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Dose uniformity of topical corticosteroid preparations: difluprednate
Dose uniformity of topical corticosteroid preparations: difluprednate

... © 2010 Stringer and Bryant, publisher and licensee Dove Medical Press Ltd. This is an Open Access article which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, provided the original work is properly cited. ...
Whose Genetic Information Is It Anyway?
Whose Genetic Information Is It Anyway?

... and reconcile the competing public policy issues raised by the new technological developments and advancements posed by the map of the human genome 2 2 with the privacy rights that are protected in the U.S. today. 23 While the map of the human genome will provide scientists 22. See Kalinoski, supra ...
Commentary: A century of Mendelism: on Johannsen`s genotype
Commentary: A century of Mendelism: on Johannsen`s genotype

... the Darwinian conception of the evolution of species as continuously changing entities and resigned to the evolution of stable species by letting the elementary species change discontinuously by mutations. He also vehemently rejected the Weismann school’s ‘morphologico-phantastical speculations’ and ...
AusPAR: Lisdexamfetamine dimesilate
AusPAR: Lisdexamfetamine dimesilate

... implies the presence of hyperactive-impulsive or inattentive symptoms that caused impairment and were present before 12 years of age. ...
Studies on PJP prophylaxis efficacy
Studies on PJP prophylaxis efficacy

... significantly different form the one drug regimen. The difference between the 3 and 4 drug regimen was the addition of cytarabine. ...
Design and physicochemical characterisation of novel
Design and physicochemical characterisation of novel

... to date by dissolving MNs have typically been of high potency, meaning only a low dose is required to achieve a therapeutic affect (e.g. insulin) [11] or elicit the required immune response [8,9]. Accordingly, dissolving MN arrays have proven to be an extremely successful delivery strategy, even tho ...
ABCB1 haplotypes do not influence transport Linköping University Post Print
ABCB1 haplotypes do not influence transport Linköping University Post Print

... absorption and elimination of TKIs, including the intestine, liver, and kidneys.9 ABCB1 expression has also been found in CML stem cells and in the circulating leukocytes of CML patients.10–12 Consequently, in addition to influencing the influx–efflux of active drug into target cells, ABCB1transport ...
Rational Pharmacology
Rational Pharmacology

... ulcer, duodenal ulcer after selective proximal vagotomy, and nonspecific abdominal pain). The frequency of increased plasma histamine levels was between 19% and 28%, the highest occurrence rate being observed in the group with esophageal varices. The highest plasma histamine concentration was 6 ng/m ...
Artemisia annua (Asteraceae) Description of the plant Plant parts
Artemisia annua (Asteraceae) Description of the plant Plant parts

... death markedly. The combination of artemisinin with other drugs like IFN-alpha or Ribavirin produced an additive protective effect. Artemisinin induced no toxicity in host cells. According to the authors artemisinin is useful in combination with current pharmacological therapy for the treatment of h ...
Choosing a Regimen for Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Latent
Choosing a Regimen for Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Latent

... INH/RPT wkly ...
Plasma Pharmacokinetics of Adriamycin and
Plasma Pharmacokinetics of Adriamycin and

... 0.5-, 1-, 3-, 6-, and then 24-hr increments following administration of the drug for at least 3 days. Blood samples were generally collected from a vein on the opposite arm from the infusion. If necessary, samples were taken from the same vein used for infusion, after extensive flushing. No major di ...
Best practice use of veterinary drugs
Best practice use of veterinary drugs

... The ‘mectin’ chemicals all act a similar way – binding to invertebrate nerve and muscle cells, causing paralysis to the affected parasite. When given as directed, they have a wide safety margin. There are subtle differences between the chemicals in this group, such as their persistence and hence pro ...
SERC PM
SERC PM

... SERC® is highly metabolized primarily by the liver. No pharmacokinetic data are available in patients with hepatic impairment. Caution is advised with use of SERC® in this population. Recommended Dose and Dosage Adjustment The usual daily dosage range is 24 to 48 mg administered orally in divided do ...
Product Information - Therapeutic Goods Administration
Product Information - Therapeutic Goods Administration

