Cucumber mosaic virus satellite RNAs that induce similar symptoms
... devastating epidemics, best exemplified by those of tomato necrosis that occurred in France, the Mediterranean basin and Japan (Marrou, et al., 1973; Gallitelli et al., 1988; Kosaka et al., 1989; Jordá et al., 1992). While most CMVsatRNAs attenuate or do not modify CMV symptoms in most plant specie ...
... devastating epidemics, best exemplified by those of tomato necrosis that occurred in France, the Mediterranean basin and Japan (Marrou, et al., 1973; Gallitelli et al., 1988; Kosaka et al., 1989; Jordá et al., 1992). While most CMVsatRNAs attenuate or do not modify CMV symptoms in most plant specie ...
Infectious Laryngotracheitis (ILT): Know the Symptoms
... Infectious Laryngotracheitis (ILT): Know the Symptoms and What to Do if Your Flock is Affected Infectious Laryngotracheitis (ILT) is an acute respiratory disease of chickens and occasionally, pheasants and peafowl, which often leads to severe losses in the poultry industry as well as backyard flocks ...
... Infectious Laryngotracheitis (ILT): Know the Symptoms and What to Do if Your Flock is Affected Infectious Laryngotracheitis (ILT) is an acute respiratory disease of chickens and occasionally, pheasants and peafowl, which often leads to severe losses in the poultry industry as well as backyard flocks ...
View/Open - University of Khartoum
... This study was carried out to determine the immune response to infectious bursal disease (IBD) vaccination in maternally immuned chicks. The effect of vaccination on meat quality of broilers was also studied. IBD intermediate vaccines were given to maternally immune chicks at different ages so as to ...
... This study was carried out to determine the immune response to infectious bursal disease (IBD) vaccination in maternally immuned chicks. The effect of vaccination on meat quality of broilers was also studied. IBD intermediate vaccines were given to maternally immune chicks at different ages so as to ...
Feline Panleukopenia - Advisory Board on Cat Diseases
... Antibodies play an important role in the immune response to FPV. Maternally-derived antibodies (MDA) efficiently protect kittens from fatal infection. This passively acquired immunity is later replace by an active immune response obtained by vaccination or as a consequence of a natural infection. Acqu ...
... Antibodies play an important role in the immune response to FPV. Maternally-derived antibodies (MDA) efficiently protect kittens from fatal infection. This passively acquired immunity is later replace by an active immune response obtained by vaccination or as a consequence of a natural infection. Acqu ...
10 bloodborne viral hepatitis ak2012-12
... Enveloped, ss-RNA with positive polarity. Parenterally, sexual, and from mother to child transmission have been reported. Causes mild acute and chronic hepatitis infection. Usually occurs as co-infection with HCV, HBV and HIV. ...
... Enveloped, ss-RNA with positive polarity. Parenterally, sexual, and from mother to child transmission have been reported. Causes mild acute and chronic hepatitis infection. Usually occurs as co-infection with HCV, HBV and HIV. ...
L10- bloodborne viral hepatitis ak updated
... Enveloped, ss-RNA with positive polarity. Parenterally, sexual, and from mother to child transmission have been reported. Causes mild acute and chronic hepatitis infection. Usually occurs as co-infection with HCV, HBV and HIV. ...
... Enveloped, ss-RNA with positive polarity. Parenterally, sexual, and from mother to child transmission have been reported. Causes mild acute and chronic hepatitis infection. Usually occurs as co-infection with HCV, HBV and HIV. ...
FELINE INFECTIOUS PERITONITIS (FIP)
... The first references to the fact that cats infected by this virus developed disease were described as early as 1960. However, it was not until 1966 that FIP was described as a distinct clinical entity and the infectious nature of the disease was described. And 25 years later, the first (and still on ...
... The first references to the fact that cats infected by this virus developed disease were described as early as 1960. However, it was not until 1966 that FIP was described as a distinct clinical entity and the infectious nature of the disease was described. And 25 years later, the first (and still on ...
Isolation and full-genome sequencing of Seneca Valley virus in
... epidemic transient neonatal losses (ETNL). The first case of SVV infection was reported in Guangdong, South China in 2015. Results: We isolated and characterized an SVV HB-CH-2016 strain from vesicular lesion tissue specimens from piglets with PIVD in Hubei, Central China. The complete genome sequen ...
... epidemic transient neonatal losses (ETNL). The first case of SVV infection was reported in Guangdong, South China in 2015. Results: We isolated and characterized an SVV HB-CH-2016 strain from vesicular lesion tissue specimens from piglets with PIVD in Hubei, Central China. The complete genome sequen ...
Gumboro disease in broilers continues to be a problem , and the
... antibodies. Type II antibodies do not confer protection against type I infection, neither do they interfere with the response to type I vaccine. Recently there have been descriptions of serological variants of type I virus. Cross protection studies have shown that inac-tivated vaccines prepared from ...
