Cellular respiration
... • it is here that fats and proteins can ‘enter the picture’ (i.e., be used as a fuel source) • it is also when we move from the sarcoplasm into the mitochondria for the first time ...
... • it is here that fats and proteins can ‘enter the picture’ (i.e., be used as a fuel source) • it is also when we move from the sarcoplasm into the mitochondria for the first time ...
Cellular Respiration
... breakdown reactions for supplying energy and organic molecules for all organisms Update your TOC ...
... breakdown reactions for supplying energy and organic molecules for all organisms Update your TOC ...
Photosynthesis
... Converts it to glycolic acid, which is then transported to the peroxisome and converted to glycine. The glycine is then transported into a mitochondria where it is ...
... Converts it to glycolic acid, which is then transported to the peroxisome and converted to glycine. The glycine is then transported into a mitochondria where it is ...
Powering the Cell: Cellular Respiration
... concentration of the ions in the intermembrane space than in the matrix. This chemiosmotic gradient causes the ions to flow back across the membrane into the matrix, where their concentration is lower. ATP synthase acts as a channel protein, helping the hydrogen ions cross the membrane. It also acts ...
... concentration of the ions in the intermembrane space than in the matrix. This chemiosmotic gradient causes the ions to flow back across the membrane into the matrix, where their concentration is lower. ATP synthase acts as a channel protein, helping the hydrogen ions cross the membrane. It also acts ...
H 2 O
... • Died-August 1, 1970 in Berlin, Germany • He won a Nobel prize in Physiology and Medicine for his Warburg effect in 1931. ...
... • Died-August 1, 1970 in Berlin, Germany • He won a Nobel prize in Physiology and Medicine for his Warburg effect in 1931. ...
File
... adenine; pentose / 5 carbon, sugar; ribose; three, phosphate groups / Pi; R phosphate molecule phosphorylated nucleotide; A adenosine as an alternative to adenine plus ribose ...
... adenine; pentose / 5 carbon, sugar; ribose; three, phosphate groups / Pi; R phosphate molecule phosphorylated nucleotide; A adenosine as an alternative to adenine plus ribose ...
3.1 METABOLIC PATHWAYS §3.1a Overview of
... - Electrons spontaneously pass from halfreactions with lower ε° to increasing ε° - Thus, both NADH and FADH2 serve as electron donors to reduce O2 to H2O during oxidative phosphorylation—the free energy released is harnessed for ATP synthesis - For example, free energy (∆G°) released by the reductio ...
... - Electrons spontaneously pass from halfreactions with lower ε° to increasing ε° - Thus, both NADH and FADH2 serve as electron donors to reduce O2 to H2O during oxidative phosphorylation—the free energy released is harnessed for ATP synthesis - For example, free energy (∆G°) released by the reductio ...
U4L21 fuel oxidation - The University of Sydney
... • FA is trapped by attaching it to CoA • This also ‘activates’ the fatty acid (‘tags’ the FA) • Requires quite a lot of energy, – ATP is not converted into ADP, but AMP ...
... • FA is trapped by attaching it to CoA • This also ‘activates’ the fatty acid (‘tags’ the FA) • Requires quite a lot of energy, – ATP is not converted into ADP, but AMP ...
Cellular Respiration Harvesting Chemical Energy
... Today I will… 1. Describe the process of glycolysis. 2. State the reactants and products of glycolysis. ...
... Today I will… 1. Describe the process of glycolysis. 2. State the reactants and products of glycolysis. ...
Bioenergetics and Metabolism
... FADH2 molecules by the electron transport chain results in only ~3 molecules of ATP (~1.5 ATP/FADH2) because of differences in where these two coenzymes enter the electron transport chain. Based on this ATP currency exchange ratio, and the one substrate level phosphorylation reaction, each turn of t ...
... FADH2 molecules by the electron transport chain results in only ~3 molecules of ATP (~1.5 ATP/FADH2) because of differences in where these two coenzymes enter the electron transport chain. Based on this ATP currency exchange ratio, and the one substrate level phosphorylation reaction, each turn of t ...
Kreb`s cycle - Secondary Education
... result of electron transport? The inner membranes of the mitochondria contain protein spheres called ATP synthases. As H+ ions escape through channels into these proteins, the ATP synthases spin. Each time it rotates, the enzyme grabs a low-energy ADP and attaches a phosphate, forming high-energy AT ...
... result of electron transport? The inner membranes of the mitochondria contain protein spheres called ATP synthases. As H+ ions escape through channels into these proteins, the ATP synthases spin. Each time it rotates, the enzyme grabs a low-energy ADP and attaches a phosphate, forming high-energy AT ...
Chapter 4
... high[ATP]. This means that the cell is high in “energy”. •High [NAD+] or [ADP or AMP] means that the cell is low in “energy”. •These molecules (and others) can act as allosteric effectors stimulating or inhibiting allosteric enzymes which are usually at the beginning or branch-points of a specific p ...
... high[ATP]. This means that the cell is high in “energy”. •High [NAD+] or [ADP or AMP] means that the cell is low in “energy”. •These molecules (and others) can act as allosteric effectors stimulating or inhibiting allosteric enzymes which are usually at the beginning or branch-points of a specific p ...
