Avian Paramyxoviruses and Australian Wild Birds Nov 2016
... dozens of avian orders have been found to be susceptible (USGS 1999). Susceptibility and severity of disease varies between host species. Wild birds and waterfowl may harbour subclinical APMV infections and are the least likely to be clinically affected. Raptors are usually resistant to APMV. Passer ...
... dozens of avian orders have been found to be susceptible (USGS 1999). Susceptibility and severity of disease varies between host species. Wild birds and waterfowl may harbour subclinical APMV infections and are the least likely to be clinically affected. Raptors are usually resistant to APMV. Passer ...
SARS virus
... single-stranded plus sense RNA genome approximately 30 kb in length that has a 5’ cap structure and 3’ polyA tract. Upon infection of a host cell, the 5’ most open reading frame (ORF) of the viral genome is translated into a large polyprotein that is cleaved by viral-encoded proteases to release sev ...
... single-stranded plus sense RNA genome approximately 30 kb in length that has a 5’ cap structure and 3’ polyA tract. Upon infection of a host cell, the 5’ most open reading frame (ORF) of the viral genome is translated into a large polyprotein that is cleaved by viral-encoded proteases to release sev ...
Liver infections
... also look at platelet clotting time if increased, then you have problem in liver. ACUTE VIRAL HEPATITIS PANEL (Lecture notes) There are four serological assays that can be measured which give an idea of what type of virus is causing the infection: 1) anti-HAV IgM/IgG, 2) HBsAg, 3) anti-HBc IgM, 4) ...
... also look at platelet clotting time if increased, then you have problem in liver. ACUTE VIRAL HEPATITIS PANEL (Lecture notes) There are four serological assays that can be measured which give an idea of what type of virus is causing the infection: 1) anti-HAV IgM/IgG, 2) HBsAg, 3) anti-HBc IgM, 4) ...
Active Photocatalytic catalytic catalytic Oxidation Technology
... determined that the strain contained genes from four different flu viruses – North American swine influenza, North American avian influenza, human influenza and swine influenza viruses typically found in Asia and Europe. The virus spreads from person to person by droplets from coughing and sneezing ...
... determined that the strain contained genes from four different flu viruses – North American swine influenza, North American avian influenza, human influenza and swine influenza viruses typically found in Asia and Europe. The virus spreads from person to person by droplets from coughing and sneezing ...
Restriction Endonuclease Analysis of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 DNA
... and other BHV-1 virus isolates may vary in their restriction pattern, the D N A sequences of these isolates are at least 95 ~ homologous. Differences in restriction enzyme patterns are probably due to specific point mutations resulting in the loss or gain of certain restriction endonuclease sites. C ...
... and other BHV-1 virus isolates may vary in their restriction pattern, the D N A sequences of these isolates are at least 95 ~ homologous. Differences in restriction enzyme patterns are probably due to specific point mutations resulting in the loss or gain of certain restriction endonuclease sites. C ...
Restriction Endonuclease Analysis of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 DNA
... and other BHV-1 virus isolates may vary in their restriction pattern, the D N A sequences of these isolates are at least 95 ~ homologous. Differences in restriction enzyme patterns are probably due to specific point mutations resulting in the loss or gain of certain restriction endonuclease sites. C ...
... and other BHV-1 virus isolates may vary in their restriction pattern, the D N A sequences of these isolates are at least 95 ~ homologous. Differences in restriction enzyme patterns are probably due to specific point mutations resulting in the loss or gain of certain restriction endonuclease sites. C ...
1.4 Viruses - Ministry of Health
... HAdVs have been shown to occur in substantial numbers in raw water sources and drinking-water supplies (Chapron et al. 2000). The USEPA has included HAdV as a pathogen likely to be in drinkingwater or drinking-water sources on the preliminary contaminant candidate list (PCCL) in the DrinkingWater Co ...
... HAdVs have been shown to occur in substantial numbers in raw water sources and drinking-water supplies (Chapron et al. 2000). The USEPA has included HAdV as a pathogen likely to be in drinkingwater or drinking-water sources on the preliminary contaminant candidate list (PCCL) in the DrinkingWater Co ...
Medical Virology - e
... Viral genome codes for the few proteins necessary for replication: some proteins are non-structural e.g. polymerase, and some are structural, i.e. form part of the virion structure. ...
... Viral genome codes for the few proteins necessary for replication: some proteins are non-structural e.g. polymerase, and some are structural, i.e. form part of the virion structure. ...