... antibodies. Type II antibodies do not confer protection against type I infection, neither do they interfere with the response to type I vaccine. Recently there have been descriptions of serological variants of type I virus. Cross protection studies have shown that inac-tivated vaccines prepared from ...
A comparison of herpes simplex virus type 1 and varicella
... to be unravelled. In both cases latent viral DNA exists in an ‘end-less’ state where the ends of the virus genome are joined to form structures consistent with unit length episomes and concatemers, from which viral gene transcription is restricted. In latently infected ganglia, the most abundantly d ...
... to be unravelled. In both cases latent viral DNA exists in an ‘end-less’ state where the ends of the virus genome are joined to form structures consistent with unit length episomes and concatemers, from which viral gene transcription is restricted. In latently infected ganglia, the most abundantly d ...
National Avian Influenza Surveillance Dossier
... this route. It is unlikely that AI viruses would be introduced into Australian poultry through the importation of birds or avian products, because strict quarantine controls are maintained on the importation of live birds, fertile eggs and poultry products such as meat and eggs. Stringent border sec ...
... this route. It is unlikely that AI viruses would be introduced into Australian poultry through the importation of birds or avian products, because strict quarantine controls are maintained on the importation of live birds, fertile eggs and poultry products such as meat and eggs. Stringent border sec ...
on Human West Nile Virus Epidemics in North
... was more important than actual hours of light per day in determining WNV activity. The regularity of this observation is indicative of a link between WNV activity and decreasing day length, and warrants further investigation. A change in host preference observed by Kilpatrick et al (16) can not be d ...
... was more important than actual hours of light per day in determining WNV activity. The regularity of this observation is indicative of a link between WNV activity and decreasing day length, and warrants further investigation. A change in host preference observed by Kilpatrick et al (16) can not be d ...
Management of Ebola virus disease (EVD)
... care to survivors in an effort to ensure they no longer pose a risk of transmitting EVD to others. The greatest risk of flare-ups is male-to-female sexual transmission as semen has tested positive by RTPCR for as long as 9 months post symptom onset and viable virus has been detected in semen as long ...
... care to survivors in an effort to ensure they no longer pose a risk of transmitting EVD to others. The greatest risk of flare-ups is male-to-female sexual transmission as semen has tested positive by RTPCR for as long as 9 months post symptom onset and viable virus has been detected in semen as long ...
Yellow leaf of sugarcane is caused by at least three different
... silencing (Mirkov, unpublished results). ORFs 1 and 2 are translated together and code for a multifunctional peptide and an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), respectively. The peptide sequence encoded by ORF1 includes sequence motifs of both a serine proteinase and a putative genome-linked viral ...
... silencing (Mirkov, unpublished results). ORFs 1 and 2 are translated together and code for a multifunctional peptide and an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), respectively. The peptide sequence encoded by ORF1 includes sequence motifs of both a serine proteinase and a putative genome-linked viral ...
Hand-Foot and Mouth Dısease and Reactıve Arthritis
... Although reactive arthritis may occur after viral infections, it has been thought that articular manifestations may be the result of a real viral intra-articular infection rather than representing post-infectious response. Likewise, antigen-antibody (Ag-Ab) type immune complexes were isolated from s ...
... Although reactive arthritis may occur after viral infections, it has been thought that articular manifestations may be the result of a real viral intra-articular infection rather than representing post-infectious response. Likewise, antigen-antibody (Ag-Ab) type immune complexes were isolated from s ...
Contemporary Prevalence of Infectious Agents in Laboratory Mice
... the animals in a facility when one designs a healthmonitoring scheme. In addition, the likelihood of these animals actually encountering any individual infectious agent should also be considered. The best use of limited health surveillance resources is to correlate monitoring frequency with the risk ...
... the animals in a facility when one designs a healthmonitoring scheme. In addition, the likelihood of these animals actually encountering any individual infectious agent should also be considered. The best use of limited health surveillance resources is to correlate monitoring frequency with the risk ...
west nile virus report 2005 - Clark County Health Department
... developed a book of mosquito identification photographs. Mosquitoes were bagged and shipped to the Indiana Department of Health where they were identified and tested for West Nile virus. In Clark County, 3 of the sites tested positive for West Nile virus while in Floyd County 5 of the 12 sites were ...
... developed a book of mosquito identification photographs. Mosquitoes were bagged and shipped to the Indiana Department of Health where they were identified and tested for West Nile virus. In Clark County, 3 of the sites tested positive for West Nile virus while in Floyd County 5 of the 12 sites were ...
Coronavirus
... ribosomes for translation. Coronaviruses also have a protein known as a replicas encoded in its genome which allows the RNA viral genome to be transcribed into new RNA copies using the host cells machinery. The replicas is the first protein to be made; once the gene encoding the replicas is translat ...
... ribosomes for translation. Coronaviruses also have a protein known as a replicas encoded in its genome which allows the RNA viral genome to be transcribed into new RNA copies using the host cells machinery. The replicas is the first protein to be made; once the gene encoding the replicas is translat ...