Anaerobic Respiration
... When the first step occurs and 2 acetaldehyde is formed, 2 CO₂ is released Then acetaldehyde accepts hydrogen and electrons from the 2 NADH formed through Glycolysis With the combining of e-, H+, and 2 acetaldehyde, 2 NAD+ is regenerated and 2ethanol is created ...
... When the first step occurs and 2 acetaldehyde is formed, 2 CO₂ is released Then acetaldehyde accepts hydrogen and electrons from the 2 NADH formed through Glycolysis With the combining of e-, H+, and 2 acetaldehyde, 2 NAD+ is regenerated and 2ethanol is created ...
Respiration
... The sites of respiration – the sites of the various biochemical pathways of respiration; the structure of mitochondrion as shown in electron micrographs. (refer to topic ‘The cell --- organelles of cell’) Glycolysis – an outline of glycolysis to show : (1) the phosphorylation of glucose; (2) the bre ...
... The sites of respiration – the sites of the various biochemical pathways of respiration; the structure of mitochondrion as shown in electron micrographs. (refer to topic ‘The cell --- organelles of cell’) Glycolysis – an outline of glycolysis to show : (1) the phosphorylation of glucose; (2) the bre ...
File - Mrs Jones A
... adenine; pentose / 5 carbon, sugar; ribose; three, phosphate groups / Pi; R phosphate molecule phosphorylated nucleotide; A adenosine as an alternative to adenine plus ribose ...
... adenine; pentose / 5 carbon, sugar; ribose; three, phosphate groups / Pi; R phosphate molecule phosphorylated nucleotide; A adenosine as an alternative to adenine plus ribose ...
Chem 465 Biochemistry II Hour Exam 2
... inner membrane. List every membrane bound enzyme in this process and the chemicals that it transports into or across the membrane. In this list do not forget to include the proteins that transport things like ATP and shuttle NADH equivalents across the membrane as well. Complex I - NADH:ubiquinine o ...
... inner membrane. List every membrane bound enzyme in this process and the chemicals that it transports into or across the membrane. In this list do not forget to include the proteins that transport things like ATP and shuttle NADH equivalents across the membrane as well. Complex I - NADH:ubiquinine o ...
aerobic respiration
... Pyruvate not moved into mitochondria (stays in cytosol & is converted into waste products that can be transported out of cells) Waste product depends on type of cell ...
... Pyruvate not moved into mitochondria (stays in cytosol & is converted into waste products that can be transported out of cells) Waste product depends on type of cell ...
Chapter 9
... Chemiosmosis: The Energy-Coupling Mechanism • Electron transfer in the electron transport chain causes proteins to pump H+ from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space • H+ then moves back across the membrane, passing through the proton, ATP synthase • ATP synthase uses the exergonic fl ...
... Chemiosmosis: The Energy-Coupling Mechanism • Electron transfer in the electron transport chain causes proteins to pump H+ from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space • H+ then moves back across the membrane, passing through the proton, ATP synthase • ATP synthase uses the exergonic fl ...
Chapter 9
... • Electrons are transferred from NADH or FADH2 to the electron transport chain • Electrons are passed to O2 • The electron transport chain generates no ATP directly • It breaks the large free-energy drop from food to O2 into smaller steps that release energy in manageable amounts ...
... • Electrons are transferred from NADH or FADH2 to the electron transport chain • Electrons are passed to O2 • The electron transport chain generates no ATP directly • It breaks the large free-energy drop from food to O2 into smaller steps that release energy in manageable amounts ...
How Cells Release Chemical Energy – Cellular Respiration
... Alternative metabolic pathways • Cells use other energy sources There are C’s in proteins! There are C’s in lipids! ...
... Alternative metabolic pathways • Cells use other energy sources There are C’s in proteins! There are C’s in lipids! ...
Cellular Respiration
... • The energy needed is provided by the breakdown of sugars in food to form ATP (cellular respiration) • CR requires Oxygen, but after some time cells are unable to provide the needed amount of oxygen, and lactic acid fermentation occurs. • When lactic acid builds up, the muscles feel sore and fatigu ...
... • The energy needed is provided by the breakdown of sugars in food to form ATP (cellular respiration) • CR requires Oxygen, but after some time cells are unable to provide the needed amount of oxygen, and lactic acid fermentation occurs. • When lactic acid builds up, the muscles feel sore and fatigu ...
Electron transport chain
An electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of compounds that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions, and couples this electron transfer with the transfer of protons (H+ ions) across a membrane. This creates an electrochemical proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis, or the generation of chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The final acceptor of electrons in the electron transport chain is molecular oxygen.Electron transport chains are used for extracting energy via redox reactions from sunlight in photosynthesis or, such as in the case of the oxidation of sugars, cellular respiration. In eukaryotes, an important electron transport chain is found in the inner mitochondrial membrane where it serves as the site of oxidative phosphorylation through the use of ATP synthase. It is also found in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast in photosynthetic eukaryotes. In bacteria, the electron transport chain is located in their cell membrane.In chloroplasts, light drives the conversion of water to oxygen and NADP+ to NADPH with transfer of H+ ions across chloroplast membranes. In mitochondria, it is the conversion of oxygen to water, NADH to NAD+ and succinate to fumarate that are required to generate the proton gradient. Electron transport chains are major sites of premature electron leakage to oxygen, generating superoxide and potentially resulting in increased oxidative stress.