Measles
... a history of previous rubella – 14-18% among those immunized with the RA 27/3 vaccine. ...
... a history of previous rubella – 14-18% among those immunized with the RA 27/3 vaccine. ...
FAO Collaborative Studies for FMD Standardisation: Phase XIX - Virological Assays
... overall and included primary bovine thyroid and kidney cells, primary and secondary lamb kidney cells, foetal goat tongue and BHK cells and other cells of porcine origin, including primary and secondary kidney cells, PK-15 and SK-6 cells plus those of the IB-RS-2 cell line. Additionally, there were ...
... overall and included primary bovine thyroid and kidney cells, primary and secondary lamb kidney cells, foetal goat tongue and BHK cells and other cells of porcine origin, including primary and secondary kidney cells, PK-15 and SK-6 cells plus those of the IB-RS-2 cell line. Additionally, there were ...
Real-time RT-PCR for the detection and quantitative
... 2005) along with another serologically distinct prototype ERBV2 (Huang et al. 2001). ERAV, ERBV1 and ERBV2 are acid labile viruses. A group of ERBV1-related acid stable viruses were recently re-classified as ERBV3 viruses based on sequence analysis of their viral capsid proteins (Black et al. 2005; ...
... 2005) along with another serologically distinct prototype ERBV2 (Huang et al. 2001). ERAV, ERBV1 and ERBV2 are acid labile viruses. A group of ERBV1-related acid stable viruses were recently re-classified as ERBV3 viruses based on sequence analysis of their viral capsid proteins (Black et al. 2005; ...
Stay Fit This Winter Flu is a common infectious viral illness spread
... Flu is a common infectious viral illness spread by coughs and sneezes. It can be very unpleasant, but you'll usually begin to feel better within about a week. You can catch flu – short for influenza – all year round, but it's especially common in winter, which is why it's also known as "seasonal flu ...
... Flu is a common infectious viral illness spread by coughs and sneezes. It can be very unpleasant, but you'll usually begin to feel better within about a week. You can catch flu – short for influenza – all year round, but it's especially common in winter, which is why it's also known as "seasonal flu ...
Flu is a common infectious viral illness spread by coughs and
... Flu is a common infectious viral illness spread by coughs and sneezes. It can be very unpleasant, but you'll usually begin to feel better within about a week. You can catch flu – short for influenza – all year round, but it's especially common in winter, which is why it's also known as "seasonal flu ...
... Flu is a common infectious viral illness spread by coughs and sneezes. It can be very unpleasant, but you'll usually begin to feel better within about a week. You can catch flu – short for influenza – all year round, but it's especially common in winter, which is why it's also known as "seasonal flu ...
Viral load tests measure what`s known as HIV RNA. HIV RNA is a
... Recent studies of triple combinations of anti-HIV drugs have shown that it is possible to reduce the levels of HIV in the blood to levels too low for the PCR and bDNA tests to measure. The current viral load tests cannot find less than 50 copies of HIV RNA in a blood sample. This kind of reduction ...
... Recent studies of triple combinations of anti-HIV drugs have shown that it is possible to reduce the levels of HIV in the blood to levels too low for the PCR and bDNA tests to measure. The current viral load tests cannot find less than 50 copies of HIV RNA in a blood sample. This kind of reduction ...
1743-422X-10-170
... nominal [5,7-10]. Clinical manifestation or severity of the ND depends largely upon the isolates involved in disease outbreak [1,2]. Based upon pathogenicity, these strains are commonly categorized into velogenic, mesogenic and lentogenic types [4]. The varying level of pathogenicity is attributed t ...
... nominal [5,7-10]. Clinical manifestation or severity of the ND depends largely upon the isolates involved in disease outbreak [1,2]. Based upon pathogenicity, these strains are commonly categorized into velogenic, mesogenic and lentogenic types [4]. The varying level of pathogenicity is attributed t ...
Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria and are
... Phages may be released via cell lysis, by extrusion, or, in a few cases, by budding. Lysis, by tailed phages, is achieved by anenzyme called endolysin, which attacks and breaks down ...
... Phages may be released via cell lysis, by extrusion, or, in a few cases, by budding. Lysis, by tailed phages, is achieved by anenzyme called endolysin, which attacks and breaks down ...
Hijacked: The role of platelets in dengue virus infection revealed
... the cell’s machinery to produce viral proteins and replicate its own genome. How this links to thrombocytopenia normally seen with dengue virus is still unclear. The possibility that viral antigens are exposed directly on platelets is now being considered for the first time. Dengue virus replicating ...
... the cell’s machinery to produce viral proteins and replicate its own genome. How this links to thrombocytopenia normally seen with dengue virus is still unclear. The possibility that viral antigens are exposed directly on platelets is now being considered for the first time. Dengue virus replicating ...
