• Study Resource
  • Explore
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
use
use

... • 200mg/d of a standardized extract of the root containing 4-7% ginsenosides; it is recommended to take for 4 weeks then stop for 1-2 weeks. •Adverse Effects •much listed but close evaluation indicates wide safety; reports of problems may be associated with poor products and adulterated products •Dr ...
Psychoactive plants used in designer drugs as a
Psychoactive plants used in designer drugs as a

... substances (MAOIs) of Banisteriopsis caapi are tetrahydroharmine (THH), harmaline and harmine [23]. To achieve psychoactive effect, Caapi is used with plants containing N,Ndimethylotryptamine (DMT). As a result, DMT psychoactive activities are facilitated with harmala alkaloids which work through in ...
Zeldox oral suspension ENG SmPC
Zeldox oral suspension ENG SmPC

SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1. NAME OF
SUMMARY OF PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS 1. NAME OF

... tachyarrhythmias, concomitant use of cardiac glycosides or diabetes mellitus. Patients should be instructed in the proper use of the inhaler and their technique checked, to ensure that the active substance reaches the target areas within the lungs. The management of asthma should normally follow a s ...
EFFECT OF AMIODARONE ON THE PHARMACODYNAMICS OF GLICLAZIDE IN ANIMAL MODELS
EFFECT OF AMIODARONE ON THE PHARMACODYNAMICS OF GLICLAZIDE IN ANIMAL MODELS

... run leading to existence of several disorders simultaneously. Such situations (existence of simultaneous multiple disorders) demand the use of more than one drug simultaneously known as polypharmacy which may precipitate drug interaction problems [4]. The drug treatment given to the patient is expec ...
Clinical Implications of
Clinical Implications of

... On the other hand, in a study on 106 people in China, the distribution ratio was CC:CT:TT=63.8%:25.7%:10.5% [25] and in our study, the distribution ratio was CC:CT:TT= 26.1%:51.4%:22.5%. As such, the distribution ratio of the MTHFR gene genotype is different for each study and population. Accor­ding ...
4: Central nervous system - Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust
4: Central nervous system - Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust

... In some cases cross-tapering may not be considered necessary. An example is when switching from one SSRI to another: their effects are so similar that administration of the second drug is likely to ameliorate withdrawal effects of the first. However, there is little firm evidence of this occurring. ...
comp15_unit7_lecture_slides
comp15_unit7_lecture_slides

... ADrug-Drug Interaction Scenario “When ordering a new medication, a prescriber may not be aware that two drugs interact, or may not be keeping in mind the other medications that the patient is taking. As an example, consider the case of a hospitalized patient who is being treated with venlafaxine (E ...
Author`s personal copy
Author`s personal copy

... in the case of an osmotic agent in a sealed container, a hydrostatic pressure equivalent to the osmotic pressure can build up over time. In applications for drug release, an open release port is necessary which limits the hydrostatic pressure due to the continuous drug flow through the release port. ...
monohybrid cross.
monohybrid cross.

... factors for individual characteristics are distributed to gametes independent of one another. – The law of independent assortment is observed only for genes that are located on separate chromosomes or are far apart on the same chromosome. ...
chapt21_HumanBiology14e_lecture
chapt21_HumanBiology14e_lecture

... X-linked Recessive Disorders • More males than females are affected. • An affected son can have parents who have the normal phenotype. • For a female to have the characteristic, her father must also have it. Her mother must have it or be a carrier. • The characteristic often skips a generation from ...
DRUG ELIMINATION THE KIDNEY Anatomic Considerations
DRUG ELIMINATION THE KIDNEY Anatomic Considerations

... kidney, lung, small intestine, and skin also contain biotransformation enzymes. Drug elimination in the body involves many complex rate processes. Although organ systems have specific functions, the tissues w ithin the organs are not structurally homogeneous, and elimination processes may vary in ea ...
the 2014 drug trend report
the 2014 drug trend report

... now rank as the third-most-expensive therapy class on a PMPY basis, displacing high blood pressure medications, which had ranked among the top three most-expensive traditional therapy classes for at least a decade. Compounding was the primary manner in which prescriptions were prepared until the 195 ...
Chitosan LipoSan Ultra
Chitosan LipoSan Ultra

... this product. Chitosan may interfere with the absorption of fat-soluble vitamin supplements and should be taken at a separate time than vitamins A, D, E or K. Individuals with intestinal malabsorption syndromes should not use chitosan. This product should not be taken by individuals with a shellfish ...
Properties of Ingredients in Dasanga Guggulu
Properties of Ingredients in Dasanga Guggulu

... across an effective and less side effective drug for this ailment. Even though there are number of synthetic drugs available in the market, they have considerable side effects such as headache, difficulty in sleeping, flushing of the skin, muscle aches, drowsiness, memory loss etc. So there is a gre ...
Prescribing medicines in pregnancy
Prescribing medicines in pregnancy

