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Section 2 The Sun
Section 2 The Sun

... Section 2 The Sun: Our Very Own Star Section 3 The Earth Takes Shape ...
Fall Semester Final Study Guide 2014 Chapter 1 Introduction to
Fall Semester Final Study Guide 2014 Chapter 1 Introduction to

... 36. What is Charle’s law? 37. True or False Solids can be compressed. 38. What do solids, liquids, and gases have in common? 39. What happens to gas particles when the pressure of a gas increases? 40. A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object is called____________. 41. Wh ...
Angular momentum evolution
Angular momentum evolution

... • Several thousands of rotational periods now available for solar-type and low-mass stars from ~1 Myr to a ~10 Gyr (0.2-1.2 Msun) • Kepler still expected to yield many more rotational periods for field stars • Several tens of vsini measurements available for VLM stars and brown dwarfs ...
Problem 1. Marking scheme Lagrange Point
Problem 1. Marking scheme Lagrange Point

... trajectory, i.e. an hyperbolic or parabolic orbit. ...
Electromagnetic pulse from final gravitational stellar collapse
Electromagnetic pulse from final gravitational stellar collapse

... In such cases, the MEMP is the only electromagnetic signal associated with the gravitational collapse. One of the unexpected secondary results is the finding that, in general, there exist two classes of neutron stars: the first class is made up of solitary neutron stars which do not have the opportu ...
Lecture 9
Lecture 9

... They all have large cross-sections and fast reaction rates ⇒ deuterium efficiently converts to 4 He. ...
Primas
Primas

their evolution, nucleosynthesis and dusty end
their evolution, nucleosynthesis and dusty end

... FRUITY and MONASH models vs Grains (measurements from Avila et al. 2012) ...
Diapositiva 1
Diapositiva 1

...  Description of nuclear properties with an ‘universal’ density-dependent force (Gogny) and state-of-the-art beyond-mean-field calculations.  Combination of configuration mixing (GCM) techniques with symmetry restored wave functions (particle number and angular momentum projections)  Some recent a ...
Lecture5
Lecture5

... Note: 1 year ~ 3 x 107 sec., c = 3 x 108 m/sec, L☉ = 4 x 1026 J/sec., M☉= 1.9891 x 1030 kg ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... Thermal instability: the local density and pressure drops, while the temperature increases. Our solution is based on the detailed treatment of the EOS, coupling the beta-equilibrium and the neutrino trapping effects, as well as including the information of the chemical composition in the process of ...
5.3 Convective transport
5.3 Convective transport

... These expressions are rather useless for our purposes so we need to reform them into something more useful. We want to get an expression for what happens to the gas if we add just a small amount of energy dq, and that involves both that we know something about the gas itself and how it changes its p ...
Stellar Evolution II
Stellar Evolution II

... • Fusion in the core continues through many more stages than for low mass stars • Heavier elements are produced: – carbon, – oxygen, – neon, – silicon, – and so on up to iron ...
Formation of Solar System
Formation of Solar System

... Discovery of extrasolar planets size of Jupiter close to their ...
Unit 1 - bilingual project fiñana
Unit 1 - bilingual project fiñana

... It takes the Earth one year to orbit the Sun. The Earth is not upright, it is tilted. When the North Pole end of the Earth´s axis is tilted towards the Sun, it is summer in the Northern hemisphere. The days are long and the nights are short. At this time the South Pole is tilted away from the Sun, a ...
Neutron Stars and Black Holes
Neutron Stars and Black Holes

Slide 1
Slide 1

... match the current luminosity and radius of the Sun One input to models is ratio of mass fraction of H ( = X) to mass fraction of heavy elements (= Z) Mass fraction of He ( = Y) follows from X + Y + Z = 1 Z is the sum of the mass fraction of all elements heavier than He (the “metals”) Z is dominated ...
arXiv:astro-ph/0612072v1 4 Dec 2006 Theory of core
arXiv:astro-ph/0612072v1 4 Dec 2006 Theory of core

... even more energy loss, because the electron capture rate on free protons is significantly larger than on neutron-rich nuclei due to the higher Q-values of the latter. A large fraction of the neutrinos produced by these electron captures behind the shock leave the star quickly in what is called the n ...
NGC 3370 Spiral Galaxy - University of Kentucky
NGC 3370 Spiral Galaxy - University of Kentucky

... hour or so during the supernova explosion. • When the shock wave of material collides with the molecular clouds, it sets off star formation AND also seeds the cloud with new elements. • The result is that when new stars form, they have more heavy elements than the previous generation of stars. ...
Chapter_7
Chapter_7

... • We can directly measure the Earth, Moon and some asteroids from the radioactivity of their rocks (about 4.6 billion years old). • The Sun’s age is similar based on it’s current brightness and it’s presumed rate nuclear fuel ...
The Helium Flash • When the temperature of a stellar core reaches T
The Helium Flash • When the temperature of a stellar core reaches T

... star’s total mass or core mass does not affect the star’s effective temperature, except through determining the envelope mass. • Both helium-core burning and hydrogen shell-burning contribute to the luminosity of a horizontal branch star. In stars with small envelope masses, the luminosity from helium ...
Kristen Turiano
Kristen Turiano

... an icy body that releases gas or dust. Most travel around the sun in long, oval orbits. consists of a solid nucleus (the core) cloudy atmosphere called the coma one or two tails. most are too small or too faint to be seen without a telescope. Some can be seen for several weeks as they pass close to ...
gravPart2
gravPart2

... Gravitational Dynamics: Part II ...
L8 Condensation
L8 Condensation

... In order to compute which elements condense where, we assume that changes in temperature and density occur on a relatively long timescale compared to the chemical reaction timescale. This is a reasonable assumption at least for the inner part of the disk where temperatures and gas densities are high ...
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Standard solar model

The standard solar model (SSM) is a mathematical treatment of the Sun as a spherical ball of gas (in varying states of ionisation, with the hydrogen in the deep interior being a completely ionised plasma). This model, technically the spherically symmetric quasi-static model of a star, has stellar structure described by several differential equations derived from basic physical principles. The model is constrained by boundary conditions, namely the luminosity, radius, age and composition of the Sun, which are well determined. The age of the Sun cannot be measured directly; one way to estimate it is from the age of the oldest meteorites, and models of the evolution of the Solar System. The composition in the photosphere of the modern-day Sun, by mass, is 74.9% hydrogen and 23.8% helium. All heavier elements, called metals in astronomy, account for less than 2 percent of the mass. The SSM is used to test the validity of stellar evolution theory. In fact, the only way to determine the two free parameters of the stellar evolution model, the helium abundance and the mixing length parameter (used to model convection in the Sun), are to adjust the SSM to ""fit"" the observed Sun.
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