A1984TN32600001
... development of IM, to appear regularly during illness, and to persist for years This relationship was not found in other infectious diseases EBV is the probable cause of IM [The SCI® indicates that this paper has been cited in over 265 publications since 1968] Alfred S. Evans Department of Epidemiol ...
... development of IM, to appear regularly during illness, and to persist for years This relationship was not found in other infectious diseases EBV is the probable cause of IM [The SCI® indicates that this paper has been cited in over 265 publications since 1968] Alfred S. Evans Department of Epidemiol ...
Feline Leukemia Virus (FELV)
... This information handout is designed as a method of communication between veterinarians and clients who own cats with Feline Leukemia Virus (FELV). The causes, metabolic changes and diagnosis of this disease are discussed, and possible treatments are presented. If you have any questions, be sure to ...
... This information handout is designed as a method of communication between veterinarians and clients who own cats with Feline Leukemia Virus (FELV). The causes, metabolic changes and diagnosis of this disease are discussed, and possible treatments are presented. If you have any questions, be sure to ...
PDF
... considered to have a primary Epstein-Barr virus infection if they are positive for antiviral capsid antigen IgM but do not have antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen, which would suggest past infection. Levels of antiviral capsid antigen IgG will also increase in the acute phase and persi ...
... considered to have a primary Epstein-Barr virus infection if they are positive for antiviral capsid antigen IgM but do not have antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen, which would suggest past infection. Levels of antiviral capsid antigen IgG will also increase in the acute phase and persi ...
comparative study between elisa - the journal of the egyptian public
... specific test for detecting anti-BVD antibodies. Regarding the sensitivity and specificity of CBIA technique for detecting anti-BVD antibodies in the sera is in agreement with results of Zaghawa, (1993)(16) & (1997)(17), when they compared CBIA with serum neutralization test in detecting anti-canine ...
... specific test for detecting anti-BVD antibodies. Regarding the sensitivity and specificity of CBIA technique for detecting anti-BVD antibodies in the sera is in agreement with results of Zaghawa, (1993)(16) & (1997)(17), when they compared CBIA with serum neutralization test in detecting anti-canine ...
HIV Superinfection - Division of Infectious Diseases
... A portion of the worldwide HIV genetic diversity is a result of the error-prone viral reverse transcriptase (RT), coupled with a high viral replication rate [29, 33]. Additional genetic diversity is introduced as a result of recombination that may take place during HIV replication [34]. HIV is ...
... A portion of the worldwide HIV genetic diversity is a result of the error-prone viral reverse transcriptase (RT), coupled with a high viral replication rate [29, 33]. Additional genetic diversity is introduced as a result of recombination that may take place during HIV replication [34]. HIV is ...
Risks of spreading foot and mouth disease through milk and
... followed by acidification to below pH 4 . 5 . Subsequently, it was estimated that about 18 million kg of milk treated in this manner were fed to domestic animals on the island of Funen during the epidemic without causing any outbreaks (11). ...
... followed by acidification to below pH 4 . 5 . Subsequently, it was estimated that about 18 million kg of milk treated in this manner were fed to domestic animals on the island of Funen during the epidemic without causing any outbreaks (11). ...
Dengue Viruses
... against dengue virus, especially among patients with evidence of previous dengue infections which is common to Micronesia, the illness was clinically distinct from dengue, and Zika RNA was isolated from 15 cases with no other arboviral RNA. A total of 49 Zika virus cases were confirmed of the 185 su ...
... against dengue virus, especially among patients with evidence of previous dengue infections which is common to Micronesia, the illness was clinically distinct from dengue, and Zika RNA was isolated from 15 cases with no other arboviral RNA. A total of 49 Zika virus cases were confirmed of the 185 su ...
Influenza A virus
Influenza A virus causes influenza in birds and some mammals, and is the only species of influenza virus A. Influenza virus A is a genus of the Orthomyxoviridae family of viruses. Strains of all subtypes of influenza A virus have been isolated from wild birds, although disease is uncommon. Some isolates of influenza A virus cause severe disease both in domestic poultry and, rarely, in humans. Occasionally, viruses are transmitted from wild aquatic birds to domestic poultry, and this may cause an outbreak or give rise to human influenza pandemics.Influenza A viruses are negative-sense, single-stranded, segmented RNA viruses.The several subtypes are labeled according to an H number (for the type of hemagglutinin) and an N number (for the type of neuraminidase). There are 18 different known H antigens (H1 to H18) and 11 different known N antigens (N1 to N11). H17 was isolated from fruit bats in 2012. H18N11 was discovered in a Peruvian bat in 2013.Each virus subtype has mutated into a variety of strains with differing pathogenic profiles; some are pathogenic to one species but not others, some are pathogenic to multiple species.A filtered and purified influenza A vaccine for humans has been developed, and many countries have stockpiled it to allow a quick administration to the population in the event of an avian influenza pandemic. Avian influenza is sometimes called avian flu, and colloquially, bird flu. In 2011, researchers reported the discovery of an antibody effective against all types of the influenza A virus.