... selected in vitro. These viruses expressed a K65R mutation in reverse transcriptase and showed a 2 to 4 fold reduction in susceptibility to tenofovir. Emtricitabine: Emtricitabine-resistant isolates of HIV have been selected in vitro. Genotypic analysis of these isolates showed that the reduced susc ...
Liver Enlargement - STP Regulatory Policy Papers
Liver Enlargement - STP Regulatory Policy Papers

... lobe differences in toxic responses. Using liver homogenates as the enzyme source, activity of cytochrome P450 in the rat was higher in the median and right lobes of the liver, and mitochondrial enzymes were higher in the left lobe (Matsubara et al. 1982). Even after phenobarbital treatment or after ...
Full-Text  - Academic Journals
Full-Text - Academic Journals

... becoming another possible drug target and has been implicated in the mode of action of endoperoxide antimalarials, such as artemisinin and its derivatives (Tekwan and Walker, 2005; Robert et al., 2002). Hematin is said to be the target of chloroquine and other quinoline antimalarials. It has been sh ...
Full Prescribing Information
Full Prescribing Information

... Elevated intraocular pressure of any etiology, if left untreated, can lead to serious sequelae including permanent vision loss. ...
US Prescribing Information
US Prescribing Information

... Elevated intraocular pressure of any etiology, if left untreated, can lead to serious sequelae including permanent vision loss. ...
Daptomycin Use in United States Children*s Hospitals
Daptomycin Use in United States Children*s Hospitals

... • A class of antibiotics with a spectrum of activity similar to that of vancomycin, • Daptomycin is highly bactericidal against S. aureus and other G+ bacteria. • FDA Approrved drug, • Daptomycin is inactivated by surfactant and should NOT be used to treat pneumonia. ...
A Review of the Use of the Number Needed to Treat to Evaluate the
A Review of the Use of the Number Needed to Treat to Evaluate the

... NNT would be dependent on the therapeutic area and availability of successful treatments with lower NNT values. In an indication with limited treatments (eg, visceral pain), a ‘‘high’’ number would be more acceptable than in a pain indication with multiple options. The Precision of the NNT Is Diffic ...
RISPERDAL
RISPERDAL

... 3 mg per day. Although efficacy has been demonstrated in studies of adolescent patients with schizophrenia at doses between 1 mg to 6  mg per day, no additional benefit was observed above 3  mg per day, and higher doses were associated with more adverse events. Doses higher than 6 mg per day have no ...
Complex Heterozygosity Screening with Actin Alanine Scan Alleles
Complex Heterozygosity Screening with Actin Alanine Scan Alleles

... genes has been shown to contribute to tumorigenesis (Santarosa and Ashworth 2004), and complex haploinsufficiency has been shown in mouse models to contribute to early aging (Baker et al. 2006) and tumorigenesis (Ma et al. 2005; Vives et al. 2006). Furthermore, recent genome-wide sequencing of 1092 ...
Assessment report on Vitex agnus-castus L., fructus
Assessment report on Vitex agnus-castus L., fructus

... the Verbenaceae plant family. The medicinal plant was already mentioned by Dioscurides, a famous pharmacologist of the antiquity. “Agnós” as well as “castus” means “chaste”. The plant, respectively its seeds, ingested as a potion, were believed to reduce libido (Schulz & Hänsel 1999). Attention has ...
Sodium Chloride (0.45%, 0.9%, 3%)
Sodium Chloride (0.45%, 0.9%, 3%)

... Other Adverse Reactions / Class Reactions Use appropriate section of your label to incorporate the following class like reactions. The following adverse reactions have not been reported with this product but may occur: • Hypernatraemia • Hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis • Hyponatreamia, which may ...
Felbamate (PDF, 63KB, File is accessible)
Felbamate (PDF, 63KB, File is accessible)

... Information for patients: Patients should be informed prior to initiation of the treatment that the use of /.../felbamate has been associated with aplastic anemia and hepatic failure, both potentially fatal conditions. Blood dyscrasias: A number of serious hematologic adverse events, including throm ...
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Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
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