Naturally-Emerging Infectious Disease Threats: Agents, Impacts
... Mission: The I&A Health Team produces all-source threat and risk analysis on human health, agriculture, and food security for DHS components, Federal, State, and local government agencies, and the private sector. We assess Homeland implications of foreign health issues—to include foreign policy and ...
... Mission: The I&A Health Team produces all-source threat and risk analysis on human health, agriculture, and food security for DHS components, Federal, State, and local government agencies, and the private sector. We assess Homeland implications of foreign health issues—to include foreign policy and ...
Student Resources
... and those that are acellular (viruses, viroids, and prions). The cellular microorganisms can be divided into those that are procaryotic and those that are eucaryotic. Acellular microbes are sometimes referred to as infectious particles. Complete virus particles are called virions. They are so small ...
... and those that are acellular (viruses, viroids, and prions). The cellular microorganisms can be divided into those that are procaryotic and those that are eucaryotic. Acellular microbes are sometimes referred to as infectious particles. Complete virus particles are called virions. They are so small ...
What difference does it make if viruses are strain
... the few virus—many resistant hosts situation is observed when trying to construct simple host-virus systems in the laboratory, while natural systems are characterized by high viral numbers and many susceptible hosts. In the arms race model above, this apparent paradox is explained simply as the diff ...
... the few virus—many resistant hosts situation is observed when trying to construct simple host-virus systems in the laboratory, while natural systems are characterized by high viral numbers and many susceptible hosts. In the arms race model above, this apparent paradox is explained simply as the diff ...
Exam Test 1. Who was father of microbiology? A. Robert Koch B
... A. Rh-positive mother carries an Rh-negative fetus B. 0 mother carries an AB fetus C. *Rh-negative mother carries an Rh-positive fetus D. B mother carries an Rh-positive fetus 77. Choose among the listed reservoirs for human infections A. food B. water C. sick animals, D. * sick humans, cariers 78. ...
... A. Rh-positive mother carries an Rh-negative fetus B. 0 mother carries an AB fetus C. *Rh-negative mother carries an Rh-positive fetus D. B mother carries an Rh-positive fetus 77. Choose among the listed reservoirs for human infections A. food B. water C. sick animals, D. * sick humans, cariers 78. ...
A Flexible Spatial Framework for Modeling Spread of Pathogens in
... security, and public health. Most new infectious diseases important to public health have emerged from animal reservoirs and are considered zoonotic [1]. Other animal epidemics such as the 2001 outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in the UK resulted in the culling of approximately four million a ...
... security, and public health. Most new infectious diseases important to public health have emerged from animal reservoirs and are considered zoonotic [1]. Other animal epidemics such as the 2001 outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in the UK resulted in the culling of approximately four million a ...
What is hepatitis A virus (HAV)? Transmission • Anal/oral contact, by
... • The incubation period averages 30 days; however, an infected individual can transmit the virus to others as early as two weeks before symptoms appear. • Symptoms will disappear over a 3 to 6-month period until complete recovery occurs. Treatment There is no specific treatment for hepatitis A. Howe ...
... • The incubation period averages 30 days; however, an infected individual can transmit the virus to others as early as two weeks before symptoms appear. • Symptoms will disappear over a 3 to 6-month period until complete recovery occurs. Treatment There is no specific treatment for hepatitis A. Howe ...
P and M gene junction is the optimal insertion site in Newcastle
... embryonated eggs and day-old chickens, with a longer MDT (.120 h) and a lower ICPI (0.0) than the parental VG/GA strain. The titres of the rescued viruses grown in embryonated eggs or in DF-1 cells, measured by EID50, TCID50 and HA, were one or two logs lower but were comparable to that of the paren ...
... embryonated eggs and day-old chickens, with a longer MDT (.120 h) and a lower ICPI (0.0) than the parental VG/GA strain. The titres of the rescued viruses grown in embryonated eggs or in DF-1 cells, measured by EID50, TCID50 and HA, were one or two logs lower but were comparable to that of the paren ...
GAO PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS
... administration of these supplies during a pandemic; and priorities for vaccinating population groups, such as health workers and public health personnel involved in the pandemic response, and persons traditionally considered to be at increased risk of severe influenza illness and mortality. ...
... administration of these supplies during a pandemic; and priorities for vaccinating population groups, such as health workers and public health personnel involved in the pandemic response, and persons traditionally considered to be at increased risk of severe influenza illness and mortality. ...
STUDIES ON BOVINE HERPESVIRUSES. PART 1. ISOLATION AND CHARACTERI-
... Herpesviruses have been isolated from man, domesticated mammals, birds, reptiles and fish (Fenner, 1976). Pathological changes have resulted in some species. The diseases caused by herpesviruses can result in economic losses. Examples are Aujeszky's disease in pigs; equine rhinopneumonitis in horses ...
