Discussing the science of complexity in detail is beyond the scope of the present review: we only mention briefly that what follows tries to bridge the gap between mathematical rigor and ecological field exp ...
... of laziness or mental weakness but comes from the complexity and diversity of living beings. Discussing the science of complexity in detail is beyond the scope of the present review: we only mention briefly that what follows tries to bridge the gap between mathematical rigor and ecological field exp ...
Environmental threats to salt lakes and the likely status of
... impacts and their effects may be more important to particular sorts of salt lake but, many salt lakes are subject to several impacts at the same time. Only a few salt lakes, those located in arid regions, still remain relatively unimpacted by anthropogenic activities. To provide substance to these g ...
... impacts and their effects may be more important to particular sorts of salt lake but, many salt lakes are subject to several impacts at the same time. Only a few salt lakes, those located in arid regions, still remain relatively unimpacted by anthropogenic activities. To provide substance to these g ...
Food-web structure and ecosystem services: insights from the
... The central organizing theme of this paper is to discuss the dynamics of the Serengeti grassland ecosystem from the perspective of recent developments in food-web theory. The seasonal rainfall patterns that characterize the East African climate create an annually oscillating, large-scale, spatial mo ...
... The central organizing theme of this paper is to discuss the dynamics of the Serengeti grassland ecosystem from the perspective of recent developments in food-web theory. The seasonal rainfall patterns that characterize the East African climate create an annually oscillating, large-scale, spatial mo ...