Kuma Nature Reserve - plan of management
... Kuma Nature Reserve is located in the Monaro Region of NSW, 3km south east of Cooma. It was dedicated in 2003 and has a current area of 182 ha. It contains a sample of the natural temperate grassland of the Southern Tablelands (NSW and ACT), a plant community typical of the Monaro basalt plains, whi ...
... Kuma Nature Reserve is located in the Monaro Region of NSW, 3km south east of Cooma. It was dedicated in 2003 and has a current area of 182 ha. It contains a sample of the natural temperate grassland of the Southern Tablelands (NSW and ACT), a plant community typical of the Monaro basalt plains, whi ...
Novel ecosystems in the Anthropocene
... many of the ecosystems resulting from this influence do not resemble their natural precursors have led ecologists to distinguish between ecosystems with degraded structure and functionality and novel ecosystems. Some ecologists have argued that novel ecosystems should be managed differently from deg ...
... many of the ecosystems resulting from this influence do not resemble their natural precursors have led ecologists to distinguish between ecosystems with degraded structure and functionality and novel ecosystems. Some ecologists have argued that novel ecosystems should be managed differently from deg ...
Crop domestication, global human-mediated migration, and the
... and plants have interacted for hundreds of millions of years, prior to the emergence of domesticated crops (Chen et al., 2015a). Therefore, agricultural crops are a recent ecological phenomenon for insect assemblages adapted to utilize wild ancestors. Crop domestication can have complex effects on t ...
... and plants have interacted for hundreds of millions of years, prior to the emergence of domesticated crops (Chen et al., 2015a). Therefore, agricultural crops are a recent ecological phenomenon for insect assemblages adapted to utilize wild ancestors. Crop domestication can have complex effects on t ...
Heteromorphic Life Histories of Certain Marine Algae as Adaptations
... An explanation already proposed is that the nonupright morphs are perennating stages which survive through the physically harsh seasons when the upright morphs are killed by such stresses as desiccation, insolation, and high temperatures (Conway et al. 1976). A second hypothesis occurred to each o f ...
... An explanation already proposed is that the nonupright morphs are perennating stages which survive through the physically harsh seasons when the upright morphs are killed by such stresses as desiccation, insolation, and high temperatures (Conway et al. 1976). A second hypothesis occurred to each o f ...
character release following extinction in a caribbean reef
... reef environments. Pleistocene colonies of the columnar morphotype sympatric with organ-pipe Montastraea showed greater column widths than those in allopatry. We subjected our data to a number of criteria for interpreting the morphological shift as character release following lifting of competitive ...
... reef environments. Pleistocene colonies of the columnar morphotype sympatric with organ-pipe Montastraea showed greater column widths than those in allopatry. We subjected our data to a number of criteria for interpreting the morphological shift as character release following lifting of competitive ...
amphibian contributions to ecosystem services
... pharmaceuticals such as analgesics and anti-viral drugs derived from skin secretions. Amphibians contribute to regulating services by reducing mosquito recruitment from ephemeral wetlands, potentially controlling other pest species, and indirectly through predation of insect pollinators. Often negle ...
... pharmaceuticals such as analgesics and anti-viral drugs derived from skin secretions. Amphibians contribute to regulating services by reducing mosquito recruitment from ephemeral wetlands, potentially controlling other pest species, and indirectly through predation of insect pollinators. Often negle ...
Future wet grasslands: ecological implications of climate change
... wetland types are generally not well understood (Erwin 2009). Wet grasslands, in common with other wetlands, are located across numerous biomes and there is no single climatic template. Regional predictions of the consequences of climate change are complicated by the distribution of wet grasslands o ...
... wetland types are generally not well understood (Erwin 2009). Wet grasslands, in common with other wetlands, are located across numerous biomes and there is no single climatic template. Regional predictions of the consequences of climate change are complicated by the distribution of wet grasslands o ...
Ecosystem engineering and biodiversity in coastal sediments
... Wesenbeeck et al. 2008). The same kind of positive feedback mechanisms and thresholds appear to apply to allogenic ecosystem engineers. For example, for lugworms, it has been suggested that their bioturbating activities contribute to the maintenance of their sandy habitat by preventing a succession ...
... Wesenbeeck et al. 2008). The same kind of positive feedback mechanisms and thresholds appear to apply to allogenic ecosystem engineers. For example, for lugworms, it has been suggested that their bioturbating activities contribute to the maintenance of their sandy habitat by preventing a succession ...
SPECIES ACCOUNT – MOOSE (m-alal)
... the habitat rating, water bodies should be examined during TEM surveys. Furthermore, non-forested site series should be targeted for careful inspection of preferred food plants. (i.e., some fens may support willows along the perimeter while others may not). Although sedges (Carex spp.) can be utiliz ...
... the habitat rating, water bodies should be examined during TEM surveys. Furthermore, non-forested site series should be targeted for careful inspection of preferred food plants. (i.e., some fens may support willows along the perimeter while others may not). Although sedges (Carex spp.) can be utiliz ...