... Herpesviruses have been isolated from man, domesticated mammals, birds, reptiles and fish (Fenner, 1976). Pathological changes have resulted in some species. The diseases caused by herpesviruses can result in economic losses. Examples are Aujeszky's disease in pigs; equine rhinopneumonitis in horses ...
An Emerging Infectious Disease
... The WNV started in the United States in 1999 and since then has spread across the U.S. and southern Canada. In 2010, the first cases of the virus in humans were reported in Greece. The WNV has also been reported in the Caribbean and Central and South America. The virus is now considered an endemic f ...
... The WNV started in the United States in 1999 and since then has spread across the U.S. and southern Canada. In 2010, the first cases of the virus in humans were reported in Greece. The WNV has also been reported in the Caribbean and Central and South America. The virus is now considered an endemic f ...
Issue no. 70 - October
... Ecology Programme that has fitted with transmitters, more than 500 birds to date. The results from this analysis confirms that individual migratory wildfowl have the potential to disperse H5N1 HPAI over large distances, thus being able to perform movements of up to 2,900 kilometres within timeframes ...
... Ecology Programme that has fitted with transmitters, more than 500 birds to date. The results from this analysis confirms that individual migratory wildfowl have the potential to disperse H5N1 HPAI over large distances, thus being able to perform movements of up to 2,900 kilometres within timeframes ...
chapter 7 - World Health Organization
... flu, it is believed to have killed 20–40 million people, most of them young adults. A second pandemic in 1957, known as the Asian flu, killed more than two million people and a third in 1968, known as the Hong Kong flu, killed about one million. In 1997, 18 people in China, Hong Kong Special Adminis ...
... flu, it is believed to have killed 20–40 million people, most of them young adults. A second pandemic in 1957, known as the Asian flu, killed more than two million people and a third in 1968, known as the Hong Kong flu, killed about one million. In 1997, 18 people in China, Hong Kong Special Adminis ...
cowpox - Journal of Medical Microbiology
... antibody [21]. These differences may reflect the different assays used, or variation in the host ranges of virus strains. Experimentally, foxes are susceptible to skin inoculation only with very high doses of a British strain of cowpox virus [22], but little work has been done to compare the host ra ...
... antibody [21]. These differences may reflect the different assays used, or variation in the host ranges of virus strains. Experimentally, foxes are susceptible to skin inoculation only with very high doses of a British strain of cowpox virus [22], but little work has been done to compare the host ra ...
DNA Vaccination of American Robins (Turdus migratorius) Against
... terms of reducing robins’ WNV viremia and thus infectiousness to biting Cx. pipiens. Two vaccinated birds never had detectable virus (but were ELISA and PRNT90 positive for WNV antibodies at 14 days postinfection), and the third vaccinated bird’s peak WNV viremia (103.3 PFU=mL) was 20-fold below the ...
... terms of reducing robins’ WNV viremia and thus infectiousness to biting Cx. pipiens. Two vaccinated birds never had detectable virus (but were ELISA and PRNT90 positive for WNV antibodies at 14 days postinfection), and the third vaccinated bird’s peak WNV viremia (103.3 PFU=mL) was 20-fold below the ...
VACCINIA VIRUS and VACCINIA VIRAL VECTORS
... Multiple strains of vaccinia virus exist with varying levels of virulence for humans and animals. Depending on the strain used, vaccinia virus presents different levels of health risk to laboratory personnel. Strains that are highly attenuated are typically unable to replicate or replicate poorly in ...
... Multiple strains of vaccinia virus exist with varying levels of virulence for humans and animals. Depending on the strain used, vaccinia virus presents different levels of health risk to laboratory personnel. Strains that are highly attenuated are typically unable to replicate or replicate poorly in ...
View/Open
... do we understand the evolution of FMD viruses? We do have systems in place that attempt, at least, to map the global movement of the seven serotypes and related subtypes, but our understanding of what drives these movements, and what creates change in the virus and the associated disease manifestati ...
... do we understand the evolution of FMD viruses? We do have systems in place that attempt, at least, to map the global movement of the seven serotypes and related subtypes, but our understanding of what drives these movements, and what creates change in the virus and the associated disease manifestati ...
Novel antibody binding determinants on the capsid surface of
... the two (pT7S3/O1K-wt26n and pT7S3/O1K-wt26a) containing 26 amino acid substitutions in the capsid. FMDVspecific cytopathic effects (CPE) were observed 24–36 h post-electroporation. Extensive CPE were observed at both the first and second passages. At least two independent clones of each virus were ...
... the two (pT7S3/O1K-wt26n and pT7S3/O1K-wt26a) containing 26 amino acid substitutions in the capsid. FMDVspecific cytopathic effects (CPE) were observed 24–36 h post-electroporation. Extensive CPE were observed at both the first and second passages. At least two independent clones of each virus were ...
