• Study Resource
  • Explore
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Halogen Bond: Its Role beyond Drug–Target
Halogen Bond: Its Role beyond Drug–Target

... It takes about 13 years to launch one new medicine (New Molecular Entity, NME) with the average cost of $1,778 million.29 The drug discovery stage usually takes 5.5 years, while the drug development stage takes 8 years (Figure S1 in the Supporting Information). It is well recognized that halogen bon ...
PGY1 - ASHP Media
PGY1 - ASHP Media

... Programs. Users of this document will want to refer to the accompanying glossary to assure a shared understanding of terms. The order in which the required educational outcomes is presented in this document does not suggest relative importance of the outcome, amount of time that should be devoted to ...
organic volatile impurities and their regulatory limits
organic volatile impurities and their regulatory limits

... tested to ascertain whether the formulation process has reduced the relevant solvent level to within the acceptable amount. Drug product should also be tested if a solvent is used during its manufacture.This guideline does not apply to potential new drug substances, excipients or drug products used ...
Pharmacy Compounding: Defining the New Landscape for Safe
Pharmacy Compounding: Defining the New Landscape for Safe

... The Food and Drug Administration differentiates between compounded drugs and manufactured drugs. Compounded drugs are excluded from FDA regulation in a 200-plus word definition that assigns regulatory responsibility to state pharmacy licensing bodies. The National Association of Boards of Pharmacy ( ...
20110503_Manuscript - international journal of advances in
20110503_Manuscript - international journal of advances in

... metabolic pathways for apixaban include O-demethylation, hydroxylation, and sulfation of hydroxylated O-demethyl apixaban. The O-demethyl apixaban sulfate is present in the human faeces which show that it is stable in the gastrointestinal tract during its excretion[34]. After an oral dose of 20 mg o ...
Critical Management of Status Epilepticus
Critical Management of Status Epilepticus

... The brain electrical activity is periodically disturbed, alteration in neural cell integrity, increase in firing impulses and spread to adjacent normal neurons result in temporary brain dysfunction with alterations in consciousness, behavior or motor function. It may be triggered by illness, infecti ...
Public Assessment Report Mutual Recognition Procedure
Public Assessment Report Mutual Recognition Procedure

... ten per cent of the population have reduced isoenzyme activity ('poor metabolisers') and may have higher than expected plasma concentrations at usual doses. The percentage of 'poor metabolisers' in a population is also affected by its ethnic origin. Older patients have been reported to have higher p ...
Full text in pdf format
Full text in pdf format

... needed using more realistic individual (i.e. 0.005 to 0.01 µg g–1) and cumulative (i.e. 0.05 to 0.1 µg g–1) doses, as extrapolation from the high doses used in this study may not apply to lower levels. Complicating the design of studies, however, is that it is difficult to speculate how often oviger ...
Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci in Multiple Populations of
Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci in Multiple Populations of

... The majority of biological traits are genetically complex. Mapping the quantitative trait loci (QTL) that determine these phenotypes is a powerful means for estimating many parameters of the genetic architecture for a trait and potentially identifying the genes responsible for natural variation. Typ ...
Levetiracetam Tablets 250 mg, 500 mg and 750 mg Rx only
Levetiracetam Tablets 250 mg, 500 mg and 750 mg Rx only

... Levetiracetam tablets and oral solution are bioequivalent. The pharmacokinetics are linear and time-invariant, with low intra- and inter-subject variability. The extent of bioavailability of levetiracetam is not affected by food. Levetiracetam is not significantly protein-bound (<10% bound) and its ...
senate report 103-97
senate report 103-97

... health and person which may possibly come from his participation in the experiments. (Note 6) There is no provision in the Nuremberg Code that allows a country to waive informed consent for military personnel or veterans who serve as human subjects in experiments during wartime or in experiments tha ...
US Product Labeling @std Template for PLR
US Product Labeling @std Template for PLR

... Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared with rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice. Serious and Fatal Abacavi ...
75002402 - lopinavir and ritonavir tabs - outsert
75002402 - lopinavir and ritonavir tabs - outsert