Patrick Moore and Yuan Chang happened upon a
... Perhaps in spite of this first impression, Chang soon got to know Moore in her histology class, where he was a teaching assistant. He was a set of walking contradictions and idiosyncrasies, she learned: a high school dropout who read The New England Journal of Medicine and frequently reminded her th ...
... Perhaps in spite of this first impression, Chang soon got to know Moore in her histology class, where he was a teaching assistant. He was a set of walking contradictions and idiosyncrasies, she learned: a high school dropout who read The New England Journal of Medicine and frequently reminded her th ...
pathology_of_viral_diseases._course_no._401._by_dr
... Virus is eliminated by host immune response. * Chronic or persist infection: Virus is not eliminated and can be isolated for long time. * Latent infection: Virus is apparently eliminated and reappears under stress factors as herpes. ...
... Virus is eliminated by host immune response. * Chronic or persist infection: Virus is not eliminated and can be isolated for long time. * Latent infection: Virus is apparently eliminated and reappears under stress factors as herpes. ...
47. Modelling early viral dynamics of FMDV in vivo
... min) after intravenous inoculation (unpublished data). The loss of virus from the central compartment may have been due to the accumulation of the virus in the interstitial space, clearance of FMDV by the immune system and/or loss of FMDV to epithelial cells. Of the possibilities, the accumulation o ...
... min) after intravenous inoculation (unpublished data). The loss of virus from the central compartment may have been due to the accumulation of the virus in the interstitial space, clearance of FMDV by the immune system and/or loss of FMDV to epithelial cells. Of the possibilities, the accumulation o ...
Survivability of Fish Pathogenic Viruses in Environmental Water, and
... Survival of three salmonid viruses and two marine fish viruses in fish rearing water or coastal sea water were observed at 0, 5, 10 and 15 ℃ for 7 or 14 days. Interaction between viruses and microorganisms present in the rearing water was observed. Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) and fis ...
... Survival of three salmonid viruses and two marine fish viruses in fish rearing water or coastal sea water were observed at 0, 5, 10 and 15 ℃ for 7 or 14 days. Interaction between viruses and microorganisms present in the rearing water was observed. Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) and fis ...
View Full PDF - Biochemical Society Transactions
... the varying specificity of paramyxoviruses for different receptors, the attachment glycoprotein falls into one of three classes: HN (haemagglutinin-neuraminidase), H (haemagglutinin) or G (attachment glycoprotein). HN glycoproteins [e.g. from NDV (Newcastle disease virus)] have the ability to haemag ...
... the varying specificity of paramyxoviruses for different receptors, the attachment glycoprotein falls into one of three classes: HN (haemagglutinin-neuraminidase), H (haemagglutinin) or G (attachment glycoprotein). HN glycoproteins [e.g. from NDV (Newcastle disease virus)] have the ability to haemag ...
Nororvirus Fact Sheet
... • Airborne transmission has been suggested to explain its rapid spread in settings like schools and day cares Those infected with Norovirus can spread it once they feel ill and for up to two days after the symptoms (usually diarrhea) stop but people can carry the virus for up to two weeks longer. Wh ...
... • Airborne transmission has been suggested to explain its rapid spread in settings like schools and day cares Those infected with Norovirus can spread it once they feel ill and for up to two days after the symptoms (usually diarrhea) stop but people can carry the virus for up to two weeks longer. Wh ...
Regional Response to Global Health Issues: The involvement of
... Respiratory tract infections (influenza, tuberculosis,..), sexually-transmitted infections (HIV, hepatitis B and C,…) , emerging and vector-borne diseases (malaria, plague, chikungunya,..) and vaccine-preventable diseases (measles, rubella,..) still pose a great challenge to the region. ...
... Respiratory tract infections (influenza, tuberculosis,..), sexually-transmitted infections (HIV, hepatitis B and C,…) , emerging and vector-borne diseases (malaria, plague, chikungunya,..) and vaccine-preventable diseases (measles, rubella,..) still pose a great challenge to the region. ...
A survey on presence of new strains of infectious bronchitis virus in
... hypervariable regions of the S1 subunit of the envelope spike (S) glycoprotein gene. The S1 protein is responsible for infection of the host cell (Cavanagh & Davis, 1986; Koch et al., 1990) inducing virus neutralizing antibody (Cavanagh et al., 1988) and immunity (Cavanagh et al., 1997). New variant ...
... hypervariable regions of the S1 subunit of the envelope spike (S) glycoprotein gene. The S1 protein is responsible for infection of the host cell (Cavanagh & Davis, 1986; Koch et al., 1990) inducing virus neutralizing antibody (Cavanagh et al., 1988) and immunity (Cavanagh et al., 1997). New variant ...
Biohazard Recognition and Control.lnk
... Procedures that produce aerosols have higher risk Procedures using needles or other sharps have higher risk Handling blood, serum or tissue samples may have lower risk Purified cultures or cell concentrates may have higher risk Larger volumes (10 L) have higher risk ...