Cleaning and Disinfection Protocol
... This document has been developed in accordance with current applicable infection control and regulatory guidelines. It is intended for use as a guideline only. At no time should this document replace existing documents established by the facility unless written permission has been obtained from ...
... This document has been developed in accordance with current applicable infection control and regulatory guidelines. It is intended for use as a guideline only. At no time should this document replace existing documents established by the facility unless written permission has been obtained from ...
Chapter 13 - Microorganisms - Prokaryotes and Viruses
... Domain Bacteria Bacteria are the most diverse and abundant group of organisms on Earth. They live in almost all environments. They are found in the ocean, the soil, and the intestines of animals. They are even found in rocks deep below Earth’s surface. Any surface that has not been sterilized is li ...
... Domain Bacteria Bacteria are the most diverse and abundant group of organisms on Earth. They live in almost all environments. They are found in the ocean, the soil, and the intestines of animals. They are even found in rocks deep below Earth’s surface. Any surface that has not been sterilized is li ...
Welcome to the Second Annual Infectious
... Welcome to the Second Annual Infectious Disease Ontology Workshop Generously supported by ...
... Welcome to the Second Annual Infectious Disease Ontology Workshop Generously supported by ...
Fact sheet West Nile virus (Eng)
... horses do not seem to spread the virus to other mammals. Direct person-to-person transmission has not been reported. The virus can be transmitted from person to person through blood transfusion or organ transplantation. Culex mosquitoes appear to be the most important maintenance vectors for WNV, bu ...
... horses do not seem to spread the virus to other mammals. Direct person-to-person transmission has not been reported. The virus can be transmitted from person to person through blood transfusion or organ transplantation. Culex mosquitoes appear to be the most important maintenance vectors for WNV, bu ...
Influenza Vaccines – Quality Module - EMA
... vaccine production. Efforts should be made to gain enhanced process and product knowledge based on historical production experience and state-of the-art process and product characterisation studies. This may allow better prediction of the potential impact of process changes on product quality. Exper ...
... vaccine production. Efforts should be made to gain enhanced process and product knowledge based on historical production experience and state-of the-art process and product characterisation studies. This may allow better prediction of the potential impact of process changes on product quality. Exper ...
SARS coronavirus (SARS CoV)
... Lower respiratory tract infections are the leading cause of hospitalization for young children worldwide. Community-acquired pneumonia is a common cause of morbidity and mortality among children in developing countries. Incidence of CAP in developing countries estimated around150.7million cases/year ...
... Lower respiratory tract infections are the leading cause of hospitalization for young children worldwide. Community-acquired pneumonia is a common cause of morbidity and mortality among children in developing countries. Incidence of CAP in developing countries estimated around150.7million cases/year ...
ADVANCED OXIDATION TEST RESULTS 2000-2016
... Avian influenza is an infection caused by avian (bird) influenza (flu) viruses. These influenza viruses occur naturally among birds. Of the few avian influenza viruses that have crossed the species barrier to infect humans, H5N1 has had the largest number of detected cases of severe disease and deat ...
... Avian influenza is an infection caused by avian (bird) influenza (flu) viruses. These influenza viruses occur naturally among birds. Of the few avian influenza viruses that have crossed the species barrier to infect humans, H5N1 has had the largest number of detected cases of severe disease and deat ...
Influenza A virus
Influenza A virus causes influenza in birds and some mammals, and is the only species of influenza virus A. Influenza virus A is a genus of the Orthomyxoviridae family of viruses. Strains of all subtypes of influenza A virus have been isolated from wild birds, although disease is uncommon. Some isolates of influenza A virus cause severe disease both in domestic poultry and, rarely, in humans. Occasionally, viruses are transmitted from wild aquatic birds to domestic poultry, and this may cause an outbreak or give rise to human influenza pandemics.Influenza A viruses are negative-sense, single-stranded, segmented RNA viruses.The several subtypes are labeled according to an H number (for the type of hemagglutinin) and an N number (for the type of neuraminidase). There are 18 different known H antigens (H1 to H18) and 11 different known N antigens (N1 to N11). H17 was isolated from fruit bats in 2012. H18N11 was discovered in a Peruvian bat in 2013.Each virus subtype has mutated into a variety of strains with differing pathogenic profiles; some are pathogenic to one species but not others, some are pathogenic to multiple species.A filtered and purified influenza A vaccine for humans has been developed, and many countries have stockpiled it to allow a quick administration to the population in the event of an avian influenza pandemic. Avian influenza is sometimes called avian flu, and colloquially, bird flu. In 2011, researchers reported the discovery of an antibody effective against all types of the influenza A virus.