... with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS) have been reported in adults and children in worldwide post-marketing experience. The reporting rate of TEN and SJS associated with modafinil use, which is generally accepted to be an underestimate due to underreporting, exceeds the background incidenc ...
The GP Update Handbook
The GP Update Handbook

... I’d like to say that many of my patients listen to my ‘Now, you’ve got pre-diabetes and if you don’t do something about it now, you are going to get diabetes’ talk and take all my messages to heart, radically changing their diet and lifestyle, losing weight and becoming normoglycaemic. Sadly, only a ...
Adverse events associated with dietary supplements - Direct-MS
Adverse events associated with dietary supplements - Direct-MS

... metalloids, aminoacids, vitamins, and microbial products), and traditional cultural remedies, including Asian herbal prescription medicines. Use of products from this highly diverse class of substances is often intended to maintain “structure and function”1,2 of the body, by contrast with prescripti ...
Stahl_3rd_ch12_Part1..
Stahl_3rd_ch12_Part1..

... possible in major depression, not only to be merciful in trying to relieve current suffering from depressive symptoms but also because of the possibility that aggressive treatment may prevent disease progression. The concept of disease progression in major depression is controversial, unproven, and ...
Liposomal drug delivery systems: From concept to clinical applications
Liposomal drug delivery systems: From concept to clinical applications

... the survival times of mice bearing L1210 leukemia [29,30], and this became a popular ‘model system’ for testing the effects of a wide variety of liposome characteristics on therapeutic outcomes. Other liposomal small molecule therapeutics were also being tested in vivo, with improvements in disease ...
Lecture 15 Notes CH.14
Lecture 15 Notes CH.14

... Sickle-cell disease affects one out of 400 African-Americans The disease is caused by the substitution of a single amino acid in the hemoglobin protein in red blood cells In homozygous individuals, all hemoglobin is abnormal (sickle-cell) Symptoms include physical weakness, pain, organ damage, and e ...
Determination of Atorvastatin Pharmacokinetic
Determination of Atorvastatin Pharmacokinetic

... Atorvastatin is a synthetic second generation3-hydroxy-3- methylglutarylcoenzyme (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor which lowers plasma cholesterol levels by inhibiting theHMG-CoA reductase that catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, an early and rate-limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis ...
Canalization, Cryptic Variation, and Developmental Buffering: A
Canalization, Cryptic Variation, and Developmental Buffering: A

... highly on what central question is being addressed. On a further note of caution, when choosing the multiple lines to use, it is important to consider the “independence” of the lines. In this context, independent means genetically unrelated. Otherwise, there can be “pseudoreplication” of the data, w ...
Scriver Charles R. Garrod`s Croonian Lectures (1908)
Scriver Charles R. Garrod`s Croonian Lectures (1908)

... altered the sequence for reasons that will be apparent.) ...
kaynakca daki hata düzeltilmiş hali
kaynakca daki hata düzeltilmiş hali

... anesthesia reduced the nausea and vomiting caused by hypotension due to spinal anesthesia and/or nausea and vomiting occurring during the period of peritoneum clamping and the amount of propofol used in order to prevent nausea and vomiting in the period after the clamping of the umbilical cord of th ...
tWallace B. Mendelson, tHerbert Weingartner
tWallace B. Mendelson, tHerbert Weingartner

... The indications for prescribing them are uncertain, and the nature and nosology of the disorder for which they are most commonly prescribed-insomnia-are unclear. The relative benefits and liabilities of the various available hypnotics have not been well established. It is generally agreed that benzo ...
G UIDELINE Acne Guideline 2005 Update
G UIDELINE Acne Guideline 2005 Update

... have meetings to discuss the evidence thus collected, and to draw up a set of recommendations for acne management to be distributed to all participating countries where the general implementation of these guidelines would be encouraged. Two main groups were formed, in America and Europe. Meetings we ...
Emerging options for the management of scorpion stings
Emerging options for the management of scorpion stings

... syndrome, the latter occurring mostly in children during viral infections treated by salicylates.37 The incidence of Reye’s syndrome, the symptoms of which can be confused with worsening of envenoming, is low at about 0.8 cases per million children,38 but is often fatal. Therefore, it is necessary t ...
< 1 ... 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 ... 1254 >

Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report