Alhatlani et al 2015 Virus Research
... 3 extremities of MNV, NV, and FCV genomes. Mobility shift and cross-linking assays were used to identify cellular proteins that interact with RNA structures at the 5 end of the NV genome (Gutiérrez-Escolano et al., 2000). The cellular proteins lupus autoantigen (La), poly(rC)-binding protein (PCBP ...
... 3 extremities of MNV, NV, and FCV genomes. Mobility shift and cross-linking assays were used to identify cellular proteins that interact with RNA structures at the 5 end of the NV genome (Gutiérrez-Escolano et al., 2000). The cellular proteins lupus autoantigen (La), poly(rC)-binding protein (PCBP ...
Migratory Birds and Spread of West Nile Virus in
... been identified in different geographic locations. The lineage associated with the New York outbreak has been identified as virtually identical with an Israeli strain of the virus by phylogenetic analysis of E-glycoprotein nucleic acid sequence data (13). West Nile virus was one of the most widespre ...
... been identified in different geographic locations. The lineage associated with the New York outbreak has been identified as virtually identical with an Israeli strain of the virus by phylogenetic analysis of E-glycoprotein nucleic acid sequence data (13). West Nile virus was one of the most widespre ...
New Evidence of Long-lasting Persistence of Ebola Virus Genetic
... persistence of genetic material of Ebola virus in semen specimens from survivors came from Sierra Leone, where viral RNA has been found up to 284 days (9 months) after onset of disease, with a decreasing trend in both in proportion of PCR-positive semen specimens and viral quantity over time [8]. Ou ...
... persistence of genetic material of Ebola virus in semen specimens from survivors came from Sierra Leone, where viral RNA has been found up to 284 days (9 months) after onset of disease, with a decreasing trend in both in proportion of PCR-positive semen specimens and viral quantity over time [8]. Ou ...
Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers
... • Filoviridae: This family contains only Marburg and Ebola viruses. There are five subtypes of Ebola, four of which cause disease in humans; Sudan, Zaire, Cote d'Ivoire, and Bundibugyo. The fifth ebolavirus type, Reston, has been found in primates and pigs, and while inducing an antibody response in ...
... • Filoviridae: This family contains only Marburg and Ebola viruses. There are five subtypes of Ebola, four of which cause disease in humans; Sudan, Zaire, Cote d'Ivoire, and Bundibugyo. The fifth ebolavirus type, Reston, has been found in primates and pigs, and while inducing an antibody response in ...
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... Ecology and epidemiology first characterized in early 1950s and 60s in the Mediterranean Basin. First epidemic occurred in Israel in 1951 with 123 cases (mostly children) out of population of 303. No fatalities reported. ...
... Ecology and epidemiology first characterized in early 1950s and 60s in the Mediterranean Basin. First epidemic occurred in Israel in 1951 with 123 cases (mostly children) out of population of 303. No fatalities reported. ...
Emerging Zoonoses
... • Need for a scientific bridge between various disciplines: zoology, ecology, ornithology, geography, veterinary and human medicines…as illustrated by the early “West Nile fiasco” bird disease or human disease?…Which agency is in charge? • Interface between Public Health and Veterinary Public Health ...
... • Need for a scientific bridge between various disciplines: zoology, ecology, ornithology, geography, veterinary and human medicines…as illustrated by the early “West Nile fiasco” bird disease or human disease?…Which agency is in charge? • Interface between Public Health and Veterinary Public Health ...
UPPER respiratory lecture 2011 ped (2)
... or pressure and are common with viral URIs. – Photophobia or conjunctivitis: adenovirus . – Influenza : pain behind the eyes, pain with eye movement, or conjunctivitis. – Itchy, watery eyes are common in patients with allergic conditions. – Fever: This is usually slight or absent, but temperatures c ...
... or pressure and are common with viral URIs. – Photophobia or conjunctivitis: adenovirus . – Influenza : pain behind the eyes, pain with eye movement, or conjunctivitis. – Itchy, watery eyes are common in patients with allergic conditions. – Fever: This is usually slight or absent, but temperatures c ...
57. Expression of receptors during the host immune response to FMDV
... significance of this finding needs further study and it will be important to find out where the IFN is coming from and whether it has any direct role in local protection. Further studies are also required to conclusively investigate the shift of cytokine expression pattern during acute to persistent ...
... significance of this finding needs further study and it will be important to find out where the IFN is coming from and whether it has any direct role in local protection. Further studies are also required to conclusively investigate the shift of cytokine expression pattern during acute to persistent ...