... Procedures that produce aerosols have higher risk Procedures using needles or other sharps have higher risk Handling blood, serum or tissue samples may have lower risk Purified cultures or cell concentrates may have higher risk Larger volumes (10 L) have higher risk ...
Determination of the 50% Human Infectious Dose for Norwalk Virus
... be nonsusceptible on the basis of being secretor negative. Twenty-one persons were infected (all blood group O or A), and 67% of those infected developed viral gastroenteritis. The 50% human infectious dose was calculated to be 3.3 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction units (approximately ...
... be nonsusceptible on the basis of being secretor negative. Twenty-one persons were infected (all blood group O or A), and 67% of those infected developed viral gastroenteritis. The 50% human infectious dose was calculated to be 3.3 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction units (approximately ...
A census of α-helical membrane proteins in
... proteins among viruses compared to that among prokaryotes becomes more apparent when the fraction of TM proteins is plotted against the genome size (Fig. 2b). In agreement with previous observations, the fractions of TM proteins in bacteria and archaea do not depend on the genome size and vary withi ...
... proteins among viruses compared to that among prokaryotes becomes more apparent when the fraction of TM proteins is plotted against the genome size (Fig. 2b). In agreement with previous observations, the fractions of TM proteins in bacteria and archaea do not depend on the genome size and vary withi ...
Mosquito distribution and Japanese encephalitis virus infection in
... Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand showed that the incidence of JEV infection in human were about 0.1 case per 100,000 people in 2008–2009. These human cases have been reported from the central, northern, northeastern, and southern Thailand. Swine produc ...
... Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand showed that the incidence of JEV infection in human were about 0.1 case per 100,000 people in 2008–2009. These human cases have been reported from the central, northern, northeastern, and southern Thailand. Swine produc ...
Emergence of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD): Key Facts
... region. This is zoonotic and identified as human diseases or previously called Ebola hemorrhagic fever which is a highly fatal human illness where case fatality rate is found up to 90%. The virus transmission begins from wild animals to human and then spreads within population through human to human ...
... region. This is zoonotic and identified as human diseases or previously called Ebola hemorrhagic fever which is a highly fatal human illness where case fatality rate is found up to 90%. The virus transmission begins from wild animals to human and then spreads within population through human to human ...
Linköping University Post Print An unbiased metagenomic search for infectious
... CFS and their well monozygotic twin) [12]. We are aware of one previous study that assessed 22 pairs of monozygotic twins discordant for CFS for indices of past and current viral infection (BK virus; cytomegalovirus; Epstein-Barr virus; hepatitis C virus; herpes simplex virus 1 and 2; human herpes v ...
... CFS and their well monozygotic twin) [12]. We are aware of one previous study that assessed 22 pairs of monozygotic twins discordant for CFS for indices of past and current viral infection (BK virus; cytomegalovirus; Epstein-Barr virus; hepatitis C virus; herpes simplex virus 1 and 2; human herpes v ...
The length of BTV-8 viraemia in cattle according to infection doses
... classic virus isolation and the serum neutralisation assay, respectively. Except for one animal of the group A which resulted negative to both the real time RT-PCR and the virus isolation for the entire experimental period, all infected animals had viraemic titres after infection. Conversely, no vir ...
... classic virus isolation and the serum neutralisation assay, respectively. Except for one animal of the group A which resulted negative to both the real time RT-PCR and the virus isolation for the entire experimental period, all infected animals had viraemic titres after infection. Conversely, no vir ...
Influenza A virus
Influenza A virus causes influenza in birds and some mammals, and is the only species of influenza virus A. Influenza virus A is a genus of the Orthomyxoviridae family of viruses. Strains of all subtypes of influenza A virus have been isolated from wild birds, although disease is uncommon. Some isolates of influenza A virus cause severe disease both in domestic poultry and, rarely, in humans. Occasionally, viruses are transmitted from wild aquatic birds to domestic poultry, and this may cause an outbreak or give rise to human influenza pandemics.Influenza A viruses are negative-sense, single-stranded, segmented RNA viruses.The several subtypes are labeled according to an H number (for the type of hemagglutinin) and an N number (for the type of neuraminidase). There are 18 different known H antigens (H1 to H18) and 11 different known N antigens (N1 to N11). H17 was isolated from fruit bats in 2012. H18N11 was discovered in a Peruvian bat in 2013.Each virus subtype has mutated into a variety of strains with differing pathogenic profiles; some are pathogenic to one species but not others, some are pathogenic to multiple species.A filtered and purified influenza A vaccine for humans has been developed, and many countries have stockpiled it to allow a quick administration to the population in the event of an avian influenza pandemic. Avian influenza is sometimes called avian flu, and colloquially, bird flu. In 2011, researchers reported the discovery of an antibody effective against all types of the influenza A virus.