Journal of Animal - Centre d`études biologiques de Chizé
... processing rate. Removing the thorns from three of the species affected these parameters differently, according to the size and density of thorns. 3. Animals took larger bites from larger patches (branches), and bite mass declined as patch exploitation progressed, implying that animals were selectin ...
... processing rate. Removing the thorns from three of the species affected these parameters differently, according to the size and density of thorns. 3. Animals took larger bites from larger patches (branches), and bite mass declined as patch exploitation progressed, implying that animals were selectin ...
Predicting novel herbivoreplant interactions
... be exploited by an herbivore. Conversely, a discrete set of insect phenotypes predispose that herbivore to feeding on a particular plant. The likelihood of an interaction in this case is not then determined by the defensive investment of the plant per se, nor the host breadth of the herbivore per se ...
... be exploited by an herbivore. Conversely, a discrete set of insect phenotypes predispose that herbivore to feeding on a particular plant. The likelihood of an interaction in this case is not then determined by the defensive investment of the plant per se, nor the host breadth of the herbivore per se ...
Introduction Poaceae (R.Br.) Barnh. is the fourth
... about 700-800 genera and 10,000-11,000 grass species distributed worldwide (Clayton & Renvoize 1986, Watson & Dallwitz 1999, Tropicos 2011). Grasses occur in nearly all the ecosystems and habitats of the world (Clayton & Renvoize 1986, Ture & Bocuk 2007, Osborne et al. 2011) and provide cover to nea ...
... about 700-800 genera and 10,000-11,000 grass species distributed worldwide (Clayton & Renvoize 1986, Watson & Dallwitz 1999, Tropicos 2011). Grasses occur in nearly all the ecosystems and habitats of the world (Clayton & Renvoize 1986, Ture & Bocuk 2007, Osborne et al. 2011) and provide cover to nea ...
A metaanalysis of biotic resistance to exotic plant invasions
... biotic processes, including predation, competition, herbivory or disease. In addition, abiotic factors, such as high temperature or salinity can also make an ecosystem difficult to colonize. Because many mechanisms can underlie the phenomenon, Elton (1958) noted that Ô(resistance) describes ignoranc ...
... biotic processes, including predation, competition, herbivory or disease. In addition, abiotic factors, such as high temperature or salinity can also make an ecosystem difficult to colonize. Because many mechanisms can underlie the phenomenon, Elton (1958) noted that Ô(resistance) describes ignoranc ...
Sci 8
... Organisms are linked to one another in an ecosystem by the flow of energy and the cycling of materials. Humans are an integral part of the natural system and human activities can alter the stability of ecosystems. Strand Energy Flow and Material Cycles in the Environment continued from previous page ...
... Organisms are linked to one another in an ecosystem by the flow of energy and the cycling of materials. Humans are an integral part of the natural system and human activities can alter the stability of ecosystems. Strand Energy Flow and Material Cycles in the Environment continued from previous page ...
A meta-analysis of biotic resistance to exotic plant invasions
... biotic processes, including predation, competition, herbivory or disease. In addition, abiotic factors, such as high temperature or salinity can also make an ecosystem difficult to colonize. Because many mechanisms can underlie the phenomenon, Elton (1958) noted that Ô(resistance) describes ignoranc ...
... biotic processes, including predation, competition, herbivory or disease. In addition, abiotic factors, such as high temperature or salinity can also make an ecosystem difficult to colonize. Because many mechanisms can underlie the phenomenon, Elton (1958) noted that Ô(resistance) describes ignoranc ...
Soil organic carbon pools in the northern circumpolar permafrost
... determine carbon pools in soils of the northern circumpolar permafrost region. The area of all soils in the northern permafrost region is approximately 18,782 103 km2, or approximately 16% of the global soil area. In the northern permafrost region, organic soils (peatlands) and cryoturbated permaf ...
... determine carbon pools in soils of the northern circumpolar permafrost region. The area of all soils in the northern permafrost region is approximately 18,782 103 km2, or approximately 16% of the global soil area. In the northern permafrost region, organic soils (peatlands) and cryoturbated permaf ...
Assessing the impact of climate change on ecosystem services in
... Work has been progressing within SEQ Catchments, in collaboration with agencies of the Queensland Government, research organizations, universities and individual researchers, to develop and apply an ecosystem services framework for South East Queensland (SEQ). The initiative is described as the SEQ ...
... Work has been progressing within SEQ Catchments, in collaboration with agencies of the Queensland Government, research organizations, universities and individual researchers, to develop and apply an ecosystem services framework for South East Queensland (SEQ). The initiative is described as the SEQ ...
TOWARD A STRATEGY FOR THE CONSERVATION AND
... European and Asian grasslands have placed many of the large ungulate populations, such as European bison (Bi son bonasus), Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa), Saiga antelope (Saiga tatarica), and Takhi (Equus ferus przewalskii; Przewalski’s horse), and such predators as wolf and snow leopard (U ...