... Drugs which have been taken by only a limited number of pregnant women and women of childbearing age, without an increase in the frequency of malformation or other direct or indirect harmful effects on the human fetus having been observed. Studies in animals have not shown evidence of an increased o ...
Analysis of Biological Networks: Genetic Interaction Networks
Analysis of Biological Networks: Genetic Interaction Networks

... more than would be expected by chance (p < 0.05). 2. Two GO annotations A and B are considered linked by genetic interactions, if there is significant number of GIs between genes carrying GO annotation A and the ones carrying GO annotation B (Figure 4). This relation defines a network where vertices ...
Aspects to consider when using a syringe driver in the community
Aspects to consider when using a syringe driver in the community

... The responsibility for their use lies with the prescriber. Diamorphine, Hyoscine Hydrobromide and Levomepromazine are the only drugs licensed for subcutaneous administration. However ‘licensed’ means a license for marketing. It is now accepted in the UK that it is acceptable to use unlicensed routes ...
Chapter 25: Mendelian Genetics STUDY GUIDE Name
Chapter 25: Mendelian Genetics STUDY GUIDE Name

... b. What is the probability that Diane is a carrier for Muscular Dystrophy? _____ c. If she is a carrier, write Diane and Craig’s genotypes. _____ d. If she is a carrier, what is the probability that their child will have it? 4. Clouded leopards are a medium sized, endangered species of cat, living i ...
one
one

... separately expressed, and both phenotypes are also completely expressed. Human blood type is an example of both codominance and a multiple allele trait. The alleles for blood types A and B are codominant, which can be expressed as an AB blood type. The allele for type O blood is recessive to the oth ...
Genetics of anxiety disorders: the complex road from DSM to DNA
Genetics of anxiety disorders: the complex road from DSM to DNA

... direct and indirect economic costs. Although established treatments—including medications and cognitive-behavioral therapies—are effective for many patients, there is an ongoing need for improved treatment and prevention strategies. Progress in these areas will require a more complete understanding ...
Suggestions for Drug Monitoring in
Suggestions for Drug Monitoring in

... diagnosis should prompt withdrawal of amiodarone1 and specialist referral.3 Clinical recovery usually occurs within a few months of drug withdrawal, although severe cases, sometimes resulting in fatalities, have been reported. Clinical recovery precedes normalisation of TFTs.1 Diagnosis of hypothyro ...
ELAEOCARPUS SPHAERICUS EXTRACT  Research Article
ELAEOCARPUS SPHAERICUS EXTRACT Research Article

... Analgesic activity of various extracts was evaluated using a standard model- Tail flick model. The tail flick test is widely and reliably used model. Another advantage of this method is that there is minimal interanimal variation. Anti-inflammatory activity of various extracts was evaluated using Pa ...
Association study of 37 genes related to serotonin and dopamine
Association study of 37 genes related to serotonin and dopamine

... (11 + 12 vs. 22) and overdominant (12 vs. 11 + 22) models were only considered for those SNPs in which nominal association was detected under a codominant model. Differences in age at assessment between cases and controls were evaluated using the non-parametric Mann–Whitney U -test with the statisti ...
EXCEPTIONS TO MENDEL`S “LAW OF DOMINANCE”
EXCEPTIONS TO MENDEL`S “LAW OF DOMINANCE”

... When both alleles are fully expressed in the phenotype. ¨  Example: Cross a red cow (RR) with a white cow (WW). What are the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring? ...
< 1 ... 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 ... 1254 >

Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenomics (a portmanteau of pharmacology and genomics) is the study of the role of genetics in drug response. It deals with the influence of acquired and inherited genetic variation on drug response in patients by correlating gene expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms with drug absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination, as well as drug receptor target effects. The term pharmacogenomics is often used interchangeably with pharmacogenetics. Although both terms relate to drug response based on genetic influences, pharmacogenetics focuses on single drug-gene interactions, while pharmacogenomics encompasses a more genome-wide association approach, incorporating genomics and epigenetics while dealing with the effects of multiple genes on drug response.Pharmacogenomics aims to develop rational means to optimize drug therapy, with respect to the patients' genotype, to ensure maximum efficacy with minimal adverse effects. Through the utilization of pharmacogenomics, it is hoped that drug treatments can deviate from what is dubbed as the “one-dose-fits-all” approach. It attempts to eliminate the trial-and-error method of prescribing, allowing physicians to take into consideration their patient’s genes, the functionality of these genes, and how this may affect the efficacy of the patient’s current and/or future treatments (and where applicable, provide an explanation for the failure of past treatments). Such approaches promise the advent of ""personalized medicine""; in which drugs and drug combinations are optimized for each individual's unique genetic makeup. Whether used to explain a patient’s response or lack thereof to a treatment, or act as a predictive tool, it hopes to achieve better treatment outcomes, greater efficacy, minimization of the occurrence of drug toxicities and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). For patients who have lack of therapeutic response to a treatment, alternative therapies can be prescribed that would best suit their requirements. In order to provide pharmacogenomic-based recommendations for a given drug, two possible types of input can be used: genotyping or exome or whole genome sequencing. Sequencing provides many more data points, including detection of mutations that prematurely terminate the synthesized protein (early stop codon).
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report