Rate of Multiplication in the Mouse Lung of Unadapted and Adapted
... GROWTH OF ADAPTED AND UNADAPTED INFLUENZA VIRUS ...
... GROWTH OF ADAPTED AND UNADAPTED INFLUENZA VIRUS ...
Surface Structure and RNA-Protein Interactions of Foot-and
... with FMDV of serotype A, subtype 10, strain Argentina 1961 (A61) and the virus particles were radioactively labelled by the addition to the culture medium of [35S]methionine (150 ~tCi/flask), [3H]leucine (300 ~tCi/flask) or [3H]uridine (500 ~tCi/flask). For labelling with amino acids, medium lacking ...
... with FMDV of serotype A, subtype 10, strain Argentina 1961 (A61) and the virus particles were radioactively labelled by the addition to the culture medium of [35S]methionine (150 ~tCi/flask), [3H]leucine (300 ~tCi/flask) or [3H]uridine (500 ~tCi/flask). For labelling with amino acids, medium lacking ...
Japanese encephalitis
... (ELISA). Diagnosis requires a significant rise in antibody titre in paired sera collected during the acute and convalescent phases (for example a four-fold rise in VN titre). The specificity of each serological test should also be considered. A latex agglutination test to detect swine antibodies to ...
... (ELISA). Diagnosis requires a significant rise in antibody titre in paired sera collected during the acute and convalescent phases (for example a four-fold rise in VN titre). The specificity of each serological test should also be considered. A latex agglutination test to detect swine antibodies to ...
35. Natural aerosol transmission of foot-and-mouth disease in sheep
... In the present study, FMD transmission by longer-term exposure of sheep to a low concentration of an FMDV containing natural aerosol was examined. Two out of three recipient sheep developed subclinical disease. The concentration of FMD virus aerosol in the room at the peak was approximately 0.02 TCI ...
... In the present study, FMD transmission by longer-term exposure of sheep to a low concentration of an FMDV containing natural aerosol was examined. Two out of three recipient sheep developed subclinical disease. The concentration of FMD virus aerosol in the room at the peak was approximately 0.02 TCI ...
Infective material, concepts and procedures for intentional sow herd
... piglets or feces from sows. In fact, the greatest virus concentrations and quantities of feces can be collected in the first 18 hours of clinical signs from young (2-5d) piglets. Why? Neonatal pigs have very long villi with much higher populations of mature intestinal enterocytes which are most pe ...
... piglets or feces from sows. In fact, the greatest virus concentrations and quantities of feces can be collected in the first 18 hours of clinical signs from young (2-5d) piglets. Why? Neonatal pigs have very long villi with much higher populations of mature intestinal enterocytes which are most pe ...
Rubella Virus
... functions. At this point, the cell is now diseased and does not carry out many of its vital functions. Some cells die prematurely at this stage and in turn stop viral replication. In humans, infected cells usually release signaling proteins that initiate an immune response targeted at controlling vi ...
... functions. At this point, the cell is now diseased and does not carry out many of its vital functions. Some cells die prematurely at this stage and in turn stop viral replication. In humans, infected cells usually release signaling proteins that initiate an immune response targeted at controlling vi ...
Influenza A virus
Influenza A virus causes influenza in birds and some mammals, and is the only species of influenza virus A. Influenza virus A is a genus of the Orthomyxoviridae family of viruses. Strains of all subtypes of influenza A virus have been isolated from wild birds, although disease is uncommon. Some isolates of influenza A virus cause severe disease both in domestic poultry and, rarely, in humans. Occasionally, viruses are transmitted from wild aquatic birds to domestic poultry, and this may cause an outbreak or give rise to human influenza pandemics.Influenza A viruses are negative-sense, single-stranded, segmented RNA viruses.The several subtypes are labeled according to an H number (for the type of hemagglutinin) and an N number (for the type of neuraminidase). There are 18 different known H antigens (H1 to H18) and 11 different known N antigens (N1 to N11). H17 was isolated from fruit bats in 2012. H18N11 was discovered in a Peruvian bat in 2013.Each virus subtype has mutated into a variety of strains with differing pathogenic profiles; some are pathogenic to one species but not others, some are pathogenic to multiple species.A filtered and purified influenza A vaccine for humans has been developed, and many countries have stockpiled it to allow a quick administration to the population in the event of an avian influenza pandemic. Avian influenza is sometimes called avian flu, and colloquially, bird flu. In 2011, researchers reported the discovery of an antibody effective against all types of the influenza A virus.