... European and Asian grasslands have placed many of the large ungulate populations, such as European bison (Bi son bonasus), Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa), Saiga antelope (Saiga tatarica), and Takhi (Equus ferus przewalskii; Przewalski’s horse), and such predators as wolf and snow leopard (U ...
Synthesis report
... such as rockfalls, landslides and debris flows. This can have direct consequences for infrastructures in permafrost areas and indirect consequences for other natural hazards such as floods. As increasing air temperature has a direct impact on the thermal characteristics and the geotechnical behaviou ...
... such as rockfalls, landslides and debris flows. This can have direct consequences for infrastructures in permafrost areas and indirect consequences for other natural hazards such as floods. As increasing air temperature has a direct impact on the thermal characteristics and the geotechnical behaviou ...
Temperate Grassland Responses to Climate
... Soil mineral N Shoot}root ratio Soil respiration Shoot}root ratio ...
... Soil mineral N Shoot}root ratio Soil respiration Shoot}root ratio ...
Economic instruments to achieve ecosystem objectives in fisheries
... sufficient to determine the optimum time paths of the 3I unknown variables, namely the (1I) vectors , e and x .The first two are in many respects central to the solution. Equation [7.1] gives the rule for the optimum behaviour of the fishing industry at each point in time. According to this rule, ...
... sufficient to determine the optimum time paths of the 3I unknown variables, namely the (1I) vectors , e and x .The first two are in many respects central to the solution. Equation [7.1] gives the rule for the optimum behaviour of the fishing industry at each point in time. According to this rule, ...
Coevolution of Poisonous Plants and Large Herbivores on
... animals that coevolved with the vegetation should be able to avoid native poisonous plants better than domestic animals that have been moved from their native habitat or developed in agricultural systems. Many examples of this exist in the literature. Arnold and Hill (1972) observed that, in western ...
... animals that coevolved with the vegetation should be able to avoid native poisonous plants better than domestic animals that have been moved from their native habitat or developed in agricultural systems. Many examples of this exist in the literature. Arnold and Hill (1972) observed that, in western ...
Here - Permafrost Carbon Network
... causing normally frozen ground to thaw, exposing significant quantities of organic carbon to decomposition by soil microbes. This permafrost carbon is the remnants of plants and animals accumulated in perennially frozen soil over thousands of years, and it holds twice as much carbon as currently in ...
... causing normally frozen ground to thaw, exposing significant quantities of organic carbon to decomposition by soil microbes. This permafrost carbon is the remnants of plants and animals accumulated in perennially frozen soil over thousands of years, and it holds twice as much carbon as currently in ...
Meta-ecosystems: a theoretical framework for a spatial ecosystem
... nutrient N) and two local ecosystems 1 and 2, it is easy to verify that these constraints result in a global material cycle such that net flows at equilibrium are either in the direction N1 fi P1 fi P2 fi N2 fi N1 or in the opposite direction. In this global cycle, although production and nutrient recyc ...
... nutrient N) and two local ecosystems 1 and 2, it is easy to verify that these constraints result in a global material cycle such that net flows at equilibrium are either in the direction N1 fi P1 fi P2 fi N2 fi N1 or in the opposite direction. In this global cycle, although production and nutrient recyc ...
Differences in herbivore preferences, phlorotannin production, and
... Ten replicate experimental containers (arenas) for each experiment held a herbivore and one piece each of juvenile and adult algae of the same species. An equal number of control arenas contained only algae and were used to assess autogenic changes in the algae that occurred during the experiments. ...
... Ten replicate experimental containers (arenas) for each experiment held a herbivore and one piece each of juvenile and adult algae of the same species. An equal number of control arenas contained only algae and were used to assess autogenic changes in the algae that occurred during the experiments. ...
Pleistocene Park
Pleistocene Park (Russian: Плейстоценовый парк) is a nature reserve on the Kolyma River south of Chersky in the Sakha Republic, Russia, in northeastern Siberia, where an attempt is being made to recreate the northern subarctic steppe grassland ecosystem that flourished in the area during the last glacial period.The project is being led by Russian researcher Sergey Zimov, with hopes to back the hypothesis that overhunting, and not climate change, was primarily responsible for the extinction of wildlife and the disappearance of the grasslands at the end of the Pleistocene epoch.A further aim is to research the climatic effects of the expected changes in the ecosystem. Here the hypothesis is that the change from tundra to grassland will result in a raised ratio of energy emission to energy absorption of the area, leading to less thawing of permafrost and thereby less emission of greenhouse gases.To study this, large herbivores have been released, and their effect on the local fauna is being monitored. Preliminary results point at the ecologically low-grade tundra biome being converted into a productive grassland biome, and at the energy emission of the area being raised.A documentary is being produced about the park by an American journalist and filmmaker.