Latitudinal species diversity gradient of marine zooplankton for the
... Robinson 2007). Although the Pliocene data set has a wider total temporal range than the other data sets, reconstructed diversity and temperature values are from individual sediment samples and thus of similar spatial and temporal resolution across all time intervals. To explore the relationships be ...
... Robinson 2007). Although the Pliocene data set has a wider total temporal range than the other data sets, reconstructed diversity and temperature values are from individual sediment samples and thus of similar spatial and temporal resolution across all time intervals. To explore the relationships be ...
Energy budget and ecological role of mangrove epibenthos in the
... 1991). By shredding and mastication of the leaves, crabs provide bacteria with large amounts of suitable substrate which can be degraded much faster than whole mangrove leaves. Leaf degradation (and thus nutrient remineralization) can be enhanced by almost 2 orders of magnitude when leaf-consuming c ...
... 1991). By shredding and mastication of the leaves, crabs provide bacteria with large amounts of suitable substrate which can be degraded much faster than whole mangrove leaves. Leaf degradation (and thus nutrient remineralization) can be enhanced by almost 2 orders of magnitude when leaf-consuming c ...
Photosynthesis and productivity in heterogeneous arctic tundra
... Arctic vegetation commonly consists of stands of one vegetation type, merging through a transition zone of mixed vegetation into stands of another vegetation type, on a scale of just metres to tens of metres (Walker, Walker & Auerbach 1994). This pronounced spatial heterogeneity is often cited as th ...
... Arctic vegetation commonly consists of stands of one vegetation type, merging through a transition zone of mixed vegetation into stands of another vegetation type, on a scale of just metres to tens of metres (Walker, Walker & Auerbach 1994). This pronounced spatial heterogeneity is often cited as th ...
Zooplankton population dynamics: measuring in situ growth and
... 120 m deep, separated by shallows of 50 m. Sørfjorden is nearly enclosed from Ullsfjorden by a 400 m wide sill with a mean depth of only 8 m. The taxonomy of zooplankton in Sørfjorden is dominated by only 2 species, Calanus finmarchicus and euphausiids. These special physical and biological settings ...
... 120 m deep, separated by shallows of 50 m. Sørfjorden is nearly enclosed from Ullsfjorden by a 400 m wide sill with a mean depth of only 8 m. The taxonomy of zooplankton in Sørfjorden is dominated by only 2 species, Calanus finmarchicus and euphausiids. These special physical and biological settings ...
UNCORRECTED PROOF Frog community responses to recent
... Liu and Li, 2009). Bullfrogs prefer larger permanent still waters such as ponds or reservoirs and breed from early spring through late summer (Bruneau and Magnin, 1980; Bury and Whelan, 1984; Shirose and Brooks, 1995; Wang and Li, 2009). Bullfrog larvae typically require several months to three year ...
... Liu and Li, 2009). Bullfrogs prefer larger permanent still waters such as ponds or reservoirs and breed from early spring through late summer (Bruneau and Magnin, 1980; Bury and Whelan, 1984; Shirose and Brooks, 1995; Wang and Li, 2009). Bullfrog larvae typically require several months to three year ...
Preston and Johnson 2012 garter snakes
... and Vredenburg, 2008). In many communities, amphibians play vital roles as predators, herbivores, and prey, and their biphasic life cycles can foster energetic links between aquatic and terrestrial habitats (Gibbons et al., 2006; Regester et al., 2006). Their diverse ecological roles suggest that am ...
... and Vredenburg, 2008). In many communities, amphibians play vital roles as predators, herbivores, and prey, and their biphasic life cycles can foster energetic links between aquatic and terrestrial habitats (Gibbons et al., 2006; Regester et al., 2006). Their diverse ecological roles suggest that am ...
Ecology (生態學
... to 4°C and sinks below the cooler layers immediately below, eliminating the thermal stratification. Spring winds mix the water to great depth, bringing oxygen (O2) to the bottom waters (see graphs) and nutrients to the surface. ...
... to 4°C and sinks below the cooler layers immediately below, eliminating the thermal stratification. Spring winds mix the water to great depth, bringing oxygen (O2) to the bottom waters (see graphs) and nutrients to the surface. ...
Habitat Fragmentation Effects on Trophic Processes of
... Despite their importance, functional effects have been drawn mostly from data on species richness and abundance, rarely measuring trophic processes directly (Didham et al. 1996; Tscharntke & Brandl 2004). Furthermore, most researchers have focused on relatively simple systems (Didham et al. 1996; Kr ...
... Despite their importance, functional effects have been drawn mostly from data on species richness and abundance, rarely measuring trophic processes directly (Didham et al. 1996; Tscharntke & Brandl 2004). Furthermore, most researchers have focused on relatively simple systems (Didham et al. 1996; Kr ...
algae, calcified
... throughout the Caribbean until and , when it suffered a mass mortality throughout the Caribbean, during which over % of the population died. As a result, fleshy algae rapidly increased in abundance, and the entire coralline community declined –% at monitored sites on the coral reefs o ...
... throughout the Caribbean until and , when it suffered a mass mortality throughout the Caribbean, during which over % of the population died. As a result, fleshy algae rapidly increased in abundance, and the entire coralline community declined –% at monitored sites on the coral reefs o ...
Appendix D: Report on the proposal for an ecological buffer zone at
... Aim of the buffer is to form a graduation between the woodland and the urban area so that effects of development are attenuated. The buffer is to prevent visual disturbance, light disturbance, control of use of the woodland and physical protection including disturbance during the construction phase ...
... Aim of the buffer is to form a graduation between the woodland and the urban area so that effects of development are attenuated. The buffer is to prevent visual disturbance, light disturbance, control of use of the woodland and physical protection including disturbance during the construction phase ...
Applied Community Ecology
... • One of the interesting components to this system is the apparent importance of acorn production as a driver in the system • Mast crops have positive effects on the densities of white-tailed deer (congregate) and white-footed mice (increase r) ...
... • One of the interesting components to this system is the apparent importance of acorn production as a driver in the system • Mast crops have positive effects on the densities of white-tailed deer (congregate) and white-footed mice (increase r) ...
Life and transport in soil inner spaces
... Earths' life support body, a thin film of life covering much of terrestrial surfaces • A natural body ‐ soil is a functioning complex natural body with unique characteristics that cannot be deduced from a collection of its constituents or individual processes ...
... Earths' life support body, a thin film of life covering much of terrestrial surfaces • A natural body ‐ soil is a functioning complex natural body with unique characteristics that cannot be deduced from a collection of its constituents or individual processes ...
FW: MN Nonindigenous Fish Response Plan
... recent years in Minnesota waters of Lake Superior. The rudd, Scardinius erythrophthalamus and the tubenose goby Proterorhinus marmoratus, both present in the Great Lakes Basin, are expected to enter Minnesota waters in the near future. Grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella have been found in Minnesota ...
... recent years in Minnesota waters of Lake Superior. The rudd, Scardinius erythrophthalamus and the tubenose goby Proterorhinus marmoratus, both present in the Great Lakes Basin, are expected to enter Minnesota waters in the near future. Grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella have been found in Minnesota ...
4. Mechanisms involved in salt-marsh rejuvenation J.P. Bakker
... elevation, and sufficient silt availability, the capacity of Spartina anglica to alter the environment is crucial to set off rapid marsh formation. This small-scale ‘ecosystem engineering’ of Spartina induces several other processes, sometimes with large-scale consequences. First, by reducing curren ...
... elevation, and sufficient silt availability, the capacity of Spartina anglica to alter the environment is crucial to set off rapid marsh formation. This small-scale ‘ecosystem engineering’ of Spartina induces several other processes, sometimes with large-scale consequences. First, by reducing curren ...
Parallel ecological networks in ecosystems Olff, Han
... theory to better understand a particular ecosystem thus implicitly assume that predation is the most important process that regulates the abundance of organisms in that ecosystem (Berlow et al. 2004). However, it has long been recognized that species interact in ecosystems with other species and wit ...
... theory to better understand a particular ecosystem thus implicitly assume that predation is the most important process that regulates the abundance of organisms in that ecosystem (Berlow et al. 2004). However, it has long been recognized that species interact in ecosystems with other species and wit ...
5. Drawbacks
... Laguna Batea, which is a temporary pond, remained with water during the summer of 2005 and 2006. It was dry in 2004. This wetland is directly associated with the amount of yearly rainfall. The overwinter tadpoles were not found in Laguna Batea although the lagoon remained with a level of water aroun ...
... Laguna Batea, which is a temporary pond, remained with water during the summer of 2005 and 2006. It was dry in 2004. This wetland is directly associated with the amount of yearly rainfall. The overwinter tadpoles were not found in Laguna Batea although the lagoon remained with a level of water aroun ...
Environmental context determines multi-trophic effects of consumer species loss
... Loss of biodiversity and nutrient enrichment are two of the main human impacts on ecosystems globally, yet we understand very little about the interactive effects of multiple stressors on natural communities and how this relates to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Advancing our understanding ...
... Loss of biodiversity and nutrient enrichment are two of the main human impacts on ecosystems globally, yet we understand very little about the interactive effects of multiple stressors on natural communities and how this relates to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Advancing